Background
Methods
Study population and covariates
Immunohistochemistry
HSP47 expression scores in lung cancer cells
Expression | Conditions |
---|---|
Positive | > = 50% of all cancer cells express score 2 or 3 |
Negative | 1–50% of all cancer cells express score 2 or 3 |
All cancer cells express score 0 or 1 |
Quantitation of HSP47-positive fibroblasts in cancer stroma
Lung cancer staging
Statistical analysis
Results
Participant characteristics
Characteristics | % or (IQR) | [n] | |
---|---|---|---|
N, no | 133 | ||
Age, median | 70 | (62.0–77.0) | [133] |
Sex Male, no | 87 | 65.4% | [133] |
BMI (kg/m2), median | 22.8 | (20.9–24.7) | [133] |
History of smoking, no | 76 | 61.8% | [123] |
Brinkman index, median | 900 | (500–1393) | [81] |
Pulmonary function test | |||
%VC, median (%) | 110.7 | (100.9–120.6) | [103] |
FEV1/FVC, median (%) | 73.9 | (64.7–77.6) | [103] |
%DLCO, median (%) | 88.6 | (75.7–105.7) | [98] |
KL-6, median (U/mL) | 234 | (169.5–321) | [81] |
Orgnization type of lung cancer | |||
Adenocarcinoma, no | 99 | 74.4% | [133] |
Squamous cell carcinoma, no | 24 | 18.0% | [133] |
Small cell caricnoma, no | 4 | 3.0% | [133] |
LCNEC, no | 4 | 3.0% | [133] |
Adenosquamous cell carcinoma, no | 2 | 1.5% | [133] |
Tumor size (mm) | 23 | (15–32.5) | [133] |
pT classification, no (T3, T4) | 28 | 26.4% | [133] |
pN classification, no (N1, N2) | 23 | 17.3% | [133] |
pM classification, no (M1) | 2 | 1.5% | [133] |
pStage | |||
I | 100 | 77.4% | [133] |
II | 19 | 14.2% | [133] |
III | 12 | 7.6% | [133] |
IV | 2 | 0.9% | [133] |
Comparison of patient characteristics between patients with HSP47-positive and HSP47-negative lung cancer cells
Characteristics | HSP47 expresion in cancer cells | P value | Number of HSP47-positive fibroblasts | P value | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | High | Low | |||||||||||
% or (IQR) | [n] | % or (IQR) | [n] | % or (IQR) | [n] | % or (IQR) | [n] | |||||||
N, no | 67 | 50.4% | 66 | 49.6% | 91 | 68.4% | 42 | 31.6% | ||||||
Age, median | 69 | (61.0–77.0) | [67] | 74 | (63.0–77.0) | [66] | p = 0.341 | 71 | (63.0–77.0) | [91] | 68.5 | (61.0–77.0) | [42] | p = 0.673 |
Sex Male, no | 41 | 61.2% | [67] | 46 | 69.7% | [66] | p = 0.363 | 68 | 74.7% | [91] | 19 | 45.2% | [42] | p = 0.015* |
BMI (kg/m2), median | 22.8 | (20.9–25.0) | [67] | 22.8 | (20.8–24.5) | [66] | p = 0.968 | 22.9 | (21.5–25.0) | [91] | 21.9 | (20.7–24.0) | [42] | p = 0.263 |
History of smoking, no | 30 | 48.4% | [62] | 17 | 27.9% | [61] | p = 0.026* | 61 | 71.8% | [85] | 15 | 39.5% | [38] | p = 0.012* |
Brinkman index, median | 877.5 | (455–1515) | [30] | 900 | (562–1200) | [17] | p = 0.322 | 900 | (680–1500) | [61] | 620 | (275–1125) | [15] | p = 0.042* |
Pulmonary function test | ||||||||||||||
%VC, median (%) | 111.4 | (102.3–120.4) | [53] | 109 | (98.2–122.3) | [50] | p = 0.611 | 106.4 | (94.0–120.1) | [68] | 115 | (104.1–123.2) | [35] | p = 0.041* |
FEV1/FVC, median (%) | 73.9 | (64.4–80.3) | [53] | 73.4 | (66.8–77.0) | [50] | p = 0.559 | 73.5 | (64.8–79.0) | [68] | 74.6 | (64.5–77.4) | [35] | p = 0.983 |
%DLCO, median (%) | 97.6 | (82.1–109.9) | [50] | 80.9 | (65.0–97.1) | [48] | p = 0.001* | 84.3 | (73.4–104.3) | [65] | 93.4 | (77.0–109.1) | [33] | p = 0.371 |
KL-6, median (U/mL) | 193 | (152.0–303.5) | [37] | 263 | (178–370.3) | [44] | p = 0.020* | 247 | (171–345.5) | [56] | 231 | (167.5–316.5) | [16] | p = 0.377 |
Adenocarcinoma, no | 60 | 89.6% | [67] | 39 | 59.1% | [66] | p < 0.001* | 57 | 62.6% | [91] | 42 | 100.0% | [42] | p < 0.001* |
pT classification, no (T3, T4) | 2 | 3.0% | [67] | 6 | 9.1% | [66] | p = 0.165 | 8 | 8.8% | [91] | 0 | 0.0% | [42] | p = 0.557 |
pN classification, no (N1, N2) | 8 | 11.9% | [67] | 15 | 22.7% | [66] | p = 0.114 | 21 | 23.1% | [91] | 2 | 4.8% | [42] | p = 0.012* |
pM classification, no (M1) | 1 | 1.5% | [67] | 1 | 1.5% | [66] | p = 1.000 | 2 | 2.2% | [91] | 0 | 0.0% | [42] | p = 1.000 |
pStage | p = 0.125 | p = 0.025* | ||||||||||||
I | 56 | 83.6% | [67] | 44 | 66.7% | [66] | 62 | 68.1% | [91] | 38 | 90.5% | [42] | ||
II | 7 | 10.5% | [67] | 12 | 18.2% | [66] | 15 | 16.5% | [91] | 4 | 9.5% | [42] | ||
III | 3 | 4.5% | [67] | 9 | 13.7% | [66] | 12 | 13.2% | [91] | 0 | 0.0% | [42] | ||
IV | 1 | 1.5% | [67] | 1 | 1.5% | [66] | 2 | 2.2% | [91] | 0 | 0.0% | [42] | ||
Recurrence, no | 13 | 19.4% | [67] | 16 | 24.2% | [66] | p = 0.535 | 27 | 29.7% | [91] | 2 | 4.8% | [42] | p = 0.001* |
Primary disease death, no | 12 | 17.9% | [67] | 7 | 10.6% | [66] | p = 0.3221 | 15 | 16.5% | [91] | 3 | 7.1% | [42] | p = 0.173 |
HSP47 expression positive in cancer cells, no | – | – | – | – | 39 | 42.9% | [91] | 28 | 66.7% | [42] | p = 0.015* | |||
HSP47-positive fibroblasts, no | 71.0 | (28.5–117.5) | [67] | 125 | (74.1–180.6) | [66] | p < 0.001* | – | – | – | – |
Comparison of patient characteristics between patients with high and low number of HSP47-positive fibroblasts in the cancer stroma
Survival curve and risk factors for recurrence and death
Characteristics | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | (95% CI) | P value | OR | (95% CI) | P value | |
Age | 1.015 | (0.9717–1.063) | p = 0.498 | |||
Sex Male | 6.109 | (1.987–26.75) | p < 0.001* | 3.071 | (0.611–18.84) | p = 0.176 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 1.082 | (0.919–1.304) | p = 0.351 | |||
History of smoking | 4.665 | (1.642–16.82) | p = 0.003* | 1.478 | (0.321–7.852) | p = 0.622 |
Pulmonary function test | ||||||
%VC | 0.986 | (0.960–1.000) | p = 0.121 | |||
FEV1/FVC | 0.958 | (0.934–1.019) | p = 0.264 | |||
%DLCO | 0.991 | (0.971–1.000) | p = 0.244 | |||
KL-6 | 1.002 | (0.999–1.006) | p = 0.175 | |||
Adenocarcinoma | 0.362 | (0.149–0.886) | p = 0.027* | 0.733 | (0.263–2.037) | p = 0.550 |
HSP47 expression in lung cancer (Positive) | 0.586 | (0.230–1.586) | p = 0.283 | |||
Number of HSP47-positive fibroblasts (High) | 8.437 | (2.351–54.07) | p = 0.004* | 4.371 | (1.054–29.83) | p = 0.042* |