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17.11.2015

Incidence, risk factors and consequences of bile leakage following laparoscopic major hepatectomy

verfasst von: François Cauchy, David Fuks, Takeo Nomi, Lilian Schwarz, Ajay Belgaumkar, Olivier Scatton, Olivier Soubrane, Brice Gayet

Erschienen in: Surgical Endoscopy | Ausgabe 9/2016

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Abstract

Background

Bile leakage (BL) remains a common cause of major morbidity after open major liver resection but has only been poorly described in patients undergoing laparoscopic major hepatectomy (LMH). The present study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors and consequences of BL following LMH.

Methods

All 223 patients undergoing LMH between 2000 and 2013 at two tertiary referral centres were retrospectively analysed. BL was defined according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery, and its incidence and consequences were assessed. Risk factors for BL were determined on multivariate analysis.

Results

BL occurred in 30 (13.5 %) patients, and its incidence remained stable over time (p = 0.200). BL was diagnosed following the presence of bile into the abdominal drain in 14 (46.7 %) patients and after drainage of symptomatic abdominal collections in 16 (53.3 %) patients without intra-operative drain placement. Grade A, B and C BL occurred in 3 (10.0 %), 23 (76.6 %) and 4 (13.4 %) cases, respectively. Interventional procedures for BL included endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, percutaneous and surgical drainage in 10 (33.3 %), 23 (76.7 %) and 4 (13.3 %) patients, respectively. BL was associated with significantly increased rates of symptomatic pleural effusion (30.0 vs. 11.4 %, p = 0.006), multiorgan failure (13.3 vs. 3.6 %, p = 0.022), postoperative death (10.0 vs. 1.6 %, p = 0.008) and prolonged hospital stay (18 vs. 8 days, p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, BMI > 28 kg/m² (OR 2.439, 95 % CI 1.878–2.771, p = 0.036), history of hepatectomy (OR 1.675, 95 % CI 1.256–2.035, p = 0.044) and biliary reconstruction (OR 1.975, 95 % CI 1.452–2.371, p = 0.039) were significantly associated with increased risk of BL.

Conclusions and relevance

After LMH, BL occurred in 13.5 % of the patients and was associated with significant morbidity. Patients with one or several risk factors for BL should benefit intra-operative drain placement.

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Titel: Incidence, risk factors and consequences of bile leakage following laparoscopic major hepatectomy
verfasst von: François Cauchy
David Fuks
Takeo Nomi
Lilian Schwarz
Ajay Belgaumkar
Olivier Scatton
Olivier Soubrane
Brice Gayet
Publikationsdatum: 17.11.2015
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Surgical Endoscopy / Ausgabe 9/2016
Print ISSN: 0930-2794
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-2218
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-015-4666-z

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions and relevance

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