Introduction
Methods
Participants
N | Females | Mean age in years (SD) | Mean duration of olfactory loss in months (SD) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Healthy | 29 | 14 | 57.4 (11.6) | – |
Patients | 26 | 14 | 59.2 (11.2) | 29.2 (25.5) |
With idiopathic olfactory loss | 9 | 4 | 58.6 (10.7) | 37.9 (33.7) |
With post-infectious olfactory loss | 13 | 7 | 61.1 (12.8) | 22 (12.7) |
With post-traumatic olfactory loss | 4 | 3 | 54.5 (5.8) | 35 (37.7) |
Procedure
Statistical approach
Results
Olfactory threshold
Verbal semantic fluency
Age | OT duration | Δ Threshold | Δ Discrimination | Δ Identification | Δ Retronasal | Δ Individual significance of olfaction | Δ MoCA | Δ COWAT | Δ Verbal semantic fluency | Δ Depressive symptoms | Δ Positive affect | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OT duration | ||||||||||||
r | .14 | |||||||||||
p | .30 | |||||||||||
Δ Threshold | ||||||||||||
r | .01 | − .08 | ||||||||||
p | .95 | .56 | ||||||||||
Δ Discrimination | ||||||||||||
r | .05 | − .16 | .45** | |||||||||
p | .73 | .27 | < .001 | |||||||||
Δ Identification | ||||||||||||
r | − .17 | − .20 | .40** | .18 | ||||||||
p | .21 | .16 | < .001 | .19 | ||||||||
Δ Retronasal | ||||||||||||
r | − .25 | − .13 | .08 | − .19 | .02 | |||||||
p | .07 | .35 | .56 | .17 | .87 | |||||||
Δ Individual significance of olfaction | ||||||||||||
r | − .06 | .05 | .03 | .02 | .02 | .31* | ||||||
p | .67 | .73 | .85 | .90 | .87 | .03 | ||||||
Δ MoCA | ||||||||||||
r | − .02 | − .36** | .33* | .14 | .04 | .06 | − .31* | |||||
p | .86 | .01 | .02 | .33 | .80 | .65 | .03 | |||||
Δ COWAT | ||||||||||||
r | − .01 | .24 | − .07 | .07 | − .19 | .06 | .22 | − .18 | ||||
p | .95 | .08 | .62 | .62 | .17 | .70 | .11 | .20 | ||||
Δ Verbal semantic fluency | ||||||||||||
r | .05 | − .16 | .26 | .20 | .12 | − .04 | .21 | .18 | .11 | |||
p | .71 | .25 | .06 | .15 | .39 | .76 | .14 | .21 | .43 | |||
Δ Depressive symptoms | ||||||||||||
r | .06 | − .04 | − .20 | − .16 | − .06 | − .02 | − .10 | − .16 | .12 | .01 | ||
p | .69 | .76 | .16 | .25 | .70 | .89 | .48 | .26 | .40 | .93 | ||
Δ Positive effect | ||||||||||||
r | .29* | .24 | − .01 | .14 | − .14 | − .18 | .04 | .01 | .27* | .15 | − .20 | |
p | .03 | .08 | .96 | .32 | .32 | .21 | .76 | .99 | .05 | .27 | .16 | |
Δ Negative effect | ||||||||||||
r | − .15 | .13 | .11 | − .20 | − .14 | .18 | − .07 | − .15 | − .01 | .02 | .42** | − .291* |
p | .28 | .37 | .46 | .17 | .31 | .20 | .61 | .27 | .92 | .91 | < .001 | .03 |
Criterium | |||
---|---|---|---|
△TDI ≥ 5.5 | △Thr ≥ 2.5 | △Id ≥ 3 | |
Controls | 2 (6.9%) | 6 (20.7%) | 0 (0%) |
Patients | |||
With idiopathic olfactory loss | 1 (11.1%) | 1 (11.1%) | 1 (11.1%) |
With post-infectious olfactory loss | 3 (25%) | 4 (33.3%) | 2 (16.7%) |
With post-traumatic olfactory loss | 0 (0%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0 (0%) |
χ2 (significance level) | 3.19 (p = .36) | 1.73 (p = .63) | 5.14 (p = .16) |