Key points
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This is the first prospective study investigating the factors implicated in the increase in extravascular lung water after diving.
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An important increase in extravascular lung water rarely occurs after a well-controlled dive.
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The main contributor to the increase in extravascular lung water in a healthy diver is the exercise intensity.
Background
Methods
Population studied
Chest ultrasonography
Statistical analysis
Results
Population studied
Dives studied
HOOKAH | SCUBA | |
---|---|---|
Mean ± SD (min–max) | Mean ± SD (min–max) | |
Number of dives | 202 | 61 |
Diving suit | Dry | Wet |
Depth (msw) | 30 ± 12 (8–48) | 33 ± 11 (10–48) |
Duration at the bottom (min) | 43 ± 15 (9–77) | 20 ± 7 (9–30) |
Total duration of immersion (min) | 64 ± 13 (18–113) | 29 ± 7 (15–45) |
Examinations after the dives
Linear relationship between the variables
Association and potential predictors
Estimate | Std. error | 2.5% | 97.5% |
z value | Pr(> |z|) | 1-β | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Intercept) | −3.14 | 0.84 | −4.11 | −2.21 | −3.74 | 0.000186* | 1 |
Diving (after) | 1.15 | 0.179 | 0.696 | 1.53 | 6.42 | 1.37 × 10−10* | 1 |
Age (scaled) | −0.141 | 0.139 | −0.414 | 0.126 | −1.01 | 0.312 | 0.72 |
Smoking (yes) | −0.000678 | 0.279 | −0.63 | 0.507 | −0.0024 | 0.998 | 0.56 |
Material (SCUBA) | −0.0576 | 0.516 | −0.898 | 0.602 | −0.112 | 0.911 | 0.56 |
Total duration (scaled) | 0.133 | 0.155 | −0.167 | 0.397 | 0.857 | 0.392 | 0.69 |
Decompression Gas (O2) | −0.511 | 0.499 | −1.3 | 0.171 | −1.02 | 0.306 | 0.76 |
Weight (scaled) | −0.0603 | 0.143 | −0.408 | 0.271 | −0.421 | 0.674 | 0.55 |
Height (scaled) | 0.175 | 0.151 | −0.122 | 0.488 | 1.16 | 0.248 | 0.78 |
Coldness (VAS) | −0.0244 | 0.0617 | −0.208 | 0.0899 | −0.396 | 0.692 | 0.61 |
Water temperature (scaled) | −0.169 | 0.116 | −0.376 | 0.0491 | −1.46 | 0.145 | 0.8 |
RPE (Borg scale) | 0.172 | 0.0431 | 0.106 | 0.229 | 3.99 | 6.59 × 10−05* | 1 |