Skip to main content
Erschienen in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 3/2013

01.04.2013 | Original Paper

The role of a mineralocorticoid receptor gene functional polymorphism in the symptom dimensions of persistent ADHD

verfasst von: Gustavo Lucena Kortmann, Verônica Contini, Guilherme Pinto Bertuzzi, Nina Roth Mota, Diego Luiz Rovaris, Vanessa Rodrigues Paixão-Côrtes, Leandro Leal de Lima, Eugenio Horacio Grevet, Carlos Alberto Iglesias Salgado, Eduardo Schneider Vitola, Luis Augusto Rohde, Paulo Belmonte-de-Abreu, Claiton Henrique Dotto Bau

Erschienen in: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience | Ausgabe 3/2013

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects approximately 5 % of school-aged children and 2.5 % of adults. Genetic studies in ADHD have pointed to genes in different neurobiological systems, with relatively small individual effects. The mineralocorticoid receptor is the main receptor involved in the initial triggering of stress response. Therefore, its encoding gene (NR3C2) is a candidate for psychiatric disorder studies, including ADHD, and behavioral phenotypes. There is evidence that the Val allele of the MRI180V polymorphism (rs5522) increases the risk of depression, attention and cognitive deficits. We investigated the possible role of the mineralocorticoid receptor gene in the symptom dimensions and susceptibility to persistent ADHD. We compared genotype and allele frequencies in 478 adult patients with ADHD and 597 controls and symptom dimensions in 449 patients and 132 controls. Diagnoses were based on the DSM-IV criteria. ADHD symptom dimensions were investigated with SNAP-IV for ADHD severity and Barkley scales for severity and impairment. Carriers of the Val allele presented higher inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity and impairment scores, while genotype and allele frequencies did not differ between patients and controls. These results are consistent with a possible link between genetic variations in the HPA axis and inattention and hyperactivity measures.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Faraone SV, Biederman J, Mick E (2006) The age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Psychol Med 36:159–165PubMedCrossRef Faraone SV, Biederman J, Mick E (2006) The age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Psychol Med 36:159–165PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Fayyad J, De Graaf R, Kessler R, Alonso J, Angermeyer M, Demyttenaere K, De Girolamo G, Haro JM, Karam EG, Lara C, Lépine JP, Ormel J, Posada-Villa J, Zaslavsky AM, Jin R (2007) Cross-national prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Br J Psychiatry 190:402–409PubMedCrossRef Fayyad J, De Graaf R, Kessler R, Alonso J, Angermeyer M, Demyttenaere K, De Girolamo G, Haro JM, Karam EG, Lara C, Lépine JP, Ormel J, Posada-Villa J, Zaslavsky AM, Jin R (2007) Cross-national prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Br J Psychiatry 190:402–409PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Polanczyk G, Lima MS, Horta BL, Biederman J, Rohde LA (2007) The Worldwide Prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis. Am J Psychiatry 164:942–948PubMedCrossRef Polanczyk G, Lima MS, Horta BL, Biederman J, Rohde LA (2007) The Worldwide Prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis. Am J Psychiatry 164:942–948PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Simon V, Czobor P, Bálint S, Mészáros A, Bitter I (2009) Prevalence and correlates of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 194:204–211PubMedCrossRef Simon V, Czobor P, Bálint S, Mészáros A, Bitter I (2009) Prevalence and correlates of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 194:204–211PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Gizer IR, Ficks C, Waldman ID (2009) Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review. Hum Genet 126:51–90PubMedCrossRef Gizer IR, Ficks C, Waldman ID (2009) Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review. Hum Genet 126:51–90PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Franke B, Neale BM, Faraone SV (2009) Genome-wide association studies in ADHD. Hum Genet 126:13–50PubMedCrossRef Franke B, Neale BM, Faraone SV (2009) Genome-wide association studies in ADHD. Hum Genet 126:13–50PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Alleva E, Francia N (2009) Psychiatric vulnerability: suggestions from animal models and role of neurotrophins. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33:525–536PubMedCrossRef Alleva E, Francia N (2009) Psychiatric vulnerability: suggestions from animal models and role of neurotrophins. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33:525–536PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Maccari S, Darnaudery M, Morley-Fletcher S, Zuena AR, Cinque C, Van Reeth O (2003) Prenatal stress and long-term consequences: implications of glucocorticoid hormones. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 27:119–127PubMedCrossRef Maccari S, Darnaudery M, Morley-Fletcher S, Zuena AR, Cinque C, Van Reeth O (2003) Prenatal stress and long-term consequences: implications of glucocorticoid hormones. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 27:119–127PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Meier A (1985) Child psychiatric sequelae of maternal war stress. Acta Psychiatr Scand 72:505–511CrossRef Meier A (1985) Child psychiatric sequelae of maternal war stress. Acta Psychiatr Scand 72:505–511CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Schell LM (1981) Environmental noise and human prenatal growth. Am J Physiol Anthropol 56:63–70CrossRef Schell LM (1981) Environmental noise and human prenatal growth. Am J Physiol Anthropol 56:63–70CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Weinstock M (1997) Does prenatal stress impair coping and regulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 21:1–10PubMedCrossRef Weinstock M (1997) Does prenatal stress impair coping and regulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 21:1–10PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Weinstock M (2005) The potential influence of maternal stress hormones on development and mental health of the offspring. Brain Behav Immun 19:296–308PubMedCrossRef Weinstock M (2005) The potential influence of maternal stress hormones on development and mental health of the offspring. Brain Behav Immun 19:296–308PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat King JA, Barkley RA, Barrett S (1998) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and the stress response. Biol Psychiatry 44:72–74PubMedCrossRef King JA, Barkley RA, Barrett S (1998) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and the stress response. Biol Psychiatry 44:72–74PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Hong HJ, Shin DW, Lee EH, Oh YH, Noh KS (2003) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal reactivity in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Yonsei Med J 44:608–614PubMed Hong HJ, Shin DW, Lee EH, Oh YH, Noh KS (2003) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal reactivity in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Yonsei Med J 44:608–614PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang SJ, Shin DW, Noh KS, Stein MA (2007) Cortisol is inversely correlated with aggression for those boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who retain their reactivity to stress. Psychiatry Res 153:55–60PubMedCrossRef Yang SJ, Shin DW, Noh KS, Stein MA (2007) Cortisol is inversely correlated with aggression for those boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who retain their reactivity to stress. Psychiatry Res 153:55–60PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Lackschewitz H, Huther G, Kroner-Herwig B (2008) Physiological and psychological stress responses in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychoneuroendocrinology 33:612–624PubMedCrossRef Lackschewitz H, Huther G, Kroner-Herwig B (2008) Physiological and psychological stress responses in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychoneuroendocrinology 33:612–624PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat van West D, Claes S, Deboutte D (2009) Differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning among children with ADHD predominantly inattentive and combined types. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 9:543–553CrossRef van West D, Claes S, Deboutte D (2009) Differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning among children with ADHD predominantly inattentive and combined types. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 9:543–553CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Kariyawasam SH, Zaw F, Handley SL (2002) Reduced salivary cortisol in children with comorbid Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 1:45–48 Kariyawasam SH, Zaw F, Handley SL (2002) Reduced salivary cortisol in children with comorbid Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 1:45–48
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Ma L, Chen YH, Chen H, Liu YY, Wang YX (2011) The function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in children with ADHD. Brain Res 1368:159–162PubMedCrossRef Ma L, Chen YH, Chen H, Liu YY, Wang YX (2011) The function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in children with ADHD. Brain Res 1368:159–162PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Sondeijker FE, Ferdinand RF, Oldehinkel AJ, Veenstra R, Tiemeier H, Ormel J, Verhulst FC (2007) Disruptive behaviors and HPA-axis activity in young adolescent boys and girls from the general population. J Psychiatr Res 41:570–578PubMedCrossRef Sondeijker FE, Ferdinand RF, Oldehinkel AJ, Veenstra R, Tiemeier H, Ormel J, Verhulst FC (2007) Disruptive behaviors and HPA-axis activity in young adolescent boys and girls from the general population. J Psychiatr Res 41:570–578PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat de Kloet ER, Vreugdenhil E, Oitzl MS, Joëls M (1998) Brain corticosteroid receptor balance in health and disease. Endocr Rev 19:269–301PubMedCrossRef de Kloet ER, Vreugdenhil E, Oitzl MS, Joëls M (1998) Brain corticosteroid receptor balance in health and disease. Endocr Rev 19:269–301PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat de Kloet ER, Van Acker SA, Sibug RM, Oitzl MS, Meijer OC, Rahmouni K, de Jong W (2000) Brain mineralocorticoid receptors and centrally regulated functions. Kidney Int 57:1329–1336PubMedCrossRef de Kloet ER, Van Acker SA, Sibug RM, Oitzl MS, Meijer OC, Rahmouni K, de Jong W (2000) Brain mineralocorticoid receptors and centrally regulated functions. Kidney Int 57:1329–1336PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat de Rijk RH, Wust S, Meijer OC, Zennaro MC, Federenko IS, Hellhammer DH, Giacchetti G, Vreugdenhil E, Zitman FG, de Kloet ER (2006) A common polymorphism in the mineralocorticoid receptor modulates stress responsiveness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:5083–5089CrossRef de Rijk RH, Wust S, Meijer OC, Zennaro MC, Federenko IS, Hellhammer DH, Giacchetti G, Vreugdenhil E, Zitman FG, de Kloet ER (2006) A common polymorphism in the mineralocorticoid receptor modulates stress responsiveness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:5083–5089CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Reul JM, de Kloet ER (1985) Two receptor systems for corticosterone in rat brain: microdistribution and differential occupation. Endocrinology 117:2505–2511PubMedCrossRef Reul JM, de Kloet ER (1985) Two receptor systems for corticosterone in rat brain: microdistribution and differential occupation. Endocrinology 117:2505–2511PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Funder JW (2004) Aldosterone, mineralocorticoid receptors and vascular inflammation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 217:263–269PubMedCrossRef Funder JW (2004) Aldosterone, mineralocorticoid receptors and vascular inflammation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 217:263–269PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat de Kloet ER (2003) Hormones, brain and stress. Endocr Regul 37:51–68PubMed de Kloet ER (2003) Hormones, brain and stress. Endocr Regul 37:51–68PubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Otte C, Moritz S, Yassouridis A, Koop M, Madrischewski AM, Wiedemann K, Kellner M (2007) Blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor in healthy men: effects on experimentally induced panic symptoms, stress hormones, and cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:232–238PubMedCrossRef Otte C, Moritz S, Yassouridis A, Koop M, Madrischewski AM, Wiedemann K, Kellner M (2007) Blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor in healthy men: effects on experimentally induced panic symptoms, stress hormones, and cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:232–238PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat de Rijk RH, van Leeuwen N, Klok MD, Zitman FG (2008) Corticosteroid receptor-gene variants: modulators of the stress-response and implications for mental health. Eur J Pharmacol 585:492–501CrossRef de Rijk RH, van Leeuwen N, Klok MD, Zitman FG (2008) Corticosteroid receptor-gene variants: modulators of the stress-response and implications for mental health. Eur J Pharmacol 585:492–501CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat de Rijk RH (2009) Single nucleotide polymorphisms related to HPA axis reactivity. NeuroImmunoModulation 16:340–352CrossRef de Rijk RH (2009) Single nucleotide polymorphisms related to HPA axis reactivity. NeuroImmunoModulation 16:340–352CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Kuningas M, de Rijk RH, Westendorp RG, Jolles J, Slagboom PE, van Heemst D (2007) Mental performance in old age dependent on cortisol and genetic variance in the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:1295–1301PubMedCrossRef Kuningas M, de Rijk RH, Westendorp RG, Jolles J, Slagboom PE, van Heemst D (2007) Mental performance in old age dependent on cortisol and genetic variance in the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:1295–1301PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Bogdan R, Perlis RH, Fagerness J, Pizzagalli DA (2010) The impact of mineralocorticoid receptor ISO/VAL genotype (rs5522) and stress on reward learning. Genes Brain Behav 9:658–667PubMed Bogdan R, Perlis RH, Fagerness J, Pizzagalli DA (2010) The impact of mineralocorticoid receptor ISO/VAL genotype (rs5522) and stress on reward learning. Genes Brain Behav 9:658–667PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Arai K, Nakagomi Y, Iketani M, Shimura Y, Amemiya S, Ohyama K, Shibasaki T (2003) Functional polymorphisms in the mineralocorticoid receptor and amirolide-sensitive sodium channel genes in a patient with sporadic pseudohypoaldosteronism. Hum Genet 112:91–97PubMedCrossRef Arai K, Nakagomi Y, Iketani M, Shimura Y, Amemiya S, Ohyama K, Shibasaki T (2003) Functional polymorphisms in the mineralocorticoid receptor and amirolide-sensitive sodium channel genes in a patient with sporadic pseudohypoaldosteronism. Hum Genet 112:91–97PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat de Rijk RH, de Kloet ER, Zitman FG, van Leeuwen N (2011) Mineralocorticoid receptor gene variants as determinants of HPA axis regulation and behavior. Endocr Dev 20:137–148 de Rijk RH, de Kloet ER, Zitman FG, van Leeuwen N (2011) Mineralocorticoid receptor gene variants as determinants of HPA axis regulation and behavior. Endocr Dev 20:137–148
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Luijk MP, Tharner A, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH, Jaddoe VW, Hofman A, Verhulst FC, Tiemeier H (2011) The association between parenting and attachment security is moderated by a polymorphism in the mineralocorticoid receptor gene: evidence for differential susceptibility. Biol Psychol 88:37–40PubMedCrossRef Luijk MP, Tharner A, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH, Jaddoe VW, Hofman A, Verhulst FC, Tiemeier H (2011) The association between parenting and attachment security is moderated by a polymorphism in the mineralocorticoid receptor gene: evidence for differential susceptibility. Biol Psychol 88:37–40PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan E, Fein D, Morris R, Delis DC (1991) WAIS-R: manual. Psychological corporation, San Antonio Kaplan E, Fein D, Morris R, Delis DC (1991) WAIS-R: manual. Psychological corporation, San Antonio
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Salzano FM, Bortolini MC (2002) The evolution and genetics of Latin American populations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Salzano FM, Bortolini MC (2002) The evolution and genetics of Latin American populations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Zembrzuski VM, Callegari-Jacques SM, Hutz MH (2006) Application of an African Ancestry Index as a genomic control approach in a Brazilian population. Ann Hum Genet 70:822–828PubMedCrossRef Zembrzuski VM, Callegari-Jacques SM, Hutz MH (2006) Application of an African Ancestry Index as a genomic control approach in a Brazilian population. Ann Hum Genet 70:822–828PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Santos NP, Ribeiro-Rodrigues EM, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos AK, Pereira R, Gusmão L, Amorim A, Guerreiro JF, Zago MA, Matte C, Hutz MH, Santos SE (2010) Assessing individual interethnic admixture and population substructure using a 48-insertion-deletion (insel) ancestry-informative marker (aim) panel. Hum Mutat 31:184–190PubMedCrossRef Santos NP, Ribeiro-Rodrigues EM, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos AK, Pereira R, Gusmão L, Amorim A, Guerreiro JF, Zago MA, Matte C, Hutz MH, Santos SE (2010) Assessing individual interethnic admixture and population substructure using a 48-insertion-deletion (insel) ancestry-informative marker (aim) panel. Hum Mutat 31:184–190PubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Hutchison KE, Stallings M, McGeary J, Bryan A (2004) Population stratification in the candidate gene study: fatal threat or red herring? Psychol Bull 130:66–79PubMedCrossRef Hutchison KE, Stallings M, McGeary J, Bryan A (2004) Population stratification in the candidate gene study: fatal threat or red herring? Psychol Bull 130:66–79PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Mercadante MT, Asbahar F, Rosário MC, Ayres AM, Karman L, Ferrari MC, Assumpcão FB, Miguel EC (1995) K-SADS, entrevista semi-estruturada para diagnóstico em psiquiatria da infância, versão epidemiológica. FMUSP, São Paulo Mercadante MT, Asbahar F, Rosário MC, Ayres AM, Karman L, Ferrari MC, Assumpcão FB, Miguel EC (1995) K-SADS, entrevista semi-estruturada para diagnóstico em psiquiatria da infância, versão epidemiológica. FMUSP, São Paulo
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Grevet EH, Bau CH (2005) Interrater reliability for diagnosis in adults of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder using K-SADS-E. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 63:307–310PubMedCrossRef Grevet EH, Bau CH (2005) Interrater reliability for diagnosis in adults of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder using K-SADS-E. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 63:307–310PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JB (1998) Structured clinical interview for DSMIV (SCID-I). Biomedics Research Department, New York First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JB (1998) Structured clinical interview for DSMIV (SCID-I). Biomedics Research Department, New York
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, Hergueta T, Baker R, Dunbar GC (1998) The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry 59(Suppl 20):22–33; quiz 34–57 Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, Hergueta T, Baker R, Dunbar GC (1998) The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry 59(Suppl 20):22–33; quiz 34–57
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Wechsler D (1981) WAIS-R—Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised. The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio Wechsler D (1981) WAIS-R—Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised. The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Swanson JM (1992) School-based assessments and interventions for ADD students. KC Publishing, Irvine Swanson JM (1992) School-based assessments and interventions for ADD students. KC Publishing, Irvine
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Barkley RA, Murphy KR (1998) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a clinical workbook, vol 2. The Guilford Press, New York Barkley RA, Murphy KR (1998) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a clinical workbook, vol 2. The Guilford Press, New York
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Grevet EH, Bau CH, Salgado CA, Ficher A, Kalil K, Victor MM, Garcia C, Sousa NO, Belmonte-de-Abreu P (2006) Lack of gender effects on subtype outcomes in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: support for the validity of subtypes. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 256:311–319PubMedCrossRef Grevet EH, Bau CH, Salgado CA, Ficher A, Kalil K, Victor MM, Garcia C, Sousa NO, Belmonte-de-Abreu P (2006) Lack of gender effects on subtype outcomes in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: support for the validity of subtypes. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 256:311–319PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Fischer AG, Bau CH, Grevet EH, Salgado CA, Victor MM, Kalil KL, Sousa NO, Garcia CR, Belmonte-de-Abreu P (2007) The role of comorbid major depressive disorder in the clinical presentation of adult ADHD. J Psychiatr Res 41:991–996PubMedCrossRef Fischer AG, Bau CH, Grevet EH, Salgado CA, Victor MM, Kalil KL, Sousa NO, Garcia CR, Belmonte-de-Abreu P (2007) The role of comorbid major depressive disorder in the clinical presentation of adult ADHD. J Psychiatr Res 41:991–996PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Contini V, Victor MM, Cerqueira CC, Polina ER, Grevet EH, Salgado CA, Karam RG, Vitola ES, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Bau CH (2011) Adrenergic α2A receptor gene is not associated with methylphenidate response in adults with ADHD. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 261:205–211PubMedCrossRef Contini V, Victor MM, Cerqueira CC, Polina ER, Grevet EH, Salgado CA, Karam RG, Vitola ES, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Bau CH (2011) Adrenergic α2A receptor gene is not associated with methylphenidate response in adults with ADHD. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 261:205–211PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Karam RG, Bau CH, Salgado CA, Kalil KL, Victor MM, Sousa NO, Vitola ES, Picon FA, Zeni GD, Rohde LA, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Grevet EH (2009) Late-onset ADHD in adults: milder, but still dysfunctional. J Psychiatr Res 43:697–701PubMedCrossRef Karam RG, Bau CH, Salgado CA, Kalil KL, Victor MM, Sousa NO, Vitola ES, Picon FA, Zeni GD, Rohde LA, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Grevet EH (2009) Late-onset ADHD in adults: milder, but still dysfunctional. J Psychiatr Res 43:697–701PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Lahiri DK, Nurnberger JI Jr (1991) A rapid non-enzymatic method for the preparation of HMW DNA from blood for RFLP studies. Nucleic Acids Res 19:5444PubMedCrossRef Lahiri DK, Nurnberger JI Jr (1991) A rapid non-enzymatic method for the preparation of HMW DNA from blood for RFLP studies. Nucleic Acids Res 19:5444PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Sousa NO, Grevet EH, Salgado CA, Silva KL, Victor MM, Karam RG, Vitola ES, Picon FA, Zeni GD, Rohde LA, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Bau CH (2011) Smoking and ADHD: an evaluation of self medication and behavioral disinhibition models based on comorbidity and personality patterns. J Psychiatr Res 6:829–834CrossRef Sousa NO, Grevet EH, Salgado CA, Silva KL, Victor MM, Karam RG, Vitola ES, Picon FA, Zeni GD, Rohde LA, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Bau CH (2011) Smoking and ADHD: an evaluation of self medication and behavioral disinhibition models based on comorbidity and personality patterns. J Psychiatr Res 6:829–834CrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Cole J, Ball HA, Martin NC, Scourfield J, McGuffin P (2009) Genetic overlap between measures of hyperactivity/inattention and mood in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 11:1094–1101CrossRef Cole J, Ball HA, Martin NC, Scourfield J, McGuffin P (2009) Genetic overlap between measures of hyperactivity/inattention and mood in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 11:1094–1101CrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Blase SL, Gilbert AN, Anastopoulos AD, Costello EJ, Hoyle RH, Swartzwelder HS, Rabiner DL (2009) Self-reported ADHD and adjustment in college: cross-sectional and longitudinal findings. J Attend Disord 3:297–309CrossRef Blase SL, Gilbert AN, Anastopoulos AD, Costello EJ, Hoyle RH, Swartzwelder HS, Rabiner DL (2009) Self-reported ADHD and adjustment in college: cross-sectional and longitudinal findings. J Attend Disord 3:297–309CrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Purper-Ouakil D, Franc N (2011) Emotional dysfunctions in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Arch Pediatr 6:679–685CrossRef Purper-Ouakil D, Franc N (2011) Emotional dysfunctions in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Arch Pediatr 6:679–685CrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Le Menuet D, Viengchareun S, Muffat-Joly M, Zennaro MC, Lombès M (2004) Expression and function of the human mineralocorticoid receptor: lessons from transgenic mouse models. Mol Cell Endocrinol 217:127–136PubMedCrossRef Le Menuet D, Viengchareun S, Muffat-Joly M, Zennaro MC, Lombès M (2004) Expression and function of the human mineralocorticoid receptor: lessons from transgenic mouse models. Mol Cell Endocrinol 217:127–136PubMedCrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Neale BM, Medland SE, Ripke S, Asherson P, Franke B, Lesch KP, Faraone SV, Nguyen TT, Schäfer H, Holmans P, Daly M, Steinhausen HC, Freitag C, Reif A, Renner TJ, Romanos M, Romanos J, Walitza S, Warnke A, Meyer J, Palmason H, Buitelaar J, Vasquez AA, Lambregts-Rommelse N, Gill M, Anney RJ, Langely K, O’Donovan M, Williams N, Owen M, Thapar A, Kent L, Sergeant J, Roeyers H, Mick E, Biederman J, Doyle A, Smalley S, Loo S, Hakonarson H, Elia J, Todorov A, Miranda A, Mulas F, Ebstein RP, Rothenberger A, Banaschewski T, Oades RD, Sonuga-Barke E, McGough J, Nisenbaum L, Middleton F, Hu X, Nelson S; Psychiatric GWAS Consortium: ADHD Subgroup (2010) Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49:884–897 Neale BM, Medland SE, Ripke S, Asherson P, Franke B, Lesch KP, Faraone SV, Nguyen TT, Schäfer H, Holmans P, Daly M, Steinhausen HC, Freitag C, Reif A, Renner TJ, Romanos M, Romanos J, Walitza S, Warnke A, Meyer J, Palmason H, Buitelaar J, Vasquez AA, Lambregts-Rommelse N, Gill M, Anney RJ, Langely K, O’Donovan M, Williams N, Owen M, Thapar A, Kent L, Sergeant J, Roeyers H, Mick E, Biederman J, Doyle A, Smalley S, Loo S, Hakonarson H, Elia J, Todorov A, Miranda A, Mulas F, Ebstein RP, Rothenberger A, Banaschewski T, Oades RD, Sonuga-Barke E, McGough J, Nisenbaum L, Middleton F, Hu X, Nelson S; Psychiatric GWAS Consortium: ADHD Subgroup (2010) Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49:884–897
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Pan Y, Wang KS, Aragam N (2011) Ntm and nr3c2 polymorphisms influencing intelligence: Family-based association studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 35:154–160PubMedCrossRef Pan Y, Wang KS, Aragam N (2011) Ntm and nr3c2 polymorphisms influencing intelligence: Family-based association studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 35:154–160PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Berrettini W, Yuan X, Tozzi F, Song K, Francks C, Chilcoat H, Waterworth D, Muglia P, Mooser V (2008) Alpha-5/alpha-3 nicotinic receptor subunit alleles increase risk for heavy smoking. Mol Psychiatry 13:368–373PubMedCrossRef Berrettini W, Yuan X, Tozzi F, Song K, Francks C, Chilcoat H, Waterworth D, Muglia P, Mooser V (2008) Alpha-5/alpha-3 nicotinic receptor subunit alleles increase risk for heavy smoking. Mol Psychiatry 13:368–373PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw P, Gilliam M, Liverpool M, Weddle C, Malek M, Sharp W, Greenstein D, Evans A, Rapoport J, Giedd J (2011) Cortical development in typically developing children with symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity: support for a dimensional view of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 168:143–151PubMedCrossRef Shaw P, Gilliam M, Liverpool M, Weddle C, Malek M, Sharp W, Greenstein D, Evans A, Rapoport J, Giedd J (2011) Cortical development in typically developing children with symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity: support for a dimensional view of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 168:143–151PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Lubke GH, Hudziak JJ, Derks EM, van Bijsterveldt TC, Boomsma DI (2009) Maternal ratings of attention problems in ADHD: evidence for the existence of a continuum. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 48:1085–1093PubMedCrossRef Lubke GH, Hudziak JJ, Derks EM, van Bijsterveldt TC, Boomsma DI (2009) Maternal ratings of attention problems in ADHD: evidence for the existence of a continuum. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 48:1085–1093PubMedCrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Polderman TJ, Derks EM, Hudziak JJ, Verhulst FC, Posthuma D, Boomsma DI (2007) Across the continuum of attention skills: a twin study of the SWAN ADHD rating scale. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48:1080–1087PubMedCrossRef Polderman TJ, Derks EM, Hudziak JJ, Verhulst FC, Posthuma D, Boomsma DI (2007) Across the continuum of attention skills: a twin study of the SWAN ADHD rating scale. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48:1080–1087PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat El Hage W, Powell JF, Surguladze SA (2009) Vulnerability to depression: what is the role of stress genes in gene x environment interaction? Psychol Med 39:1407–1411PubMedCrossRef El Hage W, Powell JF, Surguladze SA (2009) Vulnerability to depression: what is the role of stress genes in gene x environment interaction? Psychol Med 39:1407–1411PubMedCrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Gillespie CF, Phifer J, Bradley B, Ressler KJ (2009) Risk and resilience: genetic and environmental influences on development of the stress response. Depress Anxiety 26:984–992PubMedCrossRef Gillespie CF, Phifer J, Bradley B, Ressler KJ (2009) Risk and resilience: genetic and environmental influences on development of the stress response. Depress Anxiety 26:984–992PubMedCrossRef
66.
Zurück zum Zitat van Leeuwen N, Bellingrath S, de Kloet ER, Zitman FG, DeRijk RH, Kudielka BM, Wüst S (2011) Human mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) gene haplotypes modulate MR expression and transactivation: implication for the stress response. Psychoneuroendocrinology 5:699–709CrossRef van Leeuwen N, Bellingrath S, de Kloet ER, Zitman FG, DeRijk RH, Kudielka BM, Wüst S (2011) Human mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) gene haplotypes modulate MR expression and transactivation: implication for the stress response. Psychoneuroendocrinology 5:699–709CrossRef
67.
Zurück zum Zitat van Leeuwen N, Kumsta R, Entringer S, de Kloet ER, Zitman FG, DeRijk RH, Wüst S (2010) Functional mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) gene variation influences the cortisol awakening response after dexamethasone. Psychoneuroendocrinology 35:339–349PubMedCrossRef van Leeuwen N, Kumsta R, Entringer S, de Kloet ER, Zitman FG, DeRijk RH, Wüst S (2010) Functional mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) gene variation influences the cortisol awakening response after dexamethasone. Psychoneuroendocrinology 35:339–349PubMedCrossRef
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Kebir O, Joober R (2011) Neuropsychological endophenotypes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review of genetic association studies. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 261:583–594PubMedCrossRef Kebir O, Joober R (2011) Neuropsychological endophenotypes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review of genetic association studies. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 261:583–594PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
The role of a mineralocorticoid receptor gene functional polymorphism in the symptom dimensions of persistent ADHD
verfasst von
Gustavo Lucena Kortmann
Verônica Contini
Guilherme Pinto Bertuzzi
Nina Roth Mota
Diego Luiz Rovaris
Vanessa Rodrigues Paixão-Côrtes
Leandro Leal de Lima
Eugenio Horacio Grevet
Carlos Alberto Iglesias Salgado
Eduardo Schneider Vitola
Luis Augusto Rohde
Paulo Belmonte-de-Abreu
Claiton Henrique Dotto Bau
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2013
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience / Ausgabe 3/2013
Print ISSN: 0940-1334
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-8491
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-012-0321-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2013

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 3/2013 Zur Ausgabe

Demenzkranke durch Antipsychotika vielfach gefährdet

23.04.2024 Demenz Nachrichten

Wenn Demenzkranke aufgrund von Symptomen wie Agitation oder Aggressivität mit Antipsychotika behandelt werden, sind damit offenbar noch mehr Risiken verbunden als bislang angenommen.

Weniger postpartale Depressionen nach Esketamin-Einmalgabe

Bislang gibt es kein Medikament zur Prävention von Wochenbettdepressionen. Das Injektionsanästhetikum Esketamin könnte womöglich diese Lücke füllen.

„Psychotherapie ist auch bei sehr alten Menschen hochwirksam!“

22.04.2024 DGIM 2024 Kongressbericht

Die Kombination aus Medikamenten und Psychotherapie gilt als effektivster Ansatz bei Depressionen. Das ist bei betagten Menschen nicht anders, trotz Besonderheiten.

Auf diese Krankheiten bei Geflüchteten sollten Sie vorbereitet sein

22.04.2024 DGIM 2024 Nachrichten

Um Menschen nach der Flucht aus einem Krisengebiet bestmöglich medizinisch betreuen zu können, ist es gut zu wissen, welche Erkrankungen im jeweiligen Herkunftsland häufig sind. Dabei hilft eine Internetseite der CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).

Update Psychiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.