Hyperglycemia as a Predictor of Poor Outcome at Discharge in Patients with Acute Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage

Acute stroke patients commonly suffer from hyperglycemia. However, the relationship between hyperglycemia and poor outcome after discharge of patients with acute cerebellar hemorrhage (CH) had not been hitherto investigated. Sixty-two patients with acute spontaneous CH were retrospectively analyzed. The consciousness level, blood glucose/sugar (BS) on arrival and maximum diameter of hematoma, etc., were obtained. Patient prognosis was scored by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge and we divided them into good outcome (GOS score of 4 or 5) and poor outcome (GOS score of 1 or 2 or 3) groups. The association between early outcome and clinical characteristics were investigated by multivariate logistic regression. There were 33 (53.4%) patients in the poor outcome group and 29 (46.6%) in the good outcome group. The initial BS was significantly higher in the poor outcome group (186.4 ± 57 mg/dl) compared with good outcome group (136.6 ± 31.1 mg/dl) (p < 0.001). BS ≥ 140 mg/dl (OR = 25.217, p = 0.008) and maximum diameter of hematoma ≥3 cm (OR = 216.422, p < 0.001) were independently correlated with poor outcome. We report the first study that hyperglycemia (BS ≥ 140 mg/dl) on arrival and maximum diameter of hematoma ≥3 cm were found to be strong predictive factors of poor outcome at discharge in patients with acute spontaneous CH.