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01.04.2007 | Research Article

Tolerogenic effect of fiber tract injury: reduced EAE severity following entorhinal cortex lesion

verfasst von: Leman Mutlu, Christine Brandt, Erik Kwidzinski, Birgit Sawitzki, Ulrike Gimsa, Jacqueline Mahlo, Orhan Aktas, Robert Nitsch, Marloes van Zwam, Jon D. Laman, Ingo Bechmann

Erschienen in: Experimental Brain Research | Ausgabe 4/2007

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Abstract

Despite transient, myelin-directed adaptive immune responses in regions of fiber tract degeneration, none of the current models of fiber tract injuries evokes disseminated demyelination, implying effective mechanisms maintaining or re-establishing immune tolerance. In fact, we have recently detected CD95L upregulation accompanied by apoptosis of leukocytes in zones of axonal degeneration induced by entorhinal cortex lesion (ECL), a model of layer-specific axonal degeneration. Moreover, infiltrating monocytes readily transformed into ramified microglia exhibiting a phenotype of immature (CD86+/CD80−) antigen-presenting cells. We now report the appearance of the axonal antigen neurofilament-light along with increased T cell apoptosis and enhanced expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bad in cervical lymph nodes after ECL. In order to test the functional significance of such local and systemic depletory/regulatory mechanisms on subsequent immunity to central nervous system antigens, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced by proteolipid protein immunization 30 days after ECL. In three independent experiments, we found significantly diminished disease scores and infiltrates in lesioned compared to sham-operated SJL mice. This is consistent with a previous meta-statistical analysis (Goodin et al. in Neurology 52:1737–1745, 1999) rejecting the O-hypothesis that brain trauma causes or exacerbates multiple sclerosis. Conversely, brain injuries may involve long-term tolerogenic effects towards brain antigens.

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Titel: Tolerogenic effect of fiber tract injury: reduced EAE severity following entorhinal cortex lesion
verfasst von: Leman Mutlu
Christine Brandt
Erik Kwidzinski
Birgit Sawitzki
Ulrike Gimsa
Jacqueline Mahlo
Orhan Aktas
Robert Nitsch
Marloes van Zwam
Jon D. Laman
Ingo Bechmann
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2007
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Experimental Brain Research / Ausgabe 4/2007
Print ISSN: 0014-4819
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1106
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-006-0758-2

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