Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Pain and Headache Reports 6/2020

01.06.2020 | Other Pain (AD Kaye and N Vadivelu, Section Editors)

A Comprehensive Review of the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

verfasst von: Leena Adamian, Ivan Urits, Vwaire Orhurhu, Dylan Hoyt, Rebecca Driessen, John A. Freeman, Alan D. Kaye, Rachel J. Kaye, Andrew J. Garcia, Elyse M. Cornett, Omar Viswanath

Erschienen in: Current Pain and Headache Reports | Ausgabe 6/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) is a chronic, noncyclic pain condition which can lead to significant patient morbidity and disability. It is defined by pain in the pelvic region, lasting for greater than 3 to 6 months, with no readily identifiable disease process. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive update of diagnosis and treatment of UCPPS.

Recent Findings

UCPPS encompasses chronic pelvic pain syndrome or chronic prostatitis (CP/CPPS) in men and interstitial cystitis or painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) in women. Underlying inflammatory, immunologic, and neuropathic components have been implicated in the pathogenesis of UCPPS.

Summary

For optimal patient management, an individualized and multimodal approach is recommended. Medical management and physical therapy are the mainstays of treatment. Injection therapy may offer additional relief in medically refractory patients. Further minimally invasive management may include spinal cord and peripheral nerve stimulation, though evidence supporting efficacy is limited.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Fall M, Baranowski AP, Fowler CJ, Lepinard V, Malone-Lee JG, Messelink EJ, et al. EAU guidelines on chronic pelvic pain. Eur Urol. 2004;46(6):681–9.PubMedCrossRef Fall M, Baranowski AP, Fowler CJ, Lepinard V, Malone-Lee JG, Messelink EJ, et al. EAU guidelines on chronic pelvic pain. Eur Urol. 2004;46(6):681–9.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Krieger JN, Nyberg L, Nickel JC. NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis. JAMA. 1999;282(3):236–7.PubMedCrossRef Krieger JN, Nyberg L, Nickel JC. NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis. JAMA. 1999;282(3):236–7.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Abrams P, Baranowski A, Berger RE, Fall M, Hanno P, Wesselmann U. A new classification is needed for pelvic pain syndromes—are existing terminologies of spurious diagnostic authority bad for patients? J Urol. 2006;175(6):1989–90.PubMedCrossRef Abrams P, Baranowski A, Berger RE, Fall M, Hanno P, Wesselmann U. A new classification is needed for pelvic pain syndromes—are existing terminologies of spurious diagnostic authority bad for patients? J Urol. 2006;175(6):1989–90.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Doggweiler R, Whitmore KE, Meijlink JM, Drake MJ, Frawley H, Nordling J, et al. A standard for terminology in chronic pelvic pain syndromes: a report from the chronic pelvic pain working group of the international continence society. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(4):984–1008.PubMedCrossRef Doggweiler R, Whitmore KE, Meijlink JM, Drake MJ, Frawley H, Nordling J, et al. A standard for terminology in chronic pelvic pain syndromes: a report from the chronic pelvic pain working group of the international continence society. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(4):984–1008.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat van de Merwe JP, Nordling J, Bouchelouche P, Bouchelouche K, Cervigni M, Daha LK, et al. Diagnostic criteria, classification, and nomenclature for painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis: an ESSIC proposal. Eur Urol. 2008;53(1):60–7.PubMedCrossRef van de Merwe JP, Nordling J, Bouchelouche P, Bouchelouche K, Cervigni M, Daha LK, et al. Diagnostic criteria, classification, and nomenclature for painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis: an ESSIC proposal. Eur Urol. 2008;53(1):60–7.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang CC, Miller JL, Omidpanah A, Krieger JN. Physical examination for men and women with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a MAPP (Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain) Network Study. Urology. 2018;116:23–9.PubMedCrossRef Yang CC, Miller JL, Omidpanah A, Krieger JN. Physical examination for men and women with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a MAPP (Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain) Network Study. Urology. 2018;116:23–9.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Passavanti MB, Pota V, Sansone P, Aurilio C, De Nardis L, Pace MC. Chronic pelvic pain: assessment, evaluation, and objectivation. Pain Res Treat. 2017;2017:9472925.PubMedPubMedCentral Passavanti MB, Pota V, Sansone P, Aurilio C, De Nardis L, Pace MC. Chronic pelvic pain: assessment, evaluation, and objectivation. Pain Res Treat. 2017;2017:9472925.PubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Wood N, Qureshi A, Mughal F. Positioning, telling, and performing a male illness: chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Br J Health Psychol. 2017;22(4):904–19.PubMedCrossRef Wood N, Qureshi A, Mughal F. Positioning, telling, and performing a male illness: chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Br J Health Psychol. 2017;22(4):904–19.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Tsai M-C, Kao L-T, Lin H-C, Lee C-Z, Chung S-D. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is associated with previous colonoscopy. Can Urol Assoc J. 2017;11(9):367.CrossRef Tsai M-C, Kao L-T, Lin H-C, Lee C-Z, Chung S-D. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is associated with previous colonoscopy. Can Urol Assoc J. 2017;11(9):367.CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee JH, Lee SW. Testosterone and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a propensity score-matched analysis. J Sex Med. 2016;13(7):1047–55.PubMedCrossRef Lee JH, Lee SW. Testosterone and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a propensity score-matched analysis. J Sex Med. 2016;13(7):1047–55.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Eller-Smith OC, Nicol AL, Christianson JA. Potential mechanisms underlying centralized pain and emerging therapeutic interventions. Front Cell Neurosci. 2018;12:35.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Eller-Smith OC, Nicol AL, Christianson JA. Potential mechanisms underlying centralized pain and emerging therapeutic interventions. Front Cell Neurosci. 2018;12:35.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Belanger GV, VerLee GT. Diagnosis and surgical management of male pelvic, inguinal, and testicular pain. Surg Clin North Am. 2016;96(3):593–613.PubMedCrossRef Belanger GV, VerLee GT. Diagnosis and surgical management of male pelvic, inguinal, and testicular pain. Surg Clin North Am. 2016;96(3):593–613.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Brünahl C, Dybowski C, Albrecht R, Riegel B, Höink J, Fisch M, et al. Mental disorders in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). J Psychosom Res. 2017;98:19–26.PubMedCrossRef Brünahl C, Dybowski C, Albrecht R, Riegel B, Höink J, Fisch M, et al. Mental disorders in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). J Psychosom Res. 2017;98:19–26.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Piontek K, Ketels G, Albrecht R, Schnurr U, Dybowski C, Brünahl CA, et al. Somatic and psychosocial determinants of symptom severity and quality of life in male and female patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J Psychosom Res. 2019;120:1–7.PubMedCrossRef Piontek K, Ketels G, Albrecht R, Schnurr U, Dybowski C, Brünahl CA, et al. Somatic and psychosocial determinants of symptom severity and quality of life in male and female patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J Psychosom Res. 2019;120:1–7.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Clemens JQ, Markossian T, Calhoun EA. Comparison of economic impact of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. Urology. 2009;73(4):743–6.PubMedCrossRef Clemens JQ, Markossian T, Calhoun EA. Comparison of economic impact of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. Urology. 2009;73(4):743–6.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Quaghebeur J, Wyndaele JJ, De Wachter S. Pain areas and mechanosensitivity in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a controlled clinical investigation. Scand J Urol. 2017;51(5):414–9.PubMedCrossRef Quaghebeur J, Wyndaele JJ, De Wachter S. Pain areas and mechanosensitivity in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a controlled clinical investigation. Scand J Urol. 2017;51(5):414–9.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Wadhwa V, Hamid AS, Kumar Y, Scott KM, Chhabra A. Pudendal nerve and branch neuropathy: magnetic resonance neurography evaluation. Acta Radiol. 2017;58(6):726–33.PubMedCrossRef Wadhwa V, Hamid AS, Kumar Y, Scott KM, Chhabra A. Pudendal nerve and branch neuropathy: magnetic resonance neurography evaluation. Acta Radiol. 2017;58(6):726–33.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Petrasic JR, Chhabra A, Scott KM. Impact of MR neurography in patients with chronic cauda equina syndrome presenting as chronic pelvic pain and dysfunction. Am J Neuroradiol. 2017;38(2):418–22.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral Petrasic JR, Chhabra A, Scott KM. Impact of MR neurography in patients with chronic cauda equina syndrome presenting as chronic pelvic pain and dysfunction. Am J Neuroradiol. 2017;38(2):418–22.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang C, Alabdulrahman H, Pape HC. Complications after percutaneous internal fixator for anterior pelvic ring injuries. Int Orthop. 2017;41(9):1785–90.PubMedCrossRef Fang C, Alabdulrahman H, Pape HC. Complications after percutaneous internal fixator for anterior pelvic ring injuries. Int Orthop. 2017;41(9):1785–90.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Sancak EB, Avci E, Erdogru T. Pudendal neuralgia after pelvic surgery using mesh: case reports and laparoscopic pudendal nerve decompression. Int J Urol. 2016;23(9):797–800.PubMedCrossRef Sancak EB, Avci E, Erdogru T. Pudendal neuralgia after pelvic surgery using mesh: case reports and laparoscopic pudendal nerve decompression. Int J Urol. 2016;23(9):797–800.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Feddern M-L, Jensen TS, Laurberg S. Chronic pain in the pelvic area or lower extremities after rectal cancer treatment and its impact on quality of life: a population-based cross-sectional study. Pain. 2015;156(9):1765–71.PubMedCrossRef Feddern M-L, Jensen TS, Laurberg S. Chronic pain in the pelvic area or lower extremities after rectal cancer treatment and its impact on quality of life: a population-based cross-sectional study. Pain. 2015;156(9):1765–71.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Brandsborg B. Pain following hysterectomy: epidemiological and clinical aspects. Dan Med J. 2012;59(1):B4374.PubMed Brandsborg B. Pain following hysterectomy: epidemiological and clinical aspects. Dan Med J. 2012;59(1):B4374.PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Senapati S, Atashroo D, Carey E, Dassel M, Tu MFF. Surgical interventions for chronic pelvic pain. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2016;28(4):290–6.PubMedCrossRef Senapati S, Atashroo D, Carey E, Dassel M, Tu MFF. Surgical interventions for chronic pelvic pain. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2016;28(4):290–6.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Khorasani B, Arab AM, Sedighi Gilani MA, Samadi V, Assadi H. Transabdominal ultrasound measurement of pelvic floor muscle mobility in men with and without chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology. 2012;80(3):673–7.PubMedCrossRef Khorasani B, Arab AM, Sedighi Gilani MA, Samadi V, Assadi H. Transabdominal ultrasound measurement of pelvic floor muscle mobility in men with and without chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology. 2012;80(3):673–7.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Breser ML, Salazar FC, Rivero VE, Motrich RD. Immunological mechanisms underlying chronic pelvic pain and prostate inflammation in chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Front Immunol. 2017;8(JUL):1–11. Breser ML, Salazar FC, Rivero VE, Motrich RD. Immunological mechanisms underlying chronic pelvic pain and prostate inflammation in chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Front Immunol. 2017;8(JUL):1–11.
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Dellabella M, Milanese G, Sigala S, D’Anzeo G, Arrighi N, Bodei S, et al. The role of the prostatic stroma in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Inflamm Res. 2009;58(12):829–36.PubMedCrossRef Dellabella M, Milanese G, Sigala S, D’Anzeo G, Arrighi N, Bodei S, et al. The role of the prostatic stroma in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Inflamm Res. 2009;58(12):829–36.PubMedCrossRef
28.
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Harris RE, Clauw DJ. Imaging central neurochemical alterations in chronic pain with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neurosci Lett. 2012;520(2):192–6.PubMedCrossRef Harris RE, Clauw DJ. Imaging central neurochemical alterations in chronic pain with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neurosci Lett. 2012;520(2):192–6.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang JP, Ding GF, Wang QZ. Interstitial cells of Cajal mediate excitatory sympathetic neurotransmission in guinea pig prostate. Cell Tissue Res. 2013;352(3):479–86.PubMedCrossRef Wang JP, Ding GF, Wang QZ. Interstitial cells of Cajal mediate excitatory sympathetic neurotransmission in guinea pig prostate. Cell Tissue Res. 2013;352(3):479–86.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Huang T, Yuan X. Detection and classification of various image operations using deep learning technology. In: 2018 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE. 2018;50–5. Huang T, Yuan X. Detection and classification of various image operations using deep learning technology. In: 2018 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE. 2018;50–5.
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang J, Zhang B, Jiao Y, Xu Z, Qian B, Wang Q. Involvement of prostatic interstitial cells of Cajal in inflammatory cytokines-elicited catecholamines production: implications for the pathophysiology of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;503(2):420–7.PubMedCrossRef Wang J, Zhang B, Jiao Y, Xu Z, Qian B, Wang Q. Involvement of prostatic interstitial cells of Cajal in inflammatory cytokines-elicited catecholamines production: implications for the pathophysiology of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;503(2):420–7.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Nickel JC, Stephens A, Landis JR, Chen J, Mullins C, Van Bokhoven A, et al. Search for microorganisms in men with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a culture-independent analysis in the MAPP research network. J Urol. 2015;194(1):127–35.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Nickel JC, Stephens A, Landis JR, Chen J, Mullins C, Van Bokhoven A, et al. Search for microorganisms in men with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a culture-independent analysis in the MAPP research network. J Urol. 2015;194(1):127–35.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Maixner W, Fillingim RB, Williams DA, Smith SB, Slade GD. Overlapping chronic pain conditions: implications for diagnosis and classification. J Pain. 2016;17(9):T93–107.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Maixner W, Fillingim RB, Williams DA, Smith SB, Slade GD. Overlapping chronic pain conditions: implications for diagnosis and classification. J Pain. 2016;17(9):T93–107.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Harper DE, Ichesco E, Schrepf A, Halvorson M, Puiu T, Clauw DJ, et al. Relationships between brain metabolite levels, functional connectivity, and negative mood in urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome patients compared to controls: a MAPP research network study. NeuroImage Clin. 2018;17(August 2017):570–8.PubMedCrossRef Harper DE, Ichesco E, Schrepf A, Halvorson M, Puiu T, Clauw DJ, et al. Relationships between brain metabolite levels, functional connectivity, and negative mood in urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome patients compared to controls: a MAPP research network study. NeuroImage Clin. 2018;17(August 2017):570–8.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Ihsan AU, Khan FU, Khongorzul P, Ahmad KA, Naveed M, Yasmeen S, et al. Role of oxidative stress in pathology of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and male infertility and antioxidants function in ameliorating oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;106:714–23.PubMedCrossRef Ihsan AU, Khan FU, Khongorzul P, Ahmad KA, Naveed M, Yasmeen S, et al. Role of oxidative stress in pathology of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and male infertility and antioxidants function in ameliorating oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;106:714–23.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Dewitt-Foy ME, Curtis Nickel J, Shoskes DA. Clinical consultation guide management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. 2019. Dewitt-Foy ME, Curtis Nickel J, Shoskes DA. Clinical consultation guide management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. 2019.
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Osório FL, Carolina Carvalho AF, Donadon MF, Moreno AL, Polli-Neto O. Chronic pelvic pain, psychiatric disorders and early emotional traumas: results of a cross sectional case-control study 2016;6(3):339–44. Osório FL, Carolina Carvalho AF, Donadon MF, Moreno AL, Polli-Neto O. Chronic pelvic pain, psychiatric disorders and early emotional traumas: results of a cross sectional case-control study 2016;6(3):339–44.
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Sutcliffe S, Jemielita T, Lai HH, Andriole GL, Bradley CS, Clemens JQ, Gallop R, Hooton TM, Kreder KJ, Krieger JN, Kusek JW, Labus J, Lucia MS, Mackey S, Naliboff BD, Robinson NA, Rodriguez L V, … Colditz GA. A case-crossover study of urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome flare triggers in the MAPP research network. J Urol. 2018;199(5):1245–51. Sutcliffe S, Jemielita T, Lai HH, Andriole GL, Bradley CS, Clemens JQ, Gallop R, Hooton TM, Kreder KJ, Krieger JN, Kusek JW, Labus J, Lucia MS, Mackey S, Naliboff BD, Robinson NA, Rodriguez L V, … Colditz GA. A case-crossover study of urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome flare triggers in the MAPP research network. J Urol. 2018;199(5):1245–51.
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Ploteau S, Cardaillac C, Perrouin-Verbe M-A, Riant T, Labat J-J. Pudendal neuralgia due to pudendal nerve entrapment: warning signs observed in two cases and review of the literature. Pain Physician. 2016;19:449–54. Ploteau S, Cardaillac C, Perrouin-Verbe M-A, Riant T, Labat J-J. Pudendal neuralgia due to pudendal nerve entrapment: warning signs observed in two cases and review of the literature. Pain Physician. 2016;19:449–54.
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Yanev K, Krastanov A, Georgiev M, Tonev A, Timev A, Elenkov A. A case of Masson’s tumor of the penis presenting as chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urol J. 2018;15(4):217–9.PubMed Yanev K, Krastanov A, Georgiev M, Tonev A, Timev A, Elenkov A. A case of Masson’s tumor of the penis presenting as chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urol J. 2018;15(4):217–9.PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Keren G, Michal G, Lior L, Liora A, Irit W-F. A common pro-nociceptive pain modulation profile typifying subgroups of chronic pelvic pain syndromes is interrelated with enhanced clinical pain. Pain. 2017;158(6). Keren G, Michal G, Lior L, Liora A, Irit W-F. A common pro-nociceptive pain modulation profile typifying subgroups of chronic pelvic pain syndromes is interrelated with enhanced clinical pain. Pain. 2017;158(6).
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Hu C, Yang H, Zhao Y, Chen X, Dong Y, Li L, et al. The role of inflammatory cytokines and ERK1/2 signaling in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome with related mental health disorders. Sci Rep. 2016;6(January):1–12. Hu C, Yang H, Zhao Y, Chen X, Dong Y, Li L, et al. The role of inflammatory cytokines and ERK1/2 signaling in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome with related mental health disorders. Sci Rep. 2016;6(January):1–12.
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang H, Dong BW, Zheng ZH, Wu ZB, Li W, Ding J. Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) signaling in rheumatoid synovium: regulation of inflammatory response and cytokine-mediated production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;473(2):442–8.PubMedCrossRef Wang H, Dong BW, Zheng ZH, Wu ZB, Li W, Ding J. Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) signaling in rheumatoid synovium: regulation of inflammatory response and cytokine-mediated production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;473(2):442–8.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim HJ, Park JW, Cho YS, Cho CH, Kim JS, Shin HW, et al. Pathogenic role of HIF-1α in prostate hyperplasia in the presence of chronic inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta - Mol Basis Dis. 2013;1832(1):183–94.CrossRef Kim HJ, Park JW, Cho YS, Cho CH, Kim JS, Shin HW, et al. Pathogenic role of HIF-1α in prostate hyperplasia in the presence of chronic inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta - Mol Basis Dis. 2013;1832(1):183–94.CrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Mazzoli S, Cai T, Rupealta V, Gavazzi A, Castricchi Pagliai R, Mondaini N, et al. Interleukin 8 and anti-Chlamydia trachomatis mucosal IgA as urogenital immunologic markers in patients with C. trachomatis prostatic infection. Eur Urol. 2007;51(5):1385–93.PubMedCrossRef Mazzoli S, Cai T, Rupealta V, Gavazzi A, Castricchi Pagliai R, Mondaini N, et al. Interleukin 8 and anti-Chlamydia trachomatis mucosal IgA as urogenital immunologic markers in patients with C. trachomatis prostatic infection. Eur Urol. 2007;51(5):1385–93.PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Malykhina AP. Neural mechanisms of pelvic organ cross-sensitization. Neuroscience. 2007;149(3):660–72.PubMedCrossRef Malykhina AP. Neural mechanisms of pelvic organ cross-sensitization. Neuroscience. 2007;149(3):660–72.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Shoskes DA, Zeitlin SI, Shahed A, Rajfer J. Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology. 1999;54(6):960–3.PubMedCrossRef Shoskes DA, Zeitlin SI, Shahed A, Rajfer J. Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology. 1999;54(6):960–3.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Mui J, Allaire C, Williams C, Yong PJ. Abdominal wall pain in women with chronic pelvic pain. J Obstet Gynaecol Canada. 2016;38(2):154–9.CrossRef Mui J, Allaire C, Williams C, Yong PJ. Abdominal wall pain in women with chronic pelvic pain. J Obstet Gynaecol Canada. 2016;38(2):154–9.CrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Christopher Doiron R, Curtis NJ. Evaluation of the male with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Can Urol Assoc J. 2018;12(6S3):S152–4.PubMedCrossRef Christopher Doiron R, Curtis NJ. Evaluation of the male with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Can Urol Assoc J. 2018;12(6S3):S152–4.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Antolak SJ, Antolak CM. Chronic pelvic pain: neurogenic or non-neurogenic? Warm detection threshold testing supports a diagnosis of pudendal neuropathy. Pain Physician. 2018;21(2):E125–35.PubMedCrossRef Antolak SJ, Antolak CM. Chronic pelvic pain: neurogenic or non-neurogenic? Warm detection threshold testing supports a diagnosis of pudendal neuropathy. Pain Physician. 2018;21(2):E125–35.PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Dybowski C, Löwe B, Brünahl C. Predictors of pain, urinary symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS): a prospective 12-month follow-up study. J Psychosom Res. 2018;112:99–106.PubMedCrossRef Dybowski C, Löwe B, Brünahl C. Predictors of pain, urinary symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS): a prospective 12-month follow-up study. J Psychosom Res. 2018;112:99–106.PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanna MH, Askenazi DJ, Selewski DT, Diseases C, Mott CS, Arbor A. HHS Public Access. 2017;28(2):180–7. Hanna MH, Askenazi DJ, Selewski DT, Diseases C, Mott CS, Arbor A. HHS Public Access. 2017;28(2):180–7.
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Klotz SGR, Ketels G, Löwe B, Brünahl CA. Myofascial findings and psychopathological factors in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Pain Med. 2018:12–3. Klotz SGR, Ketels G, Löwe B, Brünahl CA. Myofascial findings and psychopathological factors in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Pain Med. 2018:12–3.
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Magri V, Marras E, Restelli A, Wagenlehner FME, Perletti G. Multimodal therapy for category III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in UPOINTS phenotyped patients. Exp Ther Med. 2015;9(3):658–66.CrossRefPubMed Magri V, Marras E, Restelli A, Wagenlehner FME, Perletti G. Multimodal therapy for category III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in UPOINTS phenotyped patients. Exp Ther Med. 2015;9(3):658–66.CrossRefPubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Nickel JC, Shoskes DA, Wagenlehner FM. Management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS): the studies, the evidence, and the impact. 2017;4(1):3–6. Nickel JC, Shoskes DA, Wagenlehner FM. Management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS): the studies, the evidence, and the impact. 2017;4(1):3–6.
58.
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Masterson TA, Masterson JM, Azzinaro J, Manderson L, Swain S, Ramasamy R. Comprehensive pelvic floor physical therapy program for men with idiopathic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a prospective study. Transl Androl Urol. 2017;6(5):910–5.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Masterson TA, Masterson JM, Azzinaro J, Manderson L, Swain S, Ramasamy R. Comprehensive pelvic floor physical therapy program for men with idiopathic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a prospective study. Transl Androl Urol. 2017;6(5):910–5.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Tadros NN, Shah AB, Shoskes DA. Utility of trigger point injection as an adjunct to physical therapy in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Transl Androl Urol. 2017;6(3):534–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Tadros NN, Shah AB, Shoskes DA. Utility of trigger point injection as an adjunct to physical therapy in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Transl Androl Urol. 2017;6(3):534–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Loving S, Nordling J, Jaszczak P, Thomsen T. Does evidence support physiotherapy management of adult female chronic pelvic pain? A systematic review. Scand J Pain. 2012;3(2):70–81.PubMedCrossRef Loving S, Nordling J, Jaszczak P, Thomsen T. Does evidence support physiotherapy management of adult female chronic pelvic pain? A systematic review. Scand J Pain. 2012;3(2):70–81.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Till SR, Wahl HN, As-Sanie S. The role of nonpharmacologic therapies in management of chronic pelvic pain. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2017;29(4):231–9.PubMedCrossRef Till SR, Wahl HN, As-Sanie S. The role of nonpharmacologic therapies in management of chronic pelvic pain. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2017;29(4):231–9.PubMedCrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Qin Z, Wu J, Tian J, Zhou J, Liu Y, Liu Z. Network meta-analysis of the efficacy of acupuncture, alpha-blockers and antibiotics on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Sci Rep. 2016;6(October):1–11 A meta-analysis of acupuncture, alpha-blockade, and antibiotic therapy for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. •• Qin Z, Wu J, Tian J, Zhou J, Liu Y, Liu Z. Network meta-analysis of the efficacy of acupuncture, alpha-blockers and antibiotics on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Sci Rep. 2016;6(October):1–11 A meta-analysis of acupuncture, alpha-blockade, and antibiotic therapy for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain.
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Holt JD, Garrett WA, McCurry TK, Teichman JMH. Common questions about chronic prostatitis. Am Fam Physician. 2016;93(4):290–6.PubMed Holt JD, Garrett WA, McCurry TK, Teichman JMH. Common questions about chronic prostatitis. Am Fam Physician. 2016;93(4):290–6.PubMed
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Agarwal MM, Elsi SM. Gabapentenoids in pain management in urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome: gabapentin or pregabalin? Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(8):2028–33.PubMedCrossRef Agarwal MM, Elsi SM. Gabapentenoids in pain management in urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome: gabapentin or pregabalin? Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(8):2028–33.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang M, Li H, Ji Z, Dong D, Yan S. Clinical study of duloxetine hydrochloride combined with doxazosin for the treatment of pain disorder in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Med (United States). 2017;96(10):1–7. Zhang M, Li H, Ji Z, Dong D, Yan S. Clinical study of duloxetine hydrochloride combined with doxazosin for the treatment of pain disorder in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Med (United States). 2017;96(10):1–7.
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Kraus MB, Wie CS, Gorlin AW, Wisenbaugh ES, Rosenfeld DM. Painful ejaculation with cyclobenzaprine: a case report and literature review. Sex Med. 2015;3(4):343–5.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kraus MB, Wie CS, Gorlin AW, Wisenbaugh ES, Rosenfeld DM. Painful ejaculation with cyclobenzaprine: a case report and literature review. Sex Med. 2015;3(4):343–5.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Anderson RU, Wise D, Nathanson BH. Chronic prostatitis and/or chronic pelvic pain as a psychoneuromuscular disorder—a meta-analysis. Urology. 2018;120:23–9.PubMedCrossRef Anderson RU, Wise D, Nathanson BH. Chronic prostatitis and/or chronic pelvic pain as a psychoneuromuscular disorder—a meta-analysis. Urology. 2018;120:23–9.PubMedCrossRef
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang J, Liang K, Sun H, Li L, Wang H, Cao J. Psychotherapy combined with drug therapy in patients with category III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Urol. 2018;25(8):710–5.PubMedCrossRef Wang J, Liang K, Sun H, Li L, Wang H, Cao J. Psychotherapy combined with drug therapy in patients with category III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Urol. 2018;25(8):710–5.PubMedCrossRef
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Morgia G, Russo GI, Urzì D, Privitera S, Castelli T, Favilla V, et al. A phase II, randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of curcumina and calendula suppositories for the treatment of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome type III. Arch Ital di Urol e Androl. 2017;89(2):110–3.CrossRef Morgia G, Russo GI, Urzì D, Privitera S, Castelli T, Favilla V, et al. A phase II, randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of curcumina and calendula suppositories for the treatment of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome type III. Arch Ital di Urol e Androl. 2017;89(2):110–3.CrossRef
71.
72.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Guu SJ, Geng JH, Chao IT, Lin HT, Lee YC, Juan YS, et al. Efficacy of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy on men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome refractory to 3-As therapy. Am J Mens Health. 2018;12(2):441–52 A systematic review of non-pharmacologic management of chronic pelvic pain. PubMedCrossRef •• Guu SJ, Geng JH, Chao IT, Lin HT, Lee YC, Juan YS, et al. Efficacy of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy on men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome refractory to 3-As therapy. Am J Mens Health. 2018;12(2):441–52 A systematic review of non-pharmacologic management of chronic pelvic pain. PubMedCrossRef
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Franco JVA, Turk T, Jung JH, Xiao Y-T, Iakhno S, Garrote V, et al. Non-pharmacological interventions for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a Cochrane systematic review. BJU Int. 2018:12–3. Franco JVA, Turk T, Jung JH, Xiao Y-T, Iakhno S, Garrote V, et al. Non-pharmacological interventions for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a Cochrane systematic review. BJU Int. 2018:12–3.
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Qin Z, Liu Y, Zhou K, Wu J, Pang R, Li N, et al. Acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2017;18(1):1–7.CrossRef Qin Z, Liu Y, Zhou K, Wu J, Pang R, Li N, et al. Acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2017;18(1):1–7.CrossRef
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Saxena R, Gupta M, Shankar N, Jain S, Saxena A. Effects of yogic intervention on pain scores and quality of life in females with chronic pelvic pain. Int J Yoga. 2017;10(1):9–15.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Saxena R, Gupta M, Shankar N, Jain S, Saxena A. Effects of yogic intervention on pain scores and quality of life in females with chronic pelvic pain. Int J Yoga. 2017;10(1):9–15.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Ying J, Zhou M, Chen H, Chen L, Zhang W, Ji J, et al. Effect of essential oil on patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Chin J Integr Med. 2019;25(2):91–5.PubMedCrossRef Ying J, Zhou M, Chen H, Chen L, Zhang W, Ji J, et al. Effect of essential oil on patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Chin J Integr Med. 2019;25(2):91–5.PubMedCrossRef
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Sharma N, Rekha K, Srinivasan J. Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. J Midlife Health. 2017;8(1):36–9.PubMedPubMedCentral Sharma N, Rekha K, Srinivasan J. Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. J Midlife Health. 2017;8(1):36–9.PubMedPubMedCentral
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Moldwin RM, Fariello JY. Myofascial trigger points of the pelvic floor: associations with urological pain syndromes and treatment strategies including injection therapy. Curr Urol Rep. 2013;14(5):409–17.PubMedCrossRef Moldwin RM, Fariello JY. Myofascial trigger points of the pelvic floor: associations with urological pain syndromes and treatment strategies including injection therapy. Curr Urol Rep. 2013;14(5):409–17.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Ay S, Evcik D, Tur BS. Comparison of injection methods in myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rheumatol. 2010;29(1):19–23.PubMedCrossRef Ay S, Evcik D, Tur BS. Comparison of injection methods in myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rheumatol. 2010;29(1):19–23.PubMedCrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Huguenin L, Brukner PD, Mccrory P. Effect of dry needling of gluteal muscles on straight leg raise: a randomised, placebo controlled, double blind trial. Br J Sport Med. 2005;39:84–90.CrossRef Huguenin L, Brukner PD, Mccrory P. Effect of dry needling of gluteal muscles on straight leg raise: a randomised, placebo controlled, double blind trial. Br J Sport Med. 2005;39:84–90.CrossRef
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Han SC, Harrison P. Myofascial pain syndrome and trigger point management. Reg Anesth. 1996;89–101. Han SC, Harrison P. Myofascial pain syndrome and trigger point management. Reg Anesth. 1996;89–101.
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Langford CF, Nagy SU, Ghoniem GM. Levator ani trigger point injections: an underutilized treatment for chronic pelvic pain. Neurourol Urodyn. 2007;26(3):323–7.CrossRef Langford CF, Nagy SU, Ghoniem GM. Levator ani trigger point injections: an underutilized treatment for chronic pelvic pain. Neurourol Urodyn. 2007;26(3):323–7.CrossRef
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Halder GE, Scott L, Wyman A, Mora N, Miladinovic B, Bassaly R, Hoyte L. Botox and physical therapy for pelvic pain. 2017;134–9. Halder GE, Scott L, Wyman A, Mora N, Miladinovic B, Bassaly R, Hoyte L. Botox and physical therapy for pelvic pain. 2017;134–9.
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Abdel-Meguid T, Mosli H, Farsi H, Al-Sayyad A, Tayeb A, Sait M. Response of refractory category-III nonbacterial chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome to intraprostatic injection of onabotulinumtoxinA. Eur Urol Suppl. 2016;15(3):e1127.CrossRef Abdel-Meguid T, Mosli H, Farsi H, Al-Sayyad A, Tayeb A, Sait M. Response of refractory category-III nonbacterial chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome to intraprostatic injection of onabotulinumtoxinA. Eur Urol Suppl. 2016;15(3):e1127.CrossRef
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Chuang YC, Chiang PH, Huang CC, Yoshimura N, Chancellor MB. Botulinum toxin type A improves benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms in patients with small prostates. Urology. 2005;66(4):775–9.PubMedCrossRef Chuang YC, Chiang PH, Huang CC, Yoshimura N, Chancellor MB. Botulinum toxin type A improves benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms in patients with small prostates. Urology. 2005;66(4):775–9.PubMedCrossRef
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Falahatkar S, Shahab E, Gholamjani Moghaddam K, Kazemnezhad E. Transurethral intraprostatic injection of botulinum neurotoxin type A for the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: results of a prospective pilot double-blind and randomized placebo-controlled study. BJU Int. 2015;116(4):641–9.CrossRefPubMed Falahatkar S, Shahab E, Gholamjani Moghaddam K, Kazemnezhad E. Transurethral intraprostatic injection of botulinum neurotoxin type A for the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: results of a prospective pilot double-blind and randomized placebo-controlled study. BJU Int. 2015;116(4):641–9.CrossRefPubMed
87.
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Langford CF, Udvari Nagy S, Ghoniem GM. Levator ani trigger point injections: an underutilized treatment for chronic pelvic pain. Neurourol Urodyn. 2007;26(1):59–62.PubMedCrossRef Langford CF, Udvari Nagy S, Ghoniem GM. Levator ani trigger point injections: an underutilized treatment for chronic pelvic pain. Neurourol Urodyn. 2007;26(1):59–62.PubMedCrossRef
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Koo VSW, O’Brien A. Local anesthetic and steroidal prostatic injection for chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Clin J Pain. 2011;27(2):166–8.PubMedCrossRef Koo VSW, O’Brien A. Local anesthetic and steroidal prostatic injection for chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Clin J Pain. 2011;27(2):166–8.PubMedCrossRef
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Doumouchtsis SK, Boama V, Gorti M, Tosson S, Fynes MM. Prospective evaluation of combined local bupivacaine and steroid injections for the management of chronic vaginal and perineal pain. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011;284(3):681–5.PubMedCrossRef Doumouchtsis SK, Boama V, Gorti M, Tosson S, Fynes MM. Prospective evaluation of combined local bupivacaine and steroid injections for the management of chronic vaginal and perineal pain. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011;284(3):681–5.PubMedCrossRef
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Shim J, Dwiggins M, Gomez-Lobo V. Case report: Intralesional steroid injections for recurrent vaginal strictures. Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2018;31:526–7.CrossRef Shim J, Dwiggins M, Gomez-Lobo V. Case report: Intralesional steroid injections for recurrent vaginal strictures. Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2018;31:526–7.CrossRef
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim SH, Kim DH, Yoon DM, Yoon KB. Clinical effectiveness of the obturator externus muscle injection in chronic pelvic pain patients. Pain Pract. 2015;15(1):40–6.PubMedCrossRef Kim SH, Kim DH, Yoon DM, Yoon KB. Clinical effectiveness of the obturator externus muscle injection in chronic pelvic pain patients. Pain Pract. 2015;15(1):40–6.PubMedCrossRef
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Ozkan D, Akkaya T, Yildiz S, Comert A. Ultraschallgeführte gepulste Radiofrequenzbehandlung des N. pudendus bei chronischem Beckenschmerz. Anaesthesist. 2016;65(2):134–6.PubMedCrossRef Ozkan D, Akkaya T, Yildiz S, Comert A. Ultraschallgeführte gepulste Radiofrequenzbehandlung des N. pudendus bei chronischem Beckenschmerz. Anaesthesist. 2016;65(2):134–6.PubMedCrossRef
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Collard M, Yin X, Patel A, Scott K, Chhabra A. Abstract No. 580 Initial experience of CT-guided pulsed radiofrequency ablation of the pudendal nerve for chronic recalcitrant pelvic pain. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2018;29(4):S242.CrossRef Collard M, Yin X, Patel A, Scott K, Chhabra A. Abstract No. 580 Initial experience of CT-guided pulsed radiofrequency ablation of the pudendal nerve for chronic recalcitrant pelvic pain. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2018;29(4):S242.CrossRef
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Nagpal AS, Moody EL. Interventional management for pelvic pain. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2017;28(3):621–46.PubMedCrossRef Nagpal AS, Moody EL. Interventional management for pelvic pain. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2017;28(3):621–46.PubMedCrossRef
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Benzon HT, Rathmell JP, Wu CL, Turk DC, Argoff CE, Hurley RW. Practical management of pain. 1115 p. Benzon HT, Rathmell JP, Wu CL, Turk DC, Argoff CE, Hurley RW. Practical management of pain. 1115 p.
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Schultz DM. Inferior hypogastric plexus blockade: a transsacral approach. 2007. Schultz DM. Inferior hypogastric plexus blockade: a transsacral approach. 2007.
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Mohamed SAE, Ahmed DC, Mohamad MF. Chemical neurolysis of the inferior hypogastric plexus for the treatment of cancer-related pelvic and perineal pain. Pain Res Manag. 2013;18(5):249–52.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Mohamed SAE, Ahmed DC, Mohamad MF. Chemical neurolysis of the inferior hypogastric plexus for the treatment of cancer-related pelvic and perineal pain. Pain Res Manag. 2013;18(5):249–52.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Le Clerc Q, Riant T, Levesque A, Labat J, Ploteau S, Robert R. Repeated ganglion impar block in a cohort of 83 patients with chronic pelvic and perineal pain. 2017;823–8. Le Clerc Q, Riant T, Levesque A, Labat J, Ploteau S, Robert R. Repeated ganglion impar block in a cohort of 83 patients with chronic pelvic and perineal pain. 2017;823–8.
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Anderson RU, Wise D, Sawyer T, Glowe P, Orenberg EK. 6-day intensive treatment protocol for refractory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome using myofascial release and paradoxical relaxation training. J Urol. 2011;185(4):1294–9.PubMedCrossRef Anderson RU, Wise D, Sawyer T, Glowe P, Orenberg EK. 6-day intensive treatment protocol for refractory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome using myofascial release and paradoxical relaxation training. J Urol. 2011;185(4):1294–9.PubMedCrossRef
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Anderson RU, Harvey RH, Wise D, Nevin Smith J, Nathanson BH, Sawyer T. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome: reduction of medication use after pelvic floor physical therapy with an internal myofascial trigger point wand. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2015;40(1):45–52.PubMedCrossRef Anderson RU, Harvey RH, Wise D, Nevin Smith J, Nathanson BH, Sawyer T. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome: reduction of medication use after pelvic floor physical therapy with an internal myofascial trigger point wand. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2015;40(1):45–52.PubMedCrossRef
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Bozzini G, Provenzano M, Buffi N, Seveso M, Lughezzani G, Guazzoni G, et al. An observational study of the use of beclomethasone dipropionate suppositories in the treatment of lower urinary tract inflammation in men. BMC Urol. 2016;16(1):25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Bozzini G, Provenzano M, Buffi N, Seveso M, Lughezzani G, Guazzoni G, et al. An observational study of the use of beclomethasone dipropionate suppositories in the treatment of lower urinary tract inflammation in men. BMC Urol. 2016;16(1):25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang M, Zhao X, Wu Z, Xiao N, Lü C, Hou Y. Corticoid combined with an antibiotic for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2009;15(3):237–40.PubMed Yang M, Zhao X, Wu Z, Xiao N, Lü C, Hou Y. Corticoid combined with an antibiotic for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2009;15(3):237–40.PubMed
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Doiron RC, Nickel JC. Review: Management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. 2018;12(6):161–3. Doiron RC, Nickel JC. Review: Management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. 2018;12(6):161–3.
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Fritz J, Chhabra A, Wang KC, Carrino JA. Magnetic resonance neurography-guided nerve blocks for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2014;24(1):211–34.PubMedCrossRef Fritz J, Chhabra A, Wang KC, Carrino JA. Magnetic resonance neurography-guided nerve blocks for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2014;24(1):211–34.PubMedCrossRef
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Laviana A, Jellison F, Kim J-H. Sacral neuromodulation for refractory overactive bladder, interstitial cystitis, and painful bladder syndrome. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2014;25(1):33–46.PubMedCrossRef Laviana A, Jellison F, Kim J-H. Sacral neuromodulation for refractory overactive bladder, interstitial cystitis, and painful bladder syndrome. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2014;25(1):33–46.PubMedCrossRef
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Tam J, Loeb C, Grajower D, Kim J, Weissbart S. Neuromodulation for chronic pelvic pain. Curr Urol Rep. 2018;19(5):32.PubMedCrossRef Tam J, Loeb C, Grajower D, Kim J, Weissbart S. Neuromodulation for chronic pelvic pain. Curr Urol Rep. 2018;19(5):32.PubMedCrossRef
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Roy H, Offiah I, Dua A, Roy H, Offiah I, Dua A. Neuromodulation for pelvic and urogenital pain. Brain Sci. 2018;8(10):180.PubMedCentralCrossRef Roy H, Offiah I, Dua A, Roy H, Offiah I, Dua A. Neuromodulation for pelvic and urogenital pain. Brain Sci. 2018;8(10):180.PubMedCentralCrossRef
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Cappellano F, Ciotti GM, Tafuri A, Munch C, Bassi S, Balzarro M, Porcaro AB, Rubilotta E, Wiesmayr M, Obrero C, Metcalf L, Mariani L, Artibani W, Cerruto MA. Cycling sacral root neuromodulation: pilot study to assess the effectiveness of this mode in neuromodulator programming for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. 2017. Cappellano F, Ciotti GM, Tafuri A, Munch C, Bassi S, Balzarro M, Porcaro AB, Rubilotta E, Wiesmayr M, Obrero C, Metcalf L, Mariani L, Artibani W, Cerruto MA. Cycling sacral root neuromodulation: pilot study to assess the effectiveness of this mode in neuromodulator programming for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. 2017.
110.
Zurück zum Zitat Peters KM, Feber KM, Bennett RC. Sacral versus pudendal nerve stimulation for voiding dysfunction: a prospective, single-blinded, randomized, crossover trial. Neurourol Urodyn. 2005;24(7):643–7.PubMedCrossRef Peters KM, Feber KM, Bennett RC. Sacral versus pudendal nerve stimulation for voiding dysfunction: a prospective, single-blinded, randomized, crossover trial. Neurourol Urodyn. 2005;24(7):643–7.PubMedCrossRef
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Brichant G, Denef M, Tebache L, Poismans G, Pinzauti S, Dechenne V, et al. Chronic pelvic pain and the role of exploratory laparoscopy as diagnostic and therapeutic tool: a retrospective observational study. Gynecol Surg. 2018;15(1):13.CrossRef Brichant G, Denef M, Tebache L, Poismans G, Pinzauti S, Dechenne V, et al. Chronic pelvic pain and the role of exploratory laparoscopy as diagnostic and therapeutic tool: a retrospective observational study. Gynecol Surg. 2018;15(1):13.CrossRef
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Lamvu G. Role of hysterectomy in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;117(5):1175–8.PubMedCrossRef Lamvu G. Role of hysterectomy in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;117(5):1175–8.PubMedCrossRef
113.
Zurück zum Zitat Deer TR, Levy RM, Kramer J, Poree L, Amirdelfan K, Grigsby E, et al. Dorsal root ganglion stimulation yielded higher treatment success rate for complex regional pain syndrome and causalgia at 3 and 12 months. Pain. 2017;158(4):669–81.PubMedCrossRef Deer TR, Levy RM, Kramer J, Poree L, Amirdelfan K, Grigsby E, et al. Dorsal root ganglion stimulation yielded higher treatment success rate for complex regional pain syndrome and causalgia at 3 and 12 months. Pain. 2017;158(4):669–81.PubMedCrossRef
114.
Zurück zum Zitat Levine AB, Parrent AG, MacDougall KW. Stimulation of the spinal cord and dorsal nerve roots for chronic groin, pelvic, and abdominal pain. Pain Physician. 2016;19(6):405–12.PubMed Levine AB, Parrent AG, MacDougall KW. Stimulation of the spinal cord and dorsal nerve roots for chronic groin, pelvic, and abdominal pain. Pain Physician. 2016;19(6):405–12.PubMed
115.
Zurück zum Zitat Simpson LR, Mahmood T. Medical and surgical management of chronic pelvic pain. Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med. 2017;27(1):14–21.CrossRef Simpson LR, Mahmood T. Medical and surgical management of chronic pelvic pain. Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med. 2017;27(1):14–21.CrossRef
116.
Zurück zum Zitat • Mowers E, Lim C, Skinner B, Nichole M, Daniel M, As-Sanie S. Characteristics of women undergoing hysterectomy for chronic pelvic pain: prevalence and risk factors for endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2015;22(6):S232 A review of sacral neuromodulation for the management of pelvic floor disorders. PubMedCrossRef • Mowers E, Lim C, Skinner B, Nichole M, Daniel M, As-Sanie S. Characteristics of women undergoing hysterectomy for chronic pelvic pain: prevalence and risk factors for endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2015;22(6):S232 A review of sacral neuromodulation for the management of pelvic floor disorders. PubMedCrossRef
117.
Zurück zum Zitat Yamamoto M, Foster K, Howard F. Long term outcomes after a hysterectomy for chronic pelvic pain: a pelvic pain center experience. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2012;19. Yamamoto M, Foster K, Howard F. Long term outcomes after a hysterectomy for chronic pelvic pain: a pelvic pain center experience. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2012;19.
118.
Zurück zum Zitat Daniels J, Gray R, Hills RK, Latthe P, Buckley L, Gupta J, et al. Laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation for alleviating chronic pelvic pain—a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;302(9):955.PubMedCrossRef Daniels J, Gray R, Hills RK, Latthe P, Buckley L, Gupta J, et al. Laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation for alleviating chronic pelvic pain—a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;302(9):955.PubMedCrossRef
119.
Zurück zum Zitat Corson SL. Laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation for alleviating chronic pelvic pain: a randomized controlled trial. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2010;17(1):131. Corson SL. Laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation for alleviating chronic pelvic pain: a randomized controlled trial. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2010;17(1):131.
120.
Zurück zum Zitat Schoeb DS, Schlager D, Boeker M, Wetterauer U, Schoenthaler M, Herrmann TRW, et al. Surgical therapy of prostatitis: a systematic review. World J Urol. 2017;35(11):1659–68.PubMedCrossRef Schoeb DS, Schlager D, Boeker M, Wetterauer U, Schoenthaler M, Herrmann TRW, et al. Surgical therapy of prostatitis: a systematic review. World J Urol. 2017;35(11):1659–68.PubMedCrossRef
121.
Zurück zum Zitat Chopra S, Satkunasivam R, Aron M. Feasibility of robotic radical prostatectomy for medication refractory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: initial results. Indian J Urol. 2016;32(3):238–41.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Chopra S, Satkunasivam R, Aron M. Feasibility of robotic radical prostatectomy for medication refractory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: initial results. Indian J Urol. 2016;32(3):238–41.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
123.
Zurück zum Zitat Speer LM, Mushkbar S, Erbele T. Chronic pelvic pain in women. Am Fam Physician. 2016;93(5):380–7.PubMed Speer LM, Mushkbar S, Erbele T. Chronic pelvic pain in women. Am Fam Physician. 2016;93(5):380–7.PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
A Comprehensive Review of the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome
verfasst von
Leena Adamian
Ivan Urits
Vwaire Orhurhu
Dylan Hoyt
Rebecca Driessen
John A. Freeman
Alan D. Kaye
Rachel J. Kaye
Andrew J. Garcia
Elyse M. Cornett
Omar Viswanath
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2020
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Pain and Headache Reports / Ausgabe 6/2020
Print ISSN: 1531-3433
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-3081
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-020-00857-9

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2020

Current Pain and Headache Reports 6/2020 Zur Ausgabe

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Hinter dieser Appendizitis steckte ein Erreger

23.04.2024 Appendizitis Nachrichten

Schmerzen im Unterbauch, aber sonst nicht viel, was auf eine Appendizitis hindeutete: Ein junger Mann hatte Glück, dass trotzdem eine Laparoskopie mit Appendektomie durchgeführt und der Wurmfortsatz histologisch untersucht wurde.

Ärztliche Empathie hilft gegen Rückenschmerzen

23.04.2024 Leitsymptom Rückenschmerzen Nachrichten

Personen mit chronischen Rückenschmerzen, die von einfühlsamen Ärzten und Ärztinnen betreut werden, berichten über weniger Beschwerden und eine bessere Lebensqualität.

Update AINS

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.