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Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Erschienen in:

01.06.2008 | Original Article

Effects of raloxifene and hormone replacement therapy on serum Th2 and Th3 type cytokine concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomised controlled trial

verfasst von: Selahattin Kumru, Fahrettin M. Yildiz, Ahmet Godekmerdan, Selim Kutlu, Bayram Yilmaz, Bilgin Gurates

Erschienen in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics | Ausgabe 6/2008

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Abstract

Background

Since sex hormones are reported to have important roles in the regulation of immune function, this study was designed to investigate the effects hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and raloxifene (RAL) on serum cytokine concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women.

Methods

Fifty-three healthy postmenopausal women were randomly assigned and treated by RAL (Group I, [RAL 60 mg daily and continuously], n = 16), HRT (Group II, [2 mg estradiol valerat + 2 mg dienogest, continuously] n = 18) or placebo (Group III, n = 19). Two fasting morning blood samples were obtained from each participant before and 3 months after the treatments. Serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-4 (as a Th2 cytokine) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)1 (as a Th3 cytokine), were measured by using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance, Mann–Whitney U, and Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Tests were used as necessary.

Results

At the beginning of the study, the chronological ages, menopausal ages, years of amenorrhea, weights, body mass indexes, and blood pressures were not significantly different between groups (P < 0.05). RAL treatment caused a significant decrease on serum IL-4 concentration (P < 0.001). Although HRT caused a 14% decrease in serum IL-4 concentration, this decrease was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Serum TGF-β1 concentrations were significantly decreased by HRT when compared to basal value (P < 0.001), and to control (P < 0.05). RAL treatment has no significant effect on serum TGF-β1 concentration (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

It seems that RAL treatment might cause a decrease in serum IL-4 concentration while valerate plus dienogest treatment as HRT seems to cause a Th3 tendency in healthy postmenopausal women.

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Titel: Effects of raloxifene and hormone replacement therapy on serum Th2 and Th3 type cytokine concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomised controlled trial
verfasst von: Selahattin Kumru
Fahrettin M. Yildiz
Ahmet Godekmerdan
Selim Kutlu
Bayram Yilmaz
Bilgin Gurates
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2008
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics / Ausgabe 6/2008
Print ISSN: 0932-0067
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0711
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-007-0521-3

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Effects of raloxifene and hormone replacement therapy on serum Th2 and Th3 type cytokine concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomised controlled trial