nach oben

The Cerebellum

Erschienen in:

01.09.2008

The Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Type I Receptor is Expressed in the Mouse Cerebellum

verfasst von: Asher J. Albertson, Heather Talbott, Qi Wang, Dane Jensen, Donal C. Skinner

Erschienen in: The Cerebellum | Ausgabe 3/2008

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a decapeptide hypothalamic hormone that was named according to its first discovered function—at the head of the neuroendocrine reproductive axis. Numerous other organ systems express GnRH and/or its receptor, although a specific physiological role for GnRH outside of the reproductive axis has yet to be established. Several studies in lower vertebrates have reported GnRH and/or its receptor in the cerebellum. Here, we describe the presence of immunoreactive GnRH receptors in the Purkinje cells of the mammalian cerebellum for the first time. This study provides compelling anatomical evidence for a common link between the cerebellum and the hypothalamo–pituitary axis. Dysfunction of this link occurs in the rare genetic ataxia disorders—Gordon Holmes syndrome and Boucher–Neuhauser syndrome.

Clarke IJ, Thomas GB, Yao B, Cummins JT (1987) GnRH secretion throughout the ovine estrous cycle. Neuroendocrinology 46:82–88PubMedCrossRef

Rogers MC, Silverman AJ, Gibson MJ (1997) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone axons target the median eminence: in vitro evidence for diffusible chemoattractive signals from the mediobasal hypothalamus. Endocrinology 138:3956–3966PubMedCrossRef

Sealfon SC, Weinstein H, Millar RP (1997) Molecular mechanisms of ligand interaction with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor. Endocr Rev 18:180–205PubMedCrossRef

Jennes L, Dalati B, Conn PM (1988) Distribution of gonadrotropin releasing hormone agonist binding sites in the rat central nervous system. Brain Res 452:156–164PubMedCrossRef

Jennes L, Woolums S (1994) Localization of gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor mRNA in rat brain. Endocrine 2:521–528

Dolan S, Evans NP, Richter TA, Nolan AM (2003) Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor in sheep spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 346:120–122PubMedCrossRef

Riskind P, Moss RL (1983) Midbrain LHRH infusions enhance lordotic behavior in ovariectomized estrogen-primed rats independently of a hypothalamic responsiveness to LHRH. Brain Res Bull 11:481–485PubMedCrossRef

Lu F, Yang JM, Wu JN, Chen YC, Kao YH, Tung CS, Yang SN (1999) Activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors produces neuronal excitation in the rat hippocampus. Chin J Physiol 42:67–71PubMed

Herbison AE, Hubbard JI, Sirett NE (1984) LH-RH in picomole concentrations evokes excitation and inhibition of rat arcuate neurones in vitro. Neurosci Lett 46:311–315PubMedCrossRef

10.

Renaud LP, Martin JB, Brazeau P (1975) Depressant action of TRH, LH-RH and somatostatin on activity of central neurones. Nature 255:233–235PubMedCrossRef

11.

Phillis JW, Kirkpatrick JR (1980) The actions of motilin, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and other peptides on rat cerebral cortical neurons. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 58:612–623PubMed

12.

Caceres-Dittmar G, Tapia FJ, Guerrero HY, Paiva CL, Marcano D (1993) Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in the brain of the tropical freshwater fish, Pygocentrus notatus (Teleostei-Characidae). Histol Histopathol 8:133–138PubMed

13.

Lepretre E, Anglade I, Williot P, Vandesande F, Tramu G, Kah O (1993) Comparative distribution of mammalian GnRH (gonadotrophin-releasing hormone) and chicken GnRH-II in the brain of the immature Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri). J Comp Neurol 337:568–583PubMedCrossRef

14.

Collin F, Chartrel N, Fasolo A, Conlon JM, Vandesande F, Vaudry H (1995) Distribution of two molecular forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the central nervous system of the frog Rana ridibunda. Brain Res 703:111–128PubMedCrossRef

15.

Tsai PS, Licht P (1993) Differential distribution of chicken-I and chicken-II GnRH in the turtle brain. Peptides 14:221–226PubMedCrossRef

16.

Masucci M, D'Aniello B, Iela L, Ciarcia G, Rastogi RK (1992) Immunohistochemical demonstration of the presence and localization of diverse molecular forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the lizard (Podarcis s. sicula) brain. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 86:81–89PubMedCrossRef

17.

D'Aniello B, Pinelli C, King JA, Rastogi RK (1994) Neuroanatomical organization of GnRH neuronal systems in the lizard (Podarcis s. sicula) brain during development. Brain Res. 657:221–226PubMedCrossRef

18.

Khan MA, Ferro VA, Stimson WH (2003) Use of a highly specific monoclonal antibody against the central variable amino acid sequence of mammalian gonadotropin releasing hormone to evaluate GnRH-I tissue distribution compared with GnRH-I binding sites in adult male rats. Am J Reprod Immunol 49:239–248PubMedCrossRef

19.

Peter RE, Prasada Rao PD, Baby SM, Illing N, Millar RP (2003) Differential brain distribution of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors in the goldfish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 132:399–408PubMedCrossRef

20.

Robison RR, White RB, Illing N, Troskie BE, Morley M, Millar RP, Fernald RD (2001) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor in the teleost Haplochromis burtoni: structure, location, and function. Endocrinology 142:1737–1743PubMedCrossRef

21.

Lopez de Maturana R, Martin B, Millar RP, Brown P, Davidson L, Pawson AJ, Nicol MR, Mason JI, Barran P, Naor Z, Maudsley S (2007) GnRH-mediated DAN production regulates the transcription of the GnRH receptor in gonadotrope cells. Neuromolecular Med 9:230–248PubMedCrossRef

22.

Pasha KV, Vijayan E (1992) Acute and short-term effects of intraventricular injection of somatostatin and LHRH on glutamate and GABA levels in rat brain. Biochem Int 26:7–15PubMed

23.

Seminara SB, Acierno JS Jr, Abdulwahid NA, Crowley WF Jr, Margolin DH (2002) Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and cerebellar ataxia: detailed phenotypic characterization of a large, extended kindred. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:1607–1612PubMedCrossRef

24.

Warembourg M, Leroy D (2000) Microwave pretreatment of sections to improve the immunocytochemical detection of progesterone receptors in the guinea pig hypothalamus. J Neurosci Methods 104:27–34PubMedCrossRef

25.

Skinner DC, Caraty A, Allingham R (2001) Unmasking the progesterone receptor in the preoptic area and the hypothalamus of the ewe: no co-localisation with gonadotropin-releasing neurons. Endocrinology 142:573–579PubMedCrossRef

26.

Bliss SP, Navratil AM, Breed M, Skinner DC, Clay CM, Roberson MS (2007) Signaling complexes associated with the type I gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor: colocalization of extracellularly regulated kinase 2 and GnRH receptor within membrane rafts. Mol Endocrinol 21:538–549PubMedCrossRef

27.

Wilber JF, Montoya E, Plotnikoff NP, White WF, Gendrick R, Renaud L, Martin JB (1976) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone: distribution and effects in the central nervous system. Recent Prog Horm Res 32:117–159PubMed

28.

Skinner DC, Malpaux B, Delaleu B, Caraty A (1995) Luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone in third ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of the ewe: correlation with LH pulses and the LH surge. Endocrinology 136:3230–3237PubMedCrossRef

29.

Pawson AJ, Morgan K, Maudsley SR, Millar RP (2003) Type II gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH-II) in reproductive biology. Reproduction 126:271–278PubMedCrossRef

30.

Morgan K, Sellar R, Pawson AJ, Lu ZL, Millar RP (2006) Bovine and ovine gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-II ligand precursors and type II GnRH receptor genes are functionally inactivated. Endocrinology 147:5041–5051PubMedCrossRef

31.

Gonzalez-Martinez D, Zmora N, Mananos E, Saligaut D, Zanuy S, Zohar Y, Elizur A, Kah O, Munoz-Cueto JA (2002) Immunohistochemical localizaton of three different prepro-GnRHs in the brain and pituitary of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) using antibodies to the corresponding GnRH-associated peptides. J Comp Neurol 446:95–113PubMedCrossRef

32.

Millar RP, Lowe S, Conklin D, Pawson A, Maudsley S, Troskie B, Ott T, Millar M, Lincoln G, Sellar R, Faurholm B, Scobie G, Kuestner R, Terasawa E, Katz A (2001) A novel mammalian receptor for the evolutionarily conserved type II GnRH. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:9636–9641PubMedCrossRef

33.

Morgan K, Millar RP (2004) Evolution of GnRH ligand precursors and GnRH receptors in protochordate and vertebrate species. Gen Comp Endocrinol 139:191–197PubMedCrossRef

34.

Millar RP, Pawson AJ (2004) Outside-in and inside-out signaling: the new concept that selectivity of ligand binding at the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor is modulated by the intracellular environment. Endocrinology 145:3590–3593PubMedCrossRef

35.

Voogd J, Glickstein M (1998) The anatomy of the cerebellum. Trends Neurosci 21:370–375PubMedCrossRef

36.

Quinton R, Barnett P, Coskeran P, Bouloux PM (1999) Gordon Holmes spinocerebellar ataxia: a gonadotrophin deficiency syndrome resistant to treatment with pulsatile gonadotrophin-releasing hormone. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 51:525–529CrossRef

37.

Volpe R, Metzler WS, Johnston MW (1963) Familial hypogonadotrophic eunuchoidism with cerebellar ataxia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 23:107–115PubMedCrossRef

38.

Salvador F, Garcia-Arumi J, Corcostegui B, Minoves T, Tarrus F (1995) Ophthalmologic findings in a patient with cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and chorioretinal dystrophy. Am J Ophthalmol 120:241–244PubMed

39.

Wu S, Page L, Sherwood NM (2006) A role for GnRH in early brain regionalization and eye development in zebrafish. Mol Cell Endocrinol 257–258:47–64PubMedCrossRef

40.

Wirsig-Wiechmann CR, Wiechmann AF (2002) Vole retina is a target for gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Brain Res 950:210–217PubMedCrossRef

41.

Grens KE, Greenwood AK, Fernald RD (2005) Two visual processing pathways are targeted by gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the retina. Brain Behav Evol 66:1–9PubMedCrossRef

Titel: The Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Type I Receptor is Expressed in the Mouse Cerebellum
verfasst von: Asher J. Albertson
Heather Talbott
Qi Wang
Dane Jensen
Donal C. Skinner
Publikationsdatum: 01.09.2008
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: The Cerebellum / Ausgabe 3/2008
Print ISSN: 1473-4222
Elektronische ISSN: 1473-4230
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-008-0038-8

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Neurologie

Sozialer Aufstieg verringert Demenzgefahr

24.05.2024 Demenz Nachrichten

Ein hohes soziales Niveau ist mit die beste Versicherung gegen eine Demenz. Noch geringer ist das Demenzrisiko für Menschen, die sozial aufsteigen: Sie gewinnen fast zwei demenzfreie Lebensjahre. Umgekehrt steigt die Demenzgefahr beim sozialen Abstieg.

Hirnblutung unter DOAK und VKA ähnlich bedrohlich

17.05.2024 Direkte orale Antikoagulanzien Nachrichten

Kommt es zu einer nichttraumatischen Hirnblutung, spielt es keine große Rolle, ob die Betroffenen zuvor direkt wirksame orale Antikoagulanzien oder Marcumar bekommen haben: Die Prognose ist ähnlich schlecht.

Was nützt die Kraniektomie bei schwerer tiefer Hirnblutung?

17.05.2024 Hirnblutung Nachrichten

Eine Studie zum Nutzen der druckentlastenden Kraniektomie nach schwerer tiefer supratentorieller Hirnblutung deutet einen Nutzen der Operation an. Für überlebende Patienten ist das dennoch nur eine bedingt gute Nachricht.

Thrombektomie auch bei großen Infarkten von Vorteil

16.05.2024 Ischämischer Schlaganfall Nachrichten

Auch ein sehr ausgedehnter ischämischer Schlaganfall scheint an sich kein Grund zu sein, von einer mechanischen Thrombektomie abzusehen. Dafür spricht die LASTE-Studie, an der Patienten und Patientinnen mit einem ASPECTS von maximal 5 beteiligt waren.

Update Neurologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2008

Cerebellar Purkinje Cells are Reduced in a Subpopulation of Autistic Brains: A Stereological Experiment Using Calbindin-D28k

Both Cell-Autonomous and Cell Non-Autonomous Functions of GAP-43 are Required for Normal Patterning of the Cerebellum In Vivo

Minocycline Attenuates Microglial Activation but Fails to Mitigate Degeneration in Inferior Olive and Pontine Nuclei After Focal Cerebellar Lesion

Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Increases Frataxin Protein Expression Without Increasing mRNA Expression

Functional Crosstalk Between Cell-Surface and Intracellular Channels Mediated by Junctophilins Essential for Neuronal Functions