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Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Erschienen in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 1/2010

01.03.2010 | Review Article

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws—a current overview—part 1

Physiopathology and risk and predisposing factors

verfasst von: Bruno Ramos Chrcanovic, Peter Reher, Alexandre Andrade Sousa, Malcolm Harris

Erschienen in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | Ausgabe 1/2010

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to explore the current theories about definition, classification, incidence and physiopathology of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws. Moreover, it is discussed the predisposing and risk factors for the development of osteoradionecrosis based on the literature review.

Discussion

Osteoradionecrosis is one of the most serious oral complications of head and neck cancer treatment. Osteoradionecrosis is a severe delayed radiation-induced injury, characterised by bone tissue necrosis and failure to heal. Osteoradionecrosis either stabilises or gradually worsens and is notoriously difficult to manage. The most widely accepted theory to explain its cause until recently was the theory of hypoxia, hypovascularity and hypocellularity. A new theory for the pathogenesis of osteoradionecrosis was proposed. The clinical presentations of osteoradionecrosis are pain, drainage and fistulation of the mucosa or skin that is related to exposed bone in an area that has been irradiated. The tumour size and location, radiation dose, local trauma, dental extractions, infection, immune defects and malnutrition can predispose its development.

Conclusions

A better understanding of risk factors for the development ORN and of the underlying pathophysiology may improve our ability to prevent this complication and help to improve the prognosis for those being treated for osteoradionecrosis.
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Metadaten
Titel
Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws—a current overview—part 1
Physiopathology and risk and predisposing factors
verfasst von
Bruno Ramos Chrcanovic
Peter Reher
Alexandre Andrade Sousa
Malcolm Harris
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Ausgabe 1/2010
Print ISSN: 1865-1550
Elektronische ISSN: 1865-1569
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-009-0198-9

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