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Pediatric Nephrology

Erschienen in:

14.04.2021 | Educational Review

Early microvascular complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: recent developments and updates

verfasst von: Kalie L. Tommerdahl, Allison L. B. Shapiro, Edward J. Nehus, Petter Bjornstad

Erschienen in: Pediatric Nephrology | Ausgabe 1/2022

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Abstract

The prevalence of youth-onset diabetes is progressing rapidly worldwide, and poor glycemic control, in combination with prolonged diabetes duration and comorbidities including hypertension, has led to the early development of microvascular complications including diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Pediatric populations with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes are classically underdiagnosed with microvascular complications, and this leads to both undertreatment and insufficient attention to the mitigation of risk factors that could help attenuate further progression of complications and decrease the likelihood for long-term morbidity and mortality. This narrative review aims to present a comprehensive summary of the epidemiology, risk factors, symptoms, screening practices, and treatment options, including future opportunities for treatment advancement, for microvascular complications in youth with T1D and T2D. We seek to uniquely focus on the inherent challenges of managing pediatric populations with diabetes and discuss the similarities and differences between microvascular complications in T1D and T2D, while presenting a strong emphasis on the importance of early identification of at-risk youth. Further investigation of possible treatment mechanisms for microvascular complications in youth with T1D and T2D through dedicated pediatric outcome trials is necessary to target the brief window where early pathological vascular changes may be significantly attenuated.

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Titel: Early microvascular complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: recent developments and updates
verfasst von: Kalie L. Tommerdahl
Allison L. B. Shapiro
Edward J. Nehus
Petter Bjornstad
Publikationsdatum: 14.04.2021
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Pediatric Nephrology / Ausgabe 1/2022
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-021-05050-7

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