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07.02.2023 | Review Article

Pancreatic Cancer: Genetic Conditions and Epigenetic Alterations

verfasst von: Eduardo E. Montalvo-Javé, MD PhD FACS, Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri, PhD, Guillermo Nahúm López-Sánchez, MD PhD, Edwin A. Ayala-Moreno, MD, Gabriela Gutierrez-Reyes, PhD, Joal Beane, MD, Timothy M. Pawlik, MD PhD MPH

Erschienen in: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery | Ausgabe 5/2023

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Abstract

Background

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal proliferative disease driven by multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. Microarrays and omics-based sequencing techniques are potent tools that have facilitated a broader understanding of the complex biological processes that drive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In turn, these tools have resulted in the identification of novel disease markers, prognostic factors, and therapeutic targets. Herein, we provide a review of the genetic and epigenetic drivers of PDAC relative to recent discoveries that impact patient management.

Methods

A review of PubMed, Medline, Clinical Key, and Index Medicus was conducted to identify literature from January 1995 to July 2022 that is related to PDAC genetics and epigenetics. Articles in Spanish and English were considered during selection.

Results

Molecular, genetic, and epigenetic diagnostic tools, novel biomarkers, and promising therapeutic targets have emerged in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The implementation of microarray technology and application of large omics-based data repositories have facilitated recent discoveries in PDAC. Multiple molecular analyses based on RNA interference have been instrumental in the identification of novel therapeutic targets for patients with PDAC. Moreover, microarrays and next-generation omics-based discoveries have been instrumental in the characterization of subtypes of pancreatic cancer, thereby improving prognostication and refining patient selection for available targeted therapies.

Conclusion

Advances in molecular biology, genetics, and epigenetics have ushered in a new era of discovery in the pathobiology of PDAC. Current efforts are underway to translate these findings into clinical tools and therapies to improve outcomes in patients with PDAC.

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Titel: Pancreatic Cancer: Genetic Conditions and Epigenetic Alterations
verfasst von: Eduardo E. Montalvo-Javé, MD PhD FACS
Natalia Nuño-Lámbarri, PhD
Guillermo Nahúm López-Sánchez, MD PhD
Edwin A. Ayala-Moreno, MD
Gabriela Gutierrez-Reyes, PhD
Joal Beane, MD
Timothy M. Pawlik, MD PhD MPH
Publikationsdatum: 07.02.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery / Ausgabe 5/2023
Print ISSN: 1091-255X
Elektronische ISSN: 1873-4626
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-022-05553-0

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