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Erschienen in: Der Hautarzt 6/2010

01.06.2010 | Leitthema

Die Talgdrüse

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. C.C. Zouboulis

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 6/2010

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Zusammenfassung

In der Fetal- und Neugeborenenzeit werden Entwicklung und Funktion der Talgdrüse von maternalen Androgenen, endogenen Steroiden und anderen Morphogenen gesteuert. Die offensichtlichste Funktion der Talgdrüse ist die Sebumsekretion. Kurz nach der Geburt kommt es zu einem starken Anstieg der Sebumexkretion und einem Peak in der ersten Lebenswoche, danach zu einem allmählichen Abfall. Im Rahmen der Adrenarche im Alter von etwa 9 Jahren entsteht ein erneuter Anstieg, der bis etwa zum 17. Lebensjahr anhält, bis das Erwachsenenniveau erreicht ist. Die Talgdrüse ist Zielorgan, aber auch Bildungsort von Hormonen (v. a. aktiven Androgenen). Sebozyten weisen ein breites Spektrum von Hormonrezeptoren auf. Die Wirkung von Androgenen auf die Sebumexkretion ist bekannt, die Differenzierung terminaler Sebozyten wird von Peroxisom-Proliferator-aktivierenden Rezeptorliganden unterstützt. Auch Östrogene, Glukokortikoide und Prolaktin beeinflussen die Talgdrüsenfunktion. Zusätzlich induzieren Stress-sensible kutane Signale die Produktion und Freisetzung von CRH („corticotrohin releasing hormone“) mit nachfolgender dosisabhängiger Regulierung der neutralen Lipide. Ohne exogene Einflüsse synthetisieren Talgdrüsen neben anderen Lipidfragmenten erhebliche Mengen freier Fettsäuren. Atopische bzw. seborrhoische Dermatitis, Psoriasis und Akne vulgaris zählen zu den Krankheitsbildern, an deren Entstehung und Ausprägung Talgdrüsenlipide wahrscheinlich oder sicher beteiligt sind.
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Metadaten
Titel
Die Talgdrüse
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. C.C. Zouboulis
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 6/2010
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-009-1894-y

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