Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Typ-2-Diabetes und Adipositas Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Häufige urologisch-sexualmedizinische Themen in der Praxis sind das Thema des MMW-Webinars am 5. Juni von 17.30 bis 19 Uhr. Konkret geht es um die Frage, wann bei Harnwegsinfektionen auf Antibiotika verzichtet werden kann, und um ein Update zur Therapie von Libido- und Potenzstörungen des Mannes. Der dritte Vortrag behandelt sexuell übertragbare Krankheiten. Stellen Sie Ihre Fragen an die Experten und sammeln Sie 2 CME-Punkte. Jetzt gleich anmelden!
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 5/2010

01.09.2010

Microarrayed Allergen Molecules for the Diagnosis of Allergic Diseases

verfasst von: Adriano Mari, Claudia Alessandri, Maria Livia Bernardi, Rosetta Ferrara, Enrico Scala, Danila Zennaro

Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | Ausgabe 5/2010

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

IgE-mediated allergic diseases are among the most prevalent diseases worldwide. The use of extracts in the skin test and the additional use of IgE testing still represent the current basis for the diagnostic work-up. During the past 30 years, knowledge of the molecular structure of allergens has increased dramatically, and the characterization and production of allergenic molecules, as natural purified compounds or recombinant products, is allowing us to approach the allergy diagnostic work-up differently. Much of this is based on the adoption of microtechnology since the first release of a biochip for IgE detection. Its use has prompted the development of new concepts linked to the diagnosis of allergic diseases. This review describes the background of allergy diagnosis and the tools currently used for specific IgE detection. It gives insight into the most recent advancement in the field of biotechnology leading to allergenic molecule availability, microtechnology leading to the routine use of protein biochips for IgE detection, and how they should be combined with information technology.
Literatur
1.
Johansson SG, Bieber T, Dahl R, et al.: Revised nomenclature for allergy for global use: report of the Nomenclature Review Committee of the World Allergy Organization, October 2003. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004, 113:832–836.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Knudsen TB, Thomsen SF, Nolte H, Backer V: A population-based clinical study of allergic and non-allergic asthma. J Asthma 2009, 46:91–94.CrossRefPubMed
3.
• Cox L, Williams B, Sicherer S, et al.: Pearls and pitfalls of allergy diagnostic testing: report from the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Specific IgE Test Task Force. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008, 101:580–592. This is a revision of the currently used diagnostic tools and their indications and interpretations.
4.
•• Matsson PNJ, Hamilton RG, Esch RE, et al.: Analytical Performance Characteristics and Clinical Utility of Immunological Assays for Human Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Antibodies and Defined Allergen Specificities; Approved Guideline, edn 2. CLSI Document I/LA20-A2. Wayne, PA: CLSI; 2009. This is the most comprehensive and up-to-date document on IVDs available for allergic diseases. This second edition of the CLSI guidelines includes information on allergenic molecules and microtechnologies for the first time.
5.
Nolte H, DuBuske LM: Performance characteristics of a new automated enzyme immunoassay for the measurement of allergen-specific IgE. Summary of the probability outcomes comparing results of allergen skin testing to results obtained with the HYTEC system and CAP system. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1997, 79:27–34.
6.
Kam KL, Hsieh KH: Comparison of three in vitro assays for serum IgE with skin testing in asthmatic children. Ann Allergy 1994, 73:329–336.PubMed
7.
Ciardiello MA, Giangrieco I, Tuppo L, et al.: Influence of the natural ripening stage, cold storage, and ethylene treatment on the protein and IgE-binding profiles of green and gold kiwi fruit extracts. J Agric Food Chem 2009, 57:1565–1571.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Constantin C, Touraev A, Heberle-Bors E, et al.: Detection of antigens reactive to IgE and IgA during wheat seed maturation and in different wheat cultivars. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2009, 149:181–187.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Hildebrandt S, Steinhart H, Paschke A: Comparison of different extraction solutions for the analysis of allergens in hen’s egg. Food Chem 2008, 108:1088–1093.CrossRef
10.
Larenas-Linnemann D, Cox LS: European allergen extract units and potency: review of available information. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008, 100:137–145.CrossRefPubMed
11.
• Lorenz AR, Luttkopf D, May S, et al.: The principle of homologous groups in regulatory affairs of allergen products—a proposal. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2009, 148:1–17. This article introduces the use of allergenic molecules for allergenic extract standardization.
12.
Mari A: Multiple pollen sensitization: a molecular approach to the diagnosis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2001, 125:57–65.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Tinghino R, Twardosz A, Barletta B, et al.: Molecular, structural, and immunologic relationships between different families of recombinant calcium-binding pollen allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002, 109:314–320.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Ferreira F, Hawranek T, Gruber P, et al.: Allergic cross-reactivity: from gene to the clinic. Allergy 2004, 59:243–267.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Crameri R: Recombinant allergens for skin testing. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2001, 125:96–111.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Asero R, Monsalve R, Barber D: Profilin sensitization detected in the office by skin prick test: a study of prevalence and clinical relevance of profilin as a plant food allergen. Clin Exp Allergy 2008, 38:1033–1037.CrossRefPubMed
17.
• Asero R, Jimeno L, Barber D: Component-resolved diagnosis of plant food allergy by SPT. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2008, 40:115–121. This article discusses approaching molecule-based diagnosis using the skin test.
18.
Mari A, Scala E, D’Ambrosio C, et al.: Latex allergy within a cohort of not-at-risk subjects with respiratory symptoms: prevalence of latex sensitization and assessment of diagnostic tools. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2007, 143:135–143.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Lidholm A, Ballmer-Weber BK, Mari A, Vieths S: Component-resolved diagnostics in food allergy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2006, 6:234–240.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Heinzerling L, Frew AJ, Bindslev-Jensen C, et al.: Standard skin prick testing and sensitization to inhalant allergens across Europe—a survey from the GA2LEN network. Allergy 2005, 60:1287–1300.CrossRefPubMed
21.
• Lee S, Lim HS, Park J, Kim HS: A new automated multiple allergen simultaneous test-chemiluminescent assay (MAST-CLA) using an AP720S analyzer. Clin Chim Acta 2009, 402:182–188. This is an example of multiplex IgE testing using extracts.
22.
Schena M, Shalon D, Davis RW, Brown PO: Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray. Science 1995, 270:467–470.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Schulze A, Downward J: Analysis of gene expression by microarrays: cell biologist’s gold mine or minefield? J Cell Sci 2000, 113:4151–4156.PubMed
24.
MacBeath G, Schreiber SL: Printing proteins as microarrays for high-throughput function determination. Science 2000, 289:1760–1763.PubMed
25.
Hiller R, Laffer S, Harwanegg C, et al.: Microarrayed allergen molecules: diagnostic gatekeepers for allergy treatment. FASEB J 2002, 16:414–416.PubMed
26.
Jahn-Schmid B, Harwanegg C, Hiller R, et al.: Allergen microarray: comparison of microarray using recombinant allergens with conventional diagnostic methods to detect allergen-specific serum immunoglobulin E. Clin Exp Allergy 2003, 33:1443–1449.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Wohrl S, Vigl K, Zehetmayer S, et al.: The performance of a component-based allergen-microarray in clinical practice. Allergy 2006, 61:633–639.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Ott H, Schroder CM, Stanzel S, et al.: Microarray-based IgE detection in capillary blood samples of patients with atopy. Allergy 2006, 61:1146–1147.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Harwanegg C, Hutter S, Hiller R: Allergen microarrays for the diagnosis of specific IgE against components of cow’s milk and hen’s egg in a multiplex biochip-based immunoassay. Methods Mol Biol 2007, 385:145–157.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Untersmayr E, Lukschal A, Hemmer W, et al.: Exercise with latex sport bands represents a risk for latex allergic patients. Immunol Lett 2008, 115:98–104.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Musu T, Rabillon J, Pelletier C, et al.: Simultaneous quantitation of specific IgE against 20 purified allergens in allergic patients sera by checkerboard immunoblotting (CBIB). J Clin Lab Anal 1997, 11:357–362.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Fulton RJ, McDade RL, Smith PL, et al.: Advanced multiplexed analysis with the FlowMetrix system. Clin Chem 1997, 43:1749–1756.PubMed
33.
Schweitzer B, Wiltshire S, Lambert J, et al.: Immunoassays with rolling circle DNA amplification: a versatile platform for ultrasensitive antigen detection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000, 97:10113–10119.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Kim TE, Park SW, Cho NY, et al.: Quantitative measurement of serum allergen-specific IgE on protein chip. Exp Mol Med 2002, 34:152–158.PubMed
35.
Bacarese-Hamilton T, Mezzasoma L, Ingham C, et al.: Detection of allergen-specific IgE on microarrays by use of signal amplification techniques. Clin Chem 2002, 48:1367–1370.PubMed
36.
Matsubara Y, Murakami Y, Kobayashi M, et al.: Application of on-chip cell cultures for the detection of allergic response. Biosens Bioelectron 2004, 19:741–747.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Han MK, Seo MH, Lee D, et al.: Optimization of critical factors affecting the performance of an allergen chip for the analysis of an allergen-specific human IgE in serum. Anal Sci 2007, 23:545–549.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Hahn YK, Jin Z, Kang JH, et al.: Magnetophoretic immunoassay of allergen-specific IgE in an enhanced magnetic field gradient. Anal Chem 2007, 79:2214–2220.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Suck R, Nandy A, Weber B, et al.: Rapid method for arrayed investigation of IgE-reactivity profiles using natural and recombinant allergens. Allergy 2002, 57:821–824.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Fall BI, Eberlein-Konig B, Behrendt H, et al.: Microarrays for the screening of allergen-specific IgE in human serum. Anal Chem 2003, 75:556–562.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Alcocer MJ, Murtagh GJ, Wilson PB, et al.: The major human structural IgE epitope of the Brazil nut allergen Ber e 1: a chimaeric and protein microarray approach. J Mol Biol 2004, 343:759–769.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Shreffler WG, Lencer DA, Bardina L, Sampson HA: IgE and IgG(4) epitope mapping by microarray immunoassay reveals the diversity of immune response to the peanut allergen, Ara h 2. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005, 116:893–899.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Satinover SM, Reefer AJ, Pomes A, et al.: Specific IgE and IgG antibody-binding patterns to recombinant cockroach allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005, 115:803–809.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Ohyama K, Omura K, Ito Y: A photo-immobilized allergen microarray for screening of allergen-specific IgE. Allergol Int 2005, 54:627–631.CrossRef
45.
Lebrun SJ, Petchpud WN, Hui A, McLaughlin CS: Development of a sensitive, colorometric microarray assay for allergen-responsive human IgE. J Immunol Methods 2005, 300:24–31.CrossRefPubMed
46.
King EM, Vailes LD, Tsay A, et al.: Simultaneous detection of total and allergen-specific IgE by using purified allergens in a fluorescent multiplex array. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007, 120:1126–1131.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Gaudin JC, Rabesona H, Choiset Y, et al.: Assessment of the immunoglobulin E-mediated immune response to milk-specific proteins in allergic patients using microarrays. Clin Exp Allergy 2008, 38:686–693.CrossRefPubMed
48.
•• Cerecedo I, Zamora J, Shreffler WG, et al.: Mapping of the IgE and IgG4 sequential epitopes of milk allergens with a peptide microarray-based immunoassay. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008, 122:589–594. This study shows advanced microtechnology applied to measurement of different immunoglobulin isotypes toward peptides to describe milk allergen epitope recognition.
49.
Heyries KA, Loughran MG, Hoffmann D, et al.: Microfluidic biochip for chemiluminescent detection of allergen-specific antibodies. Biosens Bioelectron 2008, 23:1812–1818.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Gadermaier G, Wopfner N, Wallner M, et al.: Array-based profiling of ragweed and mugwort pollen allergens. Allergy 2008, 63:1543–1549.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Ott H, Baron JM, Heise R, et al.: Clinical usefulness of microarray-based IgE detection in children with suspected food allergy. Allergy 2008, 63:1521–1528.CrossRefPubMed
52.
• Matsumoto N, Okochi M, Matsushima M, et al.: Development of peptide arrays for detection of IgE-binding epitopes in cow’s milk allergens. J Biosci Bioeng 2009, 107:324–330. Microtechnology is used to measure IgE response to peptides identifying epitopes.
53.
• Cretich M, Di Carlo G, Giudici C, et al.: Detection of allergen specific immunoglobulins by microarrays coupled to microfluidics. Proteomics 2009, 9:2098–2107. This is an example of a further microtechnology, microfluidics, applied to in vitro detection of IgE.
54.
Constantin C, Quirce S, Poorafshar M, et al.: Micro-arrayed wheat seed and grass pollen allergens for component-resolved diagnosis. Allergy 2009, 64:1030–1037.CrossRefPubMed
55.
•• Scala E, Alessandri C, Bernardi ML, et al.: Cross-sectional survey on immunoglobulin E reactivity in 23 077 subjects using an allergenic molecule-based microarray detection system. Clin Exp Allergy 2010, 40:911–921. This is the first high-throughput study ever published in the allergy/immunology field based on electronically collected routine diagnostic data that were analyzed as an epidemiologic survey. Prevalence of IgE recognition, demographical data distribution, along with new clustering analysis representation were reported.
56.
Mari A: Skin test with a Timothy grass (Phleum pratense) pollen extract vs IgE to a Timothy extract vs IgE to rPhl p 1, rPhl p 2, nPhl p 4, rPhl p 5, rPhl p 6, rPhl p 7, rPhl p 11, and rPhl p 12: epidemiological and diagnostic data. Clin Exp Allergy 2003, 33:43–51.CrossRefPubMed
57.
Zennaro D, Palazzo P, Pomponi D, et al.: Retrospective comparative analysis of skin test and IgE reactivity to extracts, and singleplexed or multiplexed allergenic molecules. Allergy 2007, 62:S153.
58.
Akkerdaas JH, Wensing M, Knulst AC, et al.: How accurate and safe is the diagnosis of hazelnut allergy by means of commercial skin prick test reagents? Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2003, 132:132–140.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Zuidmeer L, van Leeuwen WA, Kleine Budde I, et al.: Allergenicity assessment of apple cultivars: hurdles in quantifying labile fruit allergens. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2006, 141:230–240.CrossRefPubMed
60.
Tuppo L, Giangrieco I, Palazzo P, et al.: Kiwellin, a modular protein from green and gold kiwi fruits: evidence of in vivo and in vitro processing and IgE binding. J Agric Food Chem 2008, 56:3812–3817.CrossRefPubMed
61.
Ciardiello MA, D’Avino R, Amoresano A, et al.: The peculiar structural features of kiwi fruit pectin methylesterase: amino acid sequence, oligosaccharides structure, and modeling of the interaction with its natural proteinaceous inhibitor. Proteins 2008, 71:195–206.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Bernardi ML, Palazzo P, Tuppo L, et al.: Pectin methylesterase (Act d 7) and pectin methylesterase inhibitor (Act d 6): two new kiwi fruit allergens. Allergy 2008, 63:S585.
63.
Deinhofer K, Sevcik H, Balic N, et al.: Microarrayed allergens for IgE profiling. Methods 2004, 32:249–254.
64.
Rona RJ, Keil T, Summers C, et al.: The prevalence of food allergy: a meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007, 120:638–646.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Zuidmeer L, Goldhahn K, Rona RJ, et al.: The prevalence of plant food allergies: a systematic review. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008, 121:1210–1218.CrossRefPubMed
66.
Valenta R, Niederberger V: Recombinant allergens for immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007, 119:826–830.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Fernandez-Rivas M, Bolhaar S, Gonzalez-Mancebo E, et al.: Apple allergy across Europe: how allergen sensitization profiles determine the clinical expression of allergies to plant foods. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006, 118:481–488.CrossRefPubMed
68.
• Barber D, De la Torre F, Feo F, et al.: Understanding patient sensitization profiles in complex pollen areas: a molecular epidemiological study. Allergy 2008, 63:1550–1558. This was a comprehensive survey in a geographical region using singleplex allergens on a standard IVD system.
69.
Mari A, Ooievaar-de Heer P, Scala E, et al.: Evaluation by double-blind placebo-controlled oral challenge of the clinical relevance of IgE antibodies against plant glycans. Allergy 2008, 63:891–896.CrossRefPubMed
70.
Kleine-Tebbe J, Vogel L, Crowell DN, et al.: Severe oral allergy syndrome and anaphylactic reactions caused by a Bet v 1- related PR-10 protein in soybean, SAM22. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002, 110:797–804.CrossRefPubMed
71.
Ballmer-Weber BK, Holzhauser T, Scibilia J, et al.: Clinical characteristics of soybean allergy in Europe: a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007, 119:1489–1496.CrossRefPubMed
72.
Zuidmeer L, van Ree R: Lipid transfer protein allergy: primary food allergy or pollen/food syndrome in some cases. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2007, 7:269–273.CrossRefPubMed
73.
Harwanegg C, Hiller R: Protein microarrays for the diagnosis of allergic diseases: state-of-the-art and future development. Clin Chem Lab Med 2005, 43:1321–1326.CrossRefPubMed
74.
Zennaro D, Scala E, Pomponi D, et al.: Defining IgE specificities in reported cases of IPEX syndrome by means of ISAC proteomic microarray system. Allergy 2008, 63:S41.
75.
Bousquet J, Anto JM, Bachert C, et al.: Factors responsible for differences between asymptomatic subjects and patients presenting an IgE sensitization to allergens. A GA2LEN project. Allergy 2006, 61:671–680.CrossRefPubMed
76.
Vieths S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K: EuroPrevall food allergen library. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008, 52(Suppl 2):S157–S158.CrossRefPubMed
77.
•• Ciardiello MA, Palazzo P, Bernardi ML, et al.: Biochemical, immunological and clinical characterization of a cross-reactive nonspecific lipid transfer protein 1 from mulberry. Allergy 2010, 65:597–605. This was a combined application of microarrayed IgE-tested allergens for patient selection plus population survey plus inhibition experiments.
78.
•• Gadermaier G, Harrer A, Girbl T, et al.: Isoform identification and characterization of Art v 3, the lipid-transfer protein of mugwort pollen. Mol Immunol 2009, 46:1919–1924. Microarrayed allergens were used for single-point highest inhibition achievable assay to define features of isoforms produced as recombinant allergen.
79.
•• Krause S, Reese G, Randow S, et al.: Lipid transfer protein (Ara h 9) as a new peanut allergen relevant for a Mediterranean allergic population. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009, 124:771e5–778.e5. A single-point highest inhibition achievable assay was used to define features of newly characterized allergen and IgE response to peanut allergen survey of a population for defining clinical relevance of allergens in causing the clinical disease.
80.
•• Mari A, Rasi C, Palazzo P, Scala E: Allergen databases: current status and perspectives. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2009, 9:376–383. This review examined current information technology–based tools to be used in combination with microarray-based IVDs for allergic diseases.
Metadaten
Titel
Microarrayed Allergen Molecules for the Diagnosis of Allergic Diseases
verfasst von
Adriano Mari
Claudia Alessandri
Maria Livia Bernardi
Rosetta Ferrara
Enrico Scala
Danila Zennaro
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2010
Verlag
Current Science Inc.
Erschienen in
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports / Ausgabe 5/2010
Print ISSN: 1529-7322
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6315
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-010-0132-0

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2010

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 5/2010 Zur Ausgabe

ReviewPaper

Are Specific Allergen Sensitivities Inherited?

ReviewPaper

The Role of Inhalant Food Allergens in Occupational Asthma

ReviewPaper

Component Resolved Testing for Allergic Sensitization

ReviewPaper

Asthma and Rhinitis in the Workplace

Clinical Trial Report

Exposure to Indoor Fungi: A New Paradigm

ReviewPaper

A Developmental, Community, and Psychosocial Approach to Food Allergies in Children

Neu im Fachgebiet HNO

Erhebliches Risiko für Kehlkopfkrebs bei mäßiger Dysplasie

29.05.2024 Larynxkarzinom Nachrichten

Fast ein Viertel der Personen mit mäßig dysplastischen Stimmlippenläsionen entwickelt einen Kehlkopftumor. Solche Personen benötigen daher eine besonders enge ärztliche Überwachung.

Hörschwäche erhöht Demenzrisiko unabhängig von Beta-Amyloid

29.05.2024 Hörstörungen Nachrichten

Hört jemand im Alter schlecht, nimmt das Hirn- und Hippocampusvolumen besonders schnell ab, was auch mit einem beschleunigten kognitiven Abbau einhergeht. Und diese Prozesse scheinen sich unabhängig von der Amyloidablagerung zu ereignen.

„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

17.05.2024 Klinik aktuell Nachrichten

Sie sei „ethisch geboten“, meint Gesundheitsminister Karl Lauterbach: mehr Transparenz über die Qualität von Klinikbehandlungen. Um sie abzubilden, lässt er gegen den Widerstand vieler Länder einen virtuellen Klinik-Atlas freischalten.

Betalaktam-Allergie: praxisnahes Vorgehen beim Delabeling

16.05.2024 Pädiatrische Allergologie Nachrichten

Die große Mehrheit der vermeintlichen Penicillinallergien sind keine. Da das „Etikett“ Betalaktam-Allergie oft schon in der Kindheit erworben wird, kann ein frühzeitiges Delabeling lebenslange Vorteile bringen. Ein Team von Pädiaterinnen und Pädiatern aus Kanada stellt vor, wie sie dabei vorgehen.

Update HNO

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.

Newsletter bestellen
Bildnachweise