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Erschienen in: Pediatric Nephrology 5/2022

09.10.2021 | Original Article

Clinical profile of children incidentally found to have advanced kidney failure

verfasst von: Wael M. Abukwaik, Rossana Baracco, Amrish Jain, Melissa Gregory, Rudolph P. Valentini, Gaurav Kapur

Erschienen in: Pediatric Nephrology | Ausgabe 5/2022

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Abstract

Introduction

No data exist on the epidemiology of children incidentally diagnosed with advanced kidney failure (KF) during evaluation for non-specific symptoms. This is likely related to unrecognized symptoms and signs of CKD. The objective of our study was to evaluate incidentally diagnosed patients with advanced KF requiring long-term kidney replacement therapy (KRT).

Methods

An IRB-approved retrospective chart review of children who started KRT with dialysis (hemo- or peritoneal) was conducted. Included were children with no prior knowledge or diagnosis of underlying kidney disease with chronic kidney disease (CKD) disease stage 4 (GFR 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m2) or 5 (GFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2) at initial presentation and started on chronic KRT within 2 months of presentation.

Results

Of 177 patients initiating KRT during the study period, 26 (15%) were categorized as incidental advanced KF. This cohort with mean age 12.25 years consisted of 42% males, 54% African Americans included 46% with glomerular, and 54% with non-glomerular etiology for kidney failure. Vomiting (42%) and fatigue (39%) were most common, while growth failure (19%) and hyperkalemia (7%) were less frequent on initial presentation. Anemia (100%), hypertension (96%), hyperparathyroidism (96%), and hyperphosphatemia (92%) were the most frequently seen CKD comorbidities. Chronic KRT was started within 24 h in 62% and within 2 weeks in 88% of the cohort.

Conclusion

Under-diagnosis of patients with advanced KF is most likely related to milder non-specific clinical symptoms and normal growth in the majority of patients.

Graphical abstract

A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Metadaten
Titel
Clinical profile of children incidentally found to have advanced kidney failure
verfasst von
Wael M. Abukwaik
Rossana Baracco
Amrish Jain
Melissa Gregory
Rudolph P. Valentini
Gaurav Kapur
Publikationsdatum
09.10.2021
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Pediatric Nephrology / Ausgabe 5/2022
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-021-05293-4

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