Background
Feeding and energy homeostasis
Leptin and hypothalamic regulation
Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) genetics and its post-translational modification
The genetic pathology of the mammalian melanocortin system
Melanocortin receptors (MCRs)
POMC neurones and the arcuate nucleus
POMC/CART and NPY/AgRP neuronal pathways from the arcuate nucleus
Arcuate POMC projections: | Axonal labelling | Immunocytochemistry |
---|---|---|
Arcuate nucleus
| 57 | 48, 62, 93, 119 |
Brainstem
| 91 | 91 |
PVN
| - | 62, 93 |
Lateral hypothalamus
| - | 93 |
DMH
| 160 | 93 |
SON
| - | 93 |
VMH
| - | 93 |
Periventricular nucleus
| - | 93, 172 |
Nucleus accumbens
| - | 93 |
Amygdala
| - | 93 |
AgRP – more than an antagonist of MC4R and MC3R?
Melanocortin receptor | Endogenous antagonist |
---|---|
MC1R | Agouti |
MC2R | Agouti |
MC3R | Agouti, AgRP |
MC4R | Agouti, AgRP |
MC5R | ? |
Peptide YY and POMC
VGF, lethal yellow and POMC
Galanin and POMC
POMC neurones and the brainstem
MCR locations: | MC4R mRNA | MC4R GFP expression | MC3R mRNA |
---|---|---|---|
Arcuate nucleus
| 90 | 105 | 93, 114, 118 |
Brainstem
| 90 | 105 | - |
PVN
| 90, 93 | 105 | 118 |
Lateral hypothalamus
| 90 | 105 | 118 |
DMH
| 90 | 105 | 118 |
SON
| 90 | - | - |
VMH
| 90 | 105 | 118 |
Periventricular nucleus
| 90 | 105 | 118 |
Nucleus accumbens
| 90 | 105 | - |
Amygdala
| 90 | 105 | 118 |