Fig. 5
Effect of PCOS on stomach Ca2+ mobilization and muscle constriction. The stomach was cultured in calcium-free Krebs solution to eliminate extracellular calcium. Afterward, a high concentration of carbachol (10 μM) was used to evaluate the ability of intracellular calcium release. Thereafter, a CaCl2 solution was added cumulatively into the organ bath to elicit a sustained stomach muscle contraction. The figure is expressed as final concentration of calcium. Muscle contractility (a) and the area under the curve (b) were shown. Four to five different stomach segments prepared from different rats were used in the experiment. The experiment was performed twice, and similar results were obtained. Each value is presented as mean ± SEM (n = 4–5). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 versus the vehicle group