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Cognitive Therapy and Research

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15.05.2021 | Original Article

Distress Intolerance Prospectively Predicts Traumatic Intrusions Following an Experimental Trauma in a Non-clinical Sample

verfasst von: Brian J. Albanese, Thomas J. Preston, Carter Bedford, Richard J. Macatee, Norman B. Schmidt

Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Ausgabe 6/2021

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Abstract

Background

Distress intolerance (DI) is a well-established cognitive-affective factor that reflects the inability to tolerate negative emotional experiences. DI has been consistently linked with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but no research to date has demonstrated whether DI confers pre-existing risk for PTSD-like symptoms following an analogue trauma.

Methods

Participants (n = 70) were recruited based on either a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) or elevations on a related emotional vulnerability. After completing self-report measures, participants watched a film depicting life-threatening car accidents and then monitored the occurrence of intrusions. Ambulatory assessments of film-related traumatic intrusions were then reported 3x/day for 7 days.

Results

As hypothesized, greater DI predicted a poorer ability to volitionally suppress intrusions during the lab-based monitoring period. DI also predicted greater naturalistic intrusions on average throughout the subsequent week, and this difference was largest at the beginning of the follow-up period. Unexpectedly, DI did not predict the trajectory (i.e., slope) of naturalistic intrusions during the follow-up period. TBI status was also not related to intrusions during the follow-up period.

Conclusions

These findings provide critical support for DI as a pre-existing risk factor for the development of intrusive thoughts following an analogue trauma. Future research should seek to extend these findings to a clinical sample.

Two individuals reported moderate or severe TBIs. All results were consistent both with and without these participants included. Therefore, these participants were retained in all analyses.

One subject did not complete the MDES. All analyses were conducted both with and without this subject and the pattern of results remained the same. Therefore, this subject was retained in all other analyses.

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Titel: Distress Intolerance Prospectively Predicts Traumatic Intrusions Following an Experimental Trauma in a Non-clinical Sample
verfasst von: Brian J. Albanese
Thomas J. Preston
Carter Bedford
Richard J. Macatee
Norman B. Schmidt
Publikationsdatum: 15.05.2021
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Ausgabe 6/2021
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-021-10228-2

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Distress Intolerance Prospectively Predicts Traumatic Intrusions Following an Experimental Trauma in a Non-clinical Sample

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Results

Conclusions

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