Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 1/2010

01.02.2010 | Leitthema

Ovarielle Protektion unter Chemotherapie durch GnRH-Agonisten

To do or not to do so?

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. B. Gerber, M. Dieterich

Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie | Ausgabe 1/2010

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die verbesserte Therapie von Patientinnen mit Brustkrebs und Malignomen generell hat zu einem verbesserten Gesamtüberleben geführt. Andererseits führt die chemotherapieinduzierte Amenorrhö (CIA) zu Infertilität und vorzeitiger Ovarialinsuffizienz. Gegenwärtig gibt es keine evidenzbasierten Empfehlungen für die Erhaltung der Fertilität bzw. der Ovarialfunktion bei Krebspatientinnen. Außer der Kryokonservierung von Embryonen sind alle anderen Verfahren experimentell. Die Ergebnisse einiger qualitativ unzureichender Beobachtungsstudien haben nahegelegt, dass GnRH-Agonisten eine CIA bei Patientinnen mit Brustkrebs und anderen Malignomen verhindern könnten. Bis heute wissen wir nicht, wie die GnRH-Agonisten ihre ovarprotektive Wirkung entfalten sollen. Gegenwärtig haben wir Ergebnisse aus randomisierten klinischen Studien, wonach GnRH nicht zur Vermeidung der CIA beitragen. Die meisten Patientinnen fangen innerhalb der ersten 6 Monate nach Chemotherapie wieder an zu menstruieren. Darunter sind nahezu alle „sehr jungen“ Patientinnen, bei denen Kinderwunsch besteht. Über einen längeren Zeitraum steigt die Rate der wieder menstruierenden Frauen weiter an. Zusammenfassend kann derzeit keine Ovarprotektion mit GnRH-Analoga während einer Chemotherapie empfohlen werden.
Fußnoten
1
ASCO 2009,# 526.
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat SEER (2009) Breast cancer incidence and mortality.http://www.seer.cancer.gov/ SEER (2009) Breast cancer incidence and mortality.http://​www.​seer.​cancer.​gov/​
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Anders CK, Hsu DS, Broadwater G et al (2008) Young age at diagnosis correlates with worse prognosis and defines a subset of breast cancers with shared patterns of gene expression. J Clin Oncol 26:3324–3330CrossRefPubMed Anders CK, Hsu DS, Broadwater G et al (2008) Young age at diagnosis correlates with worse prognosis and defines a subset of breast cancers with shared patterns of gene expression. J Clin Oncol 26:3324–3330CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat EBCTCG (2005) Effects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 365:1687–1717CrossRef EBCTCG (2005) Effects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 365:1687–1717CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat EBCTCG (2008) Adjuvant chemotherapy in oestrogen-receptor-poor breast cancer: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet 371:29–40CrossRef EBCTCG (2008) Adjuvant chemotherapy in oestrogen-receptor-poor breast cancer: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet 371:29–40CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Walshe JM, Denduluri N, Swain SM (2006) Amenorrhea in premenopausal women after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 24:5769–5779CrossRefPubMed Walshe JM, Denduluri N, Swain SM (2006) Amenorrhea in premenopausal women after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 24:5769–5779CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee SJ, Schover LR, Partridge AH et al (2006) American Society of Clinical Oncology recommendations on fertility preservation in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 24:2917–2931CrossRefPubMed Lee SJ, Schover LR, Partridge AH et al (2006) American Society of Clinical Oncology recommendations on fertility preservation in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 24:2917–2931CrossRefPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Schover LR (2008) Premature ovarian failure and its consequences: vasomotor symptoms, sexuality, and fertility. J Clin Oncol 26:753–758CrossRefPubMed Schover LR (2008) Premature ovarian failure and its consequences: vasomotor symptoms, sexuality, and fertility. J Clin Oncol 26:753–758CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Falcone T, Attaran M, Bedaiwy MA et al (2004) Ovarian function preservation in the cancer patient. Fertil Steril 81:243–257CrossRefPubMed Falcone T, Attaran M, Bedaiwy MA et al (2004) Ovarian function preservation in the cancer patient. Fertil Steril 81:243–257CrossRefPubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Ataya KM, Palmer KC, Blacker CM et al (1988) Inhibition of rat ovarian [3H]thymidine uptake by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists: a possible mechanism for preventing damage by cytotoxic agents. Cancer Res 48:7252–7256PubMed Ataya KM, Palmer KC, Blacker CM et al (1988) Inhibition of rat ovarian [3H]thymidine uptake by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists: a possible mechanism for preventing damage by cytotoxic agents. Cancer Res 48:7252–7256PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Meirow D (2000) Reproduction post-chemotherapy in young cancer patients. Mol Cell Endocrinol 169:123–131CrossRefPubMed Meirow D (2000) Reproduction post-chemotherapy in young cancer patients. Mol Cell Endocrinol 169:123–131CrossRefPubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Chemaitilly W, Mertens AC, Mitby P et al (2006) Acute ovarian failure in the childhood cancer survivor study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:1723–1728CrossRefPubMed Chemaitilly W, Mertens AC, Mitby P et al (2006) Acute ovarian failure in the childhood cancer survivor study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:1723–1728CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Sklar CA, Mertens AC, Mitby P et al (2006) Premature menopause in survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. J Natl Cancer Inst 98:890–896PubMedCrossRef Sklar CA, Mertens AC, Mitby P et al (2006) Premature menopause in survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. J Natl Cancer Inst 98:890–896PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Petrek JA, Naughton MJ, Case LD et al (2006) Incidence, time course, and determinants of menstrual bleeding after breast cancer treatment: a prospective study. J Clin Oncol 24:1045–1051CrossRefPubMed Petrek JA, Naughton MJ, Case LD et al (2006) Incidence, time course, and determinants of menstrual bleeding after breast cancer treatment: a prospective study. J Clin Oncol 24:1045–1051CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Muller H (1990) Effects of adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer on gonadal function. Zentralbl Gynakol 112:795–801PubMed Muller H (1990) Effects of adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer on gonadal function. Zentralbl Gynakol 112:795–801PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Gerber B, Dieterich M, Muller H et al (2008) Controversies in preservation of ovary function and fertility in patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 108:1–7CrossRefPubMed Gerber B, Dieterich M, Muller H et al (2008) Controversies in preservation of ovary function and fertility in patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 108:1–7CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Fornier MN, Modi S, Panageas KS et al (2005) Incidence of chemotherapy-induced, long-term amenorrhea in patients with breast carcinoma age 40 years and younger after adjuvant anthracycline and taxane. Cancer 104:1575–1579CrossRefPubMed Fornier MN, Modi S, Panageas KS et al (2005) Incidence of chemotherapy-induced, long-term amenorrhea in patients with breast carcinoma age 40 years and younger after adjuvant anthracycline and taxane. Cancer 104:1575–1579CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Pritchard KI (2002) Adjuvant therapy for premenopausal women with breast cancer: is it time for another paradigm shift? J Clin Oncol 20:4611–4614PubMed Pritchard KI (2002) Adjuvant therapy for premenopausal women with breast cancer: is it time for another paradigm shift? J Clin Oncol 20:4611–4614PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Gnant M, Greil R, Kubista E et al (2006) The impact of treatment-induced amenorrhea on survival of premenopausal patients with endocrine-responsive breast cancer: 10-year result of ABCSG-05 (CMF vs. goserelin + tamoxifen). Breast Cancer Res Treat 100 (Suppl 1):S10 Gnant M, Greil R, Kubista E et al (2006) The impact of treatment-induced amenorrhea on survival of premenopausal patients with endocrine-responsive breast cancer: 10-year result of ABCSG-05 (CMF vs. goserelin + tamoxifen). Breast Cancer Res Treat 100 (Suppl 1):S10
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Cuzick J, Ambroisine L, Davidson N et al (2007) Use of luteinising-hormone-releasing hormone agonists as adjuvant treatment in premenopausal patients with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised adjuvant trials. Lancet 369:1711–1723CrossRefPubMed Cuzick J, Ambroisine L, Davidson N et al (2007) Use of luteinising-hormone-releasing hormone agonists as adjuvant treatment in premenopausal patients with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised adjuvant trials. Lancet 369:1711–1723CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Jonat W, Kaufmann M, Sauerbrei W et al (2002) Goserelin versus cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil as adjuvant therapy in premenopausal patients with node-positive breast cancer: The Zoladex Early Breast Cancer Research Association Study. J Clin Oncol 20:4628–4635CrossRefPubMed Jonat W, Kaufmann M, Sauerbrei W et al (2002) Goserelin versus cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil as adjuvant therapy in premenopausal patients with node-positive breast cancer: The Zoladex Early Breast Cancer Research Association Study. J Clin Oncol 20:4628–4635CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Borde F, Chapelle-Marcilac IFP, Hery M et al (2003) Role of chemo-induced amenorrhea in premenopausale, node-positive, operable breast cancer patients: 9-year follow-up results of French Adjuvant Study Group (FASG) data base. Breast Cancer Res Treat 82 (Suppl 1):30 Borde F, Chapelle-Marcilac IFP, Hery M et al (2003) Role of chemo-induced amenorrhea in premenopausale, node-positive, operable breast cancer patients: 9-year follow-up results of French Adjuvant Study Group (FASG) data base. Breast Cancer Res Treat 82 (Suppl 1):30
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Blumenfeld Z (2007) How to preserve fertility in young women exposed to chemotherapy? The role of GnRH agonist cotreatment in addition to cryopreservation of embrya, oocytes, or ovaries. Oncologist 12:1044–1054CrossRefPubMed Blumenfeld Z (2007) How to preserve fertility in young women exposed to chemotherapy? The role of GnRH agonist cotreatment in addition to cryopreservation of embrya, oocytes, or ovaries. Oncologist 12:1044–1054CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Ataya K, Rao LV, Lawrence E et al (1995) Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist inhibits cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian follicular depletion in rhesus monkeys. Biol Reprod 52:365–372CrossRefPubMed Ataya K, Rao LV, Lawrence E et al (1995) Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist inhibits cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian follicular depletion in rhesus monkeys. Biol Reprod 52:365–372CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Sonmezer M, Oktay K (2006) Fertility preservation in young women undergoing breast cancer therapy. Oncologist 11:422–434CrossRefPubMed Sonmezer M, Oktay K (2006) Fertility preservation in young women undergoing breast cancer therapy. Oncologist 11:422–434CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Blumenfeld Z, Wolff M von (2008) GnRH-analogues and oral contraceptives for fertility preservation in women during chemotherapy. Hum Reprod Update 14:543–552CrossRefPubMed Blumenfeld Z, Wolff M von (2008) GnRH-analogues and oral contraceptives for fertility preservation in women during chemotherapy. Hum Reprod Update 14:543–552CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Beck-Fruchter R, Weiss A, Shalev E (2008) GnRH agonist therapy as ovarian protectants in female patients undergoing chemotherapy: a review of the clinical data. Hum Reprod Update 14:553–561CrossRefPubMed Beck-Fruchter R, Weiss A, Shalev E (2008) GnRH agonist therapy as ovarian protectants in female patients undergoing chemotherapy: a review of the clinical data. Hum Reprod Update 14:553–561CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Recchia F, Saggio G, Amiconi G et al (2006) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues added to adjuvant chemotherapy protect ovarian function and improve clinical outcomes in young women with early breast carcinoma. Cancer 106:514–523CrossRefPubMed Recchia F, Saggio G, Amiconi G et al (2006) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues added to adjuvant chemotherapy protect ovarian function and improve clinical outcomes in young women with early breast carcinoma. Cancer 106:514–523CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Fox K, Scialla J, Moore H (2003) Preventing chemotherapy-related amenorrhea using leuprolide during adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:13 Fox K, Scialla J, Moore H (2003) Preventing chemotherapy-related amenorrhea using leuprolide during adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:13
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Del Mastro L, Catzeddu T, Boni L et al (2006) Prevention of chemotherapy-induced menopause by temporary ovarian suppression with goserelin in young, early breast cancer patients. Ann Oncol 17:74–78 Del Mastro L, Catzeddu T, Boni L et al (2006) Prevention of chemotherapy-induced menopause by temporary ovarian suppression with goserelin in young, early breast cancer patients. Ann Oncol 17:74–78
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Urruticoechea A, Arnedos M, Walsh G et al (2008) Ovarian protection with goserelin during adjuvant chemotherapy for pre-menopausal women with early breast cancer (EBC). Breast Cancer Res Treat 110:411–416CrossRefPubMed Urruticoechea A, Arnedos M, Walsh G et al (2008) Ovarian protection with goserelin during adjuvant chemotherapy for pre-menopausal women with early breast cancer (EBC). Breast Cancer Res Treat 110:411–416CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Badawy A, Elnashar A, El Ashry M et al (2009) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists for prevention of chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage: prospective randomized study. Fertil Steril 91:694–697CrossRefPubMed Badawy A, Elnashar A, El Ashry M et al (2009) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists for prevention of chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage: prospective randomized study. Fertil Steril 91:694–697CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Ismail-Khan R, Minton S, Cox C et al (2008) Preservation of ovarian function in young women treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: A randomized trial using the GNRH agonist (triptorelin) during chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 26 (Suppl 1):12 s (Abstr. 524) Ismail-Khan R, Minton S, Cox C et al (2008) Preservation of ovarian function in young women treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: A randomized trial using the GNRH agonist (triptorelin) during chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 26 (Suppl 1):12 s (Abstr. 524)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Bernhard J, Zahrieh D, Castiglione-Gertsch M et al (2007) Adjuvant chemotherapy followed by goserelin compared with either modality alone: the impact on amenorrhea, hot flashes, and quality of life in premenopausal patients – the International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial VIII. J Clin Oncol 25:263–270CrossRefPubMed Bernhard J, Zahrieh D, Castiglione-Gertsch M et al (2007) Adjuvant chemotherapy followed by goserelin compared with either modality alone: the impact on amenorrhea, hot flashes, and quality of life in premenopausal patients – the International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial VIII. J Clin Oncol 25:263–270CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Han HS, Ro J, Lee KS et al (2009) Analysis of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea rates by three different anthracycline and taxane containing regimens for early breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 115:335–342CrossRefPubMed Han HS, Ro J, Lee KS et al (2009) Analysis of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea rates by three different anthracycline and taxane containing regimens for early breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 115:335–342CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Anders C, Marcom PK, Peterson B et al (2008) A pilot study of predictive markers of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea among premenopausal women with early stage breast cancer. Cancer Invest 26:286–295CrossRefPubMed Anders C, Marcom PK, Peterson B et al (2008) A pilot study of predictive markers of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea among premenopausal women with early stage breast cancer. Cancer Invest 26:286–295CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Lutchman SK, Muttukrishna S, Stein RC et al (2007) Predictors of ovarian reserve in young women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 96:1808–1816CrossRef Lutchman SK, Muttukrishna S, Stein RC et al (2007) Predictors of ovarian reserve in young women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 96:1808–1816CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Ovarielle Protektion unter Chemotherapie durch GnRH-Agonisten
To do or not to do so?
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. B. Gerber
M. Dieterich
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Gynäkologische Endokrinologie / Ausgabe 1/2010
Print ISSN: 1610-2894
Elektronische ISSN: 1610-2908
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-009-0328-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2010

Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 1/2010 Zur Ausgabe

Arzneimitteltherapie

Depression und Östrogene

Hirsutismus bei PCOS: Laser- und Lichttherapien helfen

26.04.2024 Hirsutismus Nachrichten

Laser- und Lichtbehandlungen können bei Frauen mit polyzystischem Ovarialsyndrom (PCOS) den übermäßigen Haarwuchs verringern und das Wohlbefinden verbessern – bei alleiniger Anwendung oder in Kombination mit Medikamenten.

ICI-Therapie in der Schwangerschaft wird gut toleriert

Müssen sich Schwangere einer Krebstherapie unterziehen, rufen Immuncheckpointinhibitoren offenbar nicht mehr unerwünschte Wirkungen hervor als andere Mittel gegen Krebs.

Weniger postpartale Depressionen nach Esketamin-Einmalgabe

Bislang gibt es kein Medikament zur Prävention von Wochenbettdepressionen. Das Injektionsanästhetikum Esketamin könnte womöglich diese Lücke füllen.

Bei RSV-Impfung vor 60. Lebensjahr über Off-Label-Gebrauch aufklären!

22.04.2024 DGIM 2024 Kongressbericht

Durch die Häufung nach der COVID-19-Pandemie sind Infektionen mit dem Respiratorischen Synzytial-Virus (RSV) in den Fokus gerückt. Fachgesellschaften empfehlen eine Impfung inzwischen nicht nur für Säuglinge und Kleinkinder.

Update Gynäkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.