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Erschienen in: Die Ophthalmologie 6/2009

01.06.2009 | Leitthema

Genetik des Usher-Syndroms

verfasst von: PD Dr. H.J. Bolz

Erschienen in: Die Ophthalmologie | Ausgabe 6/2009

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Zusammenfassung

Seit der Identifizierung des ersten Usher-Gens (MYO7A) vor 14 Jahren hat die Erforschung der genetischen Grundlagen dieser Erkrankung enorme Fortschritte gemacht. Bemerkenswert ist die ausgeprägte nichtallelische genetische Heterogenität mit zurzeit 9 bekannten Genen. Die meisten der von den Usher-Genen kodierten Proteine haben ähnliche Funktionen, befinden sich in den gleichen Regionen von Innenohrhaarzellen und retinalen Photorezeptoren und interagieren miteinander. Etwa 80% der Patienten haben Mutationen in einem der bekannten Gene. Eine Herausforderung der genetischen Grundlagenforschung ist es, die verbleibenden Gene zu finden. Weitgehend unklar ist auch noch, welche genetischen Faktoren die mitunter ausgeprägte klinische Variabilität, die auch zwischen betroffenen Geschwistern beobachtet werden kann, bedingen. Eine umfassende molekulare Routinediagnostik für alle Usher-Gene wird durch die Etablierung neuer Hochdurchsatzverfahren angestrebt und ist wünschenswert: Die frühe molekulargenetische Sicherung der Diagnose (bzw. ihr Ausschluss) ist für das klinische Management und die Lebensplanung von großer Bedeutung, da so geklärt werden könnte, ob der angeborenen Hörstörung im weiteren Leben eine Netzhauterkrankung folgt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Genetik des Usher-Syndroms
verfasst von
PD Dr. H.J. Bolz
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2009
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Ophthalmologie / Ausgabe 6/2009
Print ISSN: 2731-720X
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7218
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-008-1887-8

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