Background
Cases | Origin of cases | Species | API (‰) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Villages | ∑ of slides | (n) | id | im | rlp | Pf | Pv | Mix | Village | Kokap | KP |
2007
|
Kalirejo
|
900
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0.43
| ||
Hargorejo
|
863
|
9
|
1
|
5
|
3
|
1
|
8
|
0
|
1.02
| |||
Hargomulyo
|
773
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.76
|
0.21
| |
Hargotirto
|
4518
|
12
|
7
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
9
|
1
|
1.49
| |||
Hargowilis
|
3202
|
6
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0.86
| |||
2008
|
Kalirejo
|
271
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0.22
| ||
Hargorejo
|
341
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
0
|
0.57
| |||
Hargomulyo
|
145
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.23
|
0.16
| |
Hargotirto
|
1560
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0.25
| |||
Hargowilis
|
881
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0.14
| |||
2009
|
Kalirejo
|
183
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0.43
| ||
Hargorejo
|
317
|
8
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
3
|
5
|
0
|
0.91
| |||
Hargomulyo
|
81
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.71
|
0.29
| |
Hargotirto
|
1138
|
2
|
2
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0.97
| |||
Hargowilis
|
870
|
9
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
1.27
| |||
2010
|
Kalirejo
|
42
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
| ||
Hargorejo
|
152
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0.11
| |||
Hargomulyo
|
66
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0.29
|
0.06
| |
Hargotirto
|
875
|
9
|
3
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
1
|
1.09
| |||
Hargowilis
|
722
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0.28
| |||
2011
|
Kalirejo
|
715
|
17
|
17
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
12
|
0
|
3.67
| ||
Hargorejo
|
139
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0.11
| |||
Hargomulyo
|
116
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0.32
|
3.0
|
0.32
| |
Hargotirto
|
2057
|
74
|
70
|
4
|
0
|
57
|
16
|
1
|
9.43
| |||
Hargowilis
|
695
|
11
|
5
|
6
|
0
|
6
|
4
|
1
|
1.58
| |||
2012
|
Kalirejo
|
1566
|
55
|
53
|
0
|
2
|
53
|
2
|
0
|
11.86
| ||
Hargorejo
|
429
|
8
|
5
|
3
|
0
|
5
|
3
|
0
|
0.91
| |||
Hargomulyo
|
130
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0.16
|
4.8
|
0.50
| |
Hargotirto
|
5333
|
82
|
80
|
2
|
0
|
79
|
1
|
2
|
10.45
| |||
Hargowilis
|
863
|
7
|
4
|
3
|
0
|
5
|
2
|
0
|
1.01
|
Methods
Study site
Cross-sectional survey to map each malaria cases during malaria outbreak 2011–2012
In-depth interviews to obtain information related to community perceptions
In-depth interview to malaria health officers
Results
Demographic characteristics of Kokap population
Villages | Number of poor households or persons | % | Type of transmigrants | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Households | Persons | Total population | Number of public transmigrants | Number of self work transmigrants | ||
Hargomulyo | 697 | 6,900 | 9,418 | 73 | - | - |
Hargorejo | 1,049 | 8,601 | 10,768 | 80 | - | - |
Hargowilis | 601 | 5,912 | 7,130 | 83 | - | - |
Kalirejo | 840 | 4,872 | 5,639 | 86 | 2 | 7 |
Hargotirto | 838 | 7,123 | 8,309 | 86 | 18 | 3 |
Total | 4,025 | 33,408 | 41,264 | 81 | 20 | 10 |
Malaria endemicity 2007 to 2011 in Kulon Progo District
Mapping of malaria cases in Kokap Subdistrict May 2011-April 2012
Characteristics | Number (percentage) |
---|---|
Sex | |
•Male | 130 (58%) |
•Female | 96 (42%) |
Education | |
•No formal education | 176 (78%) |
•Primary School | 41 (18%) |
•Secondary School | 9 (4%) |
Age Group | |
•A (< 5) | 11 (5%) |
•B (6–15) | 41 (18%) |
•D ≥15 | 174 (77%) |
Occupation | |
•Farmer | 108 (48%) |
•Labor | 14 (6%) |
•Trader | 23 (10%) |
•Not working | 27 (12%) |
•Others | 54 (24%) |
Wall types | |
•Bricks | 9 (4%) |
•Cements | 67 (30%) |
•Woods | 70 (31%) |
•Bamboo | 80 (35%) |
Eaves | |
•Open | 219 (97%) |
•Closed | 7 ( 3%) |
Floor types | |
•Soil/sand | 98 (43%) |
•Ceramics/cements | 125(55%) |
•others | 3(1%) |
IRS in the last one year | |
•Yes | 37 (16%) |
•No | 189(84%) |
Bednet ownership | |
•Yes | 175 (77%) |
•No | 51 (23%) |
Using mosquito coils | |
•Yes | 9 (4%) |
•No | 217 (96%) |
Using repellent | |
•Yes | 15 (7%) |
•No | 211(93%) |
Using mosquito spray at home | |
•Yes | 1 (1%) |
•No | 225 (99%) |
Compliance to sleep inside bed net | |
•Yes | 89 (39%) |
•No | 137 (61%) |
Malaria intervention in Kokap
Village | ∑ of hamlets | ∑ of houses | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kokap I PHC | |||||||
Kalirejo | 9 | 1,060 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Hargorejo | 16 | 2,242 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Hargomulyo | 11 | 1,928 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Kokap II PHC | |||||||
Hargowilis | 13 | 1,609 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
Hargotirto | 14 | 1,835 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
Anthropological study on Kokap: current community response
Community perspective related to malaria outbreaks
PHC staff perspective of malaria outbreaks
Discussion
Increasing internal potential for malaria transmission
Village | Total population | Number of return immigrants | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | ||
Kalirejo | 5,639 | 25 | 13 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 1 |
Hargorejo | 10,768 | 42 | 25 | 14 | 21 | 33 | 15 |
Hargomulyo | 9,418 | 22 | 8 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 6 |
Hargotirto | 8,309 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 369 | 411 |
Hargowilis | 7,130 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 236 | 272 |