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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie 2/2017

09.02.2017 | Vorhofflimmern | CME

Postoperatives Vorhofflimmern

Bedeutung, Prophylaxe und Therapie

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. M. Knaut, M. Sindt, T. Madej

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie | Ausgabe 2/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Postoperativ neu aufgetretenes Vorhofflimmern zählt zu den häufigsten Komplikationen nach herzchirurgischen Eingriffen (30–50 %) und ist mit einer signifikant erhöhten Morbidität, Mortalität und längeren Behandlungsdauer assoziiert. Wichtigste präoperative Risikofaktoren sind ein höheres Alter, Mitralklappenerkrankung sowie die linksatriale Dilatation. Der Pathomechanismus der Entstehung ist multifaktoriell und beinhaltet sowohl eine Prädisposition als auch das Vorhandensein von perioperativen Auslösern. In der Prophylaxe werden in erster Linie orale β‑Blocker und Amiodaron empfohlen. Bei der Prävention thromboembolischer Komplikationen wird postoperativ zunächst eine parenterale, auf das Blutungsrisiko adaptierte, Antikoagulation angesetzt. Bei >48 h anhaltendem postoperativem Vorhofflimmern sollte eine längerfristige orale Antikoagulation angesetzt werden. Die rhythmus- oder frequenzkontrollierende Strategie wird anhand der hämodynamischen Stabilität, Symptomatik sowie des Wunsches des Patienten festgelegt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Postoperatives Vorhofflimmern
Bedeutung, Prophylaxe und Therapie
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. M. Knaut
M. Sindt
T. Madej
Publikationsdatum
09.02.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie / Ausgabe 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0930-9225
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1277
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-017-0140-7

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