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01.05.2015 | Original Research

Using a Single Item to Measure Burnout in Primary Care Staff: A Psychometric Evaluation

verfasst von: Emily D. Dolan, MS PhD, David Mohr, PhD, Michele Lempa, MPH DrPH, Sandra Joos, PhD, Stephan D. Fihn, MD MPH, Karin M. Nelson, MD MSHS, Christian D. Helfrich, MPH PhD

Erschienen in: Journal of General Internal Medicine | Ausgabe 5/2015

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Abstract

Background

Burnout affects nearly half of all U.S. nurses and physicians, and has been linked to poor outcomes such as worse patient safety. The most common measure of burnout is the well-validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). However, the MBI is proprietary and carries licensing fees, posing challenges to routine or repeated assessment.

Objective

To compare a non-proprietary, single-item burnout measure to a single item from the MBI Emotional Exhaustion (MBI:EE) subscale that has been validated as a standalone burnout measure.

Design

Cross-sectional online survey.

Participants

A sample of primary care providers (PCPs), registered nurses, clinical associates (e.g., licensed practical nurses (LPNs), medical technicians), and administrative clerks in the Veterans Health Administration surveyed in 2012.

Main Methods

We compared a validated one-item version of the MBI:EE and a non-proprietary single-item burnout measure used in the Physician Work Life Study. We calculated kappa statistics, sensitivity and specificity, positive predictive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), and area under the receiver operator curve (AUC). We conducted analyses stratified by occupation to determine the stability of the correlation between the two measures.

Key Results

We analyzed responses from 5,404 participants, including 1,769 providers and 1,380 registered nurses. The prevalence of burnout was 36.7 % as measured on the single MBI:EE item and 38.5 % as measured on the non-proprietary single-item measure. Relative to the MBI:EE, the non-proprietary single-item measure had a correlation of 0.79, sensitivity of 83.2 %, specificity of 87.4 %, and AUC of 0.93 (se = 0.004). Results were similar when stratified by respondent occupation.

Conclusions

A non-proprietary single-item measure served as a reliable substitute for the MBI:EE across occupations. Because it is non-proprietary and easy to interpret, it has logistical advantages over the one-item MBI.

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Titel: Using a Single Item to Measure Burnout in Primary Care Staff: A Psychometric Evaluation
verfasst von: Emily D. Dolan, MS PhD
David Mohr, PhD
Michele Lempa, MPH DrPH
Sandra Joos, PhD
Stephan D. Fihn, MD MPH
Karin M. Nelson, MD MSHS
Christian D. Helfrich, MPH PhD
Publikationsdatum: 01.05.2015
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of General Internal Medicine / Ausgabe 5/2015
Print ISSN: 0884-8734
Elektronische ISSN: 1525-1497
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-014-3112-6

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Using a Single Item to Measure Burnout in Primary Care Staff: A Psychometric Evaluation