Introduction
Methods
Review framework
Review questions
Search strategy
Eligibility criteria
Participants criteria
Studies
Inclusion criteria
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• Any study published in a peer-reviewed journal of qualitative or quantitative design.
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• English articles were included only to obtain articles with enough authoritativeness and professionalism, as well as to avoid language barriers and translation bias.
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• USCNs were reported as primary or secondary outcomes (or expressed in terms of an unresolved desire for support/service provision/concerns that are explicitly referred to and measured as ‘unmet needs’).
Exclusion Criteria
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• Conference articles, abstracts, editorial comments, guidelines, or unpublished works.
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• Any study that included a mixed population, the results were reported together and could not be separated for breast cancer.
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• The reported outcome from patients in the terminal or end-of-life care phase (final weeks/days of life).
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• Any study solely focused on the presence of quality of life, satisfaction, or some specific unmet need (such as unmet symptoms/ psychology problems/ reproductive concerns/ rehabilitation/ diet and so on).
Quality assessment
Study selection and data extraction
Data analysis and synthesis
Results
Literature search
Quality assessment
Literature characteristics
Author team | Year | Country | Study Design | Supportive Care Needs Assessment Tool | Number | Participant | Age | Domains |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baker et al. [33] | 2019 | UK | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 980 | BCSs during or after cancer treatment | 50–54 | PS: 67.2%, PE: 77.6% |
Vuksanovic et al. [72] | 2021 | Australia | Cross-sectional | CSUNQ | 130 | BCSs diagnosed at least one year | NR | PS: 29.1%, PE: 31.6%, FCR: 41.1%, Inf: 26.1%, MC: 29.9% |
Abdollahzadeh et al. [64] | 2014 | Iran | Cross-sectional | SCNS | 136 | BCSs who finished the initial treatment | 46.8 ± 10.1 | PS: 67.8%, PE: 62.7%, FS: 60.5%, Sex: 59.1%, Act: 67.8%, Inf: 70.7% |
Akechi et al. [51] | 2011 | Japan | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 408 | BCSs at all stages and at any time point after diagnosis | 56.1 ± 12.1 | PE: 48%, FCR: 63%, Inf: 45.5%, MC: 50% |
Autade et al. [34] | 2021 | India | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 120 | BCSs at any stage and have completed primary treatment | 52 | PS: 100%, PE: 100%, FS: 40%, Cop: 32.5%, SP: 40% |
Barr et al. [15] | 2020 | Victoria | Cross-sectional | SCNS-Breast | 202 | Young BCSs in early survivorship diagnosed with stage I or stage II | 43.5 ± 5.0 | PE: 67.5%, Act: 63%, Inf: 64%, MC: 64%, PC: 44% |
Batehup et al. [19] | 2021 | UK | Cross-sectional | CaSUN | 540 | BCSs in the first 8 months post-primary treatment | 61.2 ± 11.6 | FS: 85.2%, MS: 85%, SS: 90.9%, Sex: 86.3%, SP: 92%, Inf: 89.2%, Cog: 82.1%, PC: 87% |
Bu et al. [73] | 2022 | Chinese Mainland | Cross-sectional | CSP-BC | 1210 | BCSs who had completed primary therapy | NR | FCR:69%, MS:49.7%, SS: 52%, Fns:48.5%, Act:53.1%, Inf:54.3%, MC:63.2%, Dig:59.5% |
Burris et al. [69] | 2015 | USA | Cross-sectional | CaSUN | 90 | BCSs at stage I-III and had plans for radiation therapy | 55.26 | PS: 25.3%, PE: 27.6%, FCR: 31%, Fns: 28.7%, Cop: 31%, Inf: 36.7%, MC: 36.8% |
Capelan et al. [74] | 2017 | UK | Cross-sectional | HNA + EPR | 625 | BCSs at the early stage(I–III) who had completed initial treatment | 59 ± 13 | PS: 55%, PE: 24%, FS: 5%, Cop: 6%, SP: 4% |
Cheng et al. [52] | 2014 | Singapore | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 150 | BCSs at six months to five years post-treatment period | 55.1 ± 8 | PS: 44%, PE: 29%, Inf: 37% |
Choi et al. [65] | 2013 | Chinese Mainland | Cross-sectional | SCNS | 163 | BCSs who completed first-line cancer treatment | NR | Inf: 59% |
Chou et al. [75] | 2022 | Taiwan China | Cross-sectional | Records | 1129 | BCSs who were receiving treatment | 46–55 | PS: 3.5%, PE: 40.4%, MC: 11.9%, MS: 24.6%, Fns: 0.2% |
Chua et al. [76] | 2020 | Singapore | Cross-sectional | MCCC-CSSN | 438 | BCSs | 56 (25–81) | PS: 46.2%, FCR: 55%, MS: 37.4% |
Chyon et al. [53] | 2016 | Korea | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 117 | BCSs before adjuvant therapy | 45.1 ± 7.25 | PS: 51.7%, PE: 57.7%, FCR: 79.5%, MC: 51.7%, Cop: 49.6%, Act: 52.7%, Inf: 65% |
de Ligt et al. [35] | 2019 | Netherlands | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 404 | BCSs at early-stage during treatment | 62 ± 10.9 | PS: 63.4%, PE: 53% |
Dugan et al. [36] | 2021 | USA | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 76 | BCSs with completed active primary treatment within the past 36 months | 52.6 ± 10.7 | PE: 22%, MS: 9%, Cop: 7%, Inf: 30% |
Edib et al. [54] | 2016 | Malaysia | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 117 | BCSs at all ages and any stages and had survived at least one year after diagnosis | 38.2 ± 27.2 | PS: 56.5%, PE: 66.7%, FCR: 76.1%, Sex: 35%, Cop: 58.1%, Inf: 45.3% |
Farrelly et al. [77] | 2013 | Australia | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 279 | BCSs who had been identified as carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation | 46 ± 13.9 | PE:32.9%, FCR:41.3%, FS:33.1%, Fns: 22.3%, Cop: 39.7%, Inf: 29.1%, PC: 35.5% |
Fong et al. [55] | 2016 | Malaysia | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 101 | BCSs | 57.9 ± 9.53 | FCR: 16.8%, MS: 14.9%, Inf: 20.8%, MC: 3.2% |
Shiha et al. [78] | 2020 | Hong Kong China | Cross-sectional | CCSUNS | 157 | BCSs with survival duration 2–5 years | 55.2 ± 10.6 | PS: 49.7%, PE: 20.4%, FCR: 60.5%, Cop: 29.9%, Inf: 52.9%, MC: 25.8%, Dig: 21% |
Shiha et al. [78] | 2020 | Hong Kong China | Cross-sectional | CCSUNS | 192 | BCSs with survive duration over 5 years | 57.34 ± 9.6 | PS:18.2%, PE:15.1%, FCR:47.7%, FS:15.6%, MS:19%, Cop:10.4%, Inf:44.8%, MC:44.3% |
Hwang et al. [66] | 2006 | Korea | Cross-sectional | SCNS | 459 | BCSs | NR | PE: 46.5%, MS: 53.8%, Inf: 48.8%, MC: 46.8% |
Lamb et al. [56] | 2011 | Hong Kong China | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 348 | Chinese BCSs | NR | PS: 10.6%, PE: 16%, FCR:16.4%, MS: 31.2%, Inf: 52%, MC: 52.2% |
Lamb et al. [56] | 2011 | Hong Kong China | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 293 | German Caucasian BCSs | NR | PS: 48.9%, PE: 43.6%, FCR: 57.1%, MS: 32%, Inf: 37%, MC: 35.6% |
Garryc et al. [37] | 2013 | UK | Mixed | SMQ | 101 | BCSs who were currently diagnosed or attending follow-up clinics | NR | PS: 44.5%, PE: 35%, MS: 65% |
Meer et al. [38] | 2017 | British Columbia | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 132 | BCSs | NR | Act:58%, MC: 64%, FCR, Inf |
Mirzaei et al. [57] | 2019 | NR | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 190 | BCSs under chemotherapy and radiotherapy | NR | PS: 14.5%, PE: 31.3%, Inf: 36% |
Allison et al. [39] | 2021 | USA | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 199 | BCSs who had completed primary cancer therapy | 59 | PS: 55%, PE: 55%, FCR: 73% |
Napoles et al. [79] | 2016 | Spanish | Cross-sectional | Tel-survey | 118 | BCSs with completed treatment within 10 years | NR | PS: 29.5%, PE: 33.7%, Act: 69%, Inf: 70% |
Sleight et al. [80] | 2018 | USA | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 99 | BCSs with completed primary treatment | 54.0 ± 8.6 | PS:39%, PE:37.5%, FCR:49%, MS: 42%, Cop:35%, Act:49.5%, Inf:43%, MC:54% |
Winnie et al. [58] | 2014 | Hong Kong China | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 163 | BCSs at one year after cancer treatment | NR | Inf: 59% |
Wangd et al. [59] | 2018 | Chinese Mainland | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 121 | Rural BCSs after treatment | 49.5 ± 9.7 | FCR: 57.8%, MS: 46.5%, Inf: 57%, MC: 49.2% |
Wangd et al. [59] | 2018 | Chinese Mainland | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 143 | Urban BCSs after treatment | 49.5 ± 9.7 | PE: 38.5%, FCR: 46.2%, MS: 36.4%, Cop: 47.6%, Act: 35.7%, Inf: 42%, MC: 44.1% |
Annika et al. [40] | 2013 | Denmark | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 261 | BCSs during and after primary treatment for 4 months | 60 | Inf: 18%, MC: 15%, MS: 12% |
Palmer et al. [41] | 2017 | NR | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 103 | BCSs diagnosed over 3 years | 62.7 | PS: 60%, Sex: 55% |
Park et al. [67] | 2012 | Korea | Cross-sectional | SCNS | 1084 | BCSs at stages I, II, or III | NR | MS: 47.9%, Inf: 44%, MC: 43.7% |
Park et al. [68] | 2013 | Korea | Cross-sectional | SCNS | 52 | BCSs | 48.34 ± 8.3 | PE:26.9%, FCR:33.1%, FS:29.6%, MS: 30.1%, Inf: 37.6%, MC:41.5%, PC: 29.6% |
Silvia et al. [50] | 2013 | Switzerland | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 175 | BCSs under treatment | NR | PS: 79.6%, PE: 24.1%, Dig: 55.8% |
Schmidt et al. [43] | 2018 | Germany | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 190 | BCSs survived 5 years after diagnosis | NR | PS: 37.5%, Cog: 36% |
Tsunge et al. [31] | 2017 | Malaysia | Mixed | SCNS-SF34 | 259 | BCSs | 56.2 ± 10.3 | FCR:42.9%, Act |
Ellegaard et al. [70] | 2017 | Denmark | Cross-sectional | CaSUN | 155 | BCSs between three months and five years after diagnosis | 63 | MS: 34.8%, Inf: 22.3%, Cop: 41.3%, PS: 20%, PE: 13.5, FCR: 16.1% |
Hodgkinson et al. [45] | 2007 | Australia | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 117 | BCSs diagnosed 2–10 years | 61 | FCR:32.7%, Inf: 28.2%, MS: 21.8%, Cop:18.5%, Fns: 19.3%, MC: 18.5% |
Winnie et al. [61] | 2013 | Hong Kong China | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 376 | BCSs completed treatment less than 1 year ago | 53.8 ± 11.5 | PS:7.2%, FCR:12%, PE:5.9%, Sex:3.7%, MS: 31.5%, MC: 19.1%, MS:35.9%, Inf: 30.7% |
Elsousg et al. [81] | 2023 | Palestine | Mix | SCNS-SF34 | 352 | BCSs | NR | PE: 63%, Inf: 62%, PS:61%, Act: 61% |
Chae et al. [71] | 2019 | Korea | Cross-sectional | CNAT | 332 | BCSs | NR | PS, FCR, MS, Inf, MC |
Hernández et al. [60] | 2019 | Mexico | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 186 | BCSs during adjuvant endocrine therapy | 54.5 ± 10.7 | PS, PE, Fns, Sex, Dig |
Han et al. [44] | 2019 | Korea | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 146 | BCSs who had undergone surgery and treatment | 48.53 ± 8.2 | PS, PE, MS, Inf, Sex |
Lee et al. [30] | 2021 | Korea | Cross-sectional | CNAT | 426 | Physicians and BCSs | NR | PE, FCR, MS, Inf, MC |
Burgmann et al. [82] | 2016 | Germany | Cross-sectional | QSCP | 88 | Young BCSs aged below 40 | NR | FCR, Sex, PE, fear of further hospital stays |
Chowdhury et al. [62] | 2022 | Bangladesh | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 138 | BCSs | 40.5 ± 10.55 | Inf |
Fong et al. [63] | 2019 | Malaysia | Cross-sectional | SCNS-SF34 | 259 | BCSs | 56.2 ± 10.29 | Fns, Cop, MS, FS, SS, SP |
Gálvez et al. [83] | 2018 | Mexico | Cross-sectional | unmet SCN | 150 | Young BCSs | 36 | Inf |
Gilmore et al. [46] | 2014 | USA | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 114 | Adult BCSs for their initial survivorship | NR | PS, PE, MS, Sex |
Tan et al. [47] | 2015 | USA | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 34 | BCSs | 64.7 ± 12.7 | Cop, Inf |
Wong et al. [48] | 2020 | USA | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 746 | BCSs in the first 15 months after diagnosis | NR | Act, MC |
Thewes et al. [49] | 2004 | Australia | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 95 | BCSs | NR | PE, Inf, MC |
Silvia et al. [50] | 2011 | Switzerland | Cross-sectional | SMQ | 72 | BCSs | 57.5 ± 11.8 | PS, PE, Sex |
Chengf et al. [32] | 2018 | Singapore | Mixed | SCNS | 250 | BCSs with completed treatment | 54.7 ± 8.2 | MS, PE, PS, Inf, Sex |
Elsousg et al. [81] | 2023 | Palestine | Mixed | Interviews | 25 | BCSs | NR | MS, FS, SS, Sex, Dig |
Chengf et al. [32] | 2018 | Singapore | Mixed | Interviews | 80 | BCSs with completed treatment | 55.3 ± 7.6 | MS, Inf, SS, FCR, Fns, Cop |
Beatty et al. [84] | 2008 | Australia | Qualitative | Interviews | 34 | Early-stage BCSs within the past 12 months | 53.5 ± 12.5 | PS, Cog, PE, Cop |
Adams et al. [85] | 2017 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 15 | Rural BCSs | NR | PS, Cog, PE, Cop, Inf, SP, SS |
Dönmez et al. [86] | 2021 | Turkey | Qualitative | Interviews | 19 | BCSs with breast cancer-related lymphedema | 52.15 ± 7.7 | PS, Act, PE, SS, Inf, FS |
Beaver et al. [87] | 2016 | UK | Qualitative | Interviews | 20 | BCSs with completed neo-adjuvant chemotherapy | NR | Inf, PE |
Brown et al. [14] | 2018 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 68 | BCSs with gender minority | 18–75 | Cog, Sex, SS |
Li et al. [88] | 2014 | Chinese Mainland | Qualitative | Interviews | 154 | BCSs who had undergone surgery | NR | Inf, PS, Sex, Dig |
Cheng et al. [89] | 2016 | Chinese Mainland | Qualitative | Interviews | 29 | BCSs | NR | FCR, PS, Dig, Sex, Fns |
Cheng et al. [32] | 2017 | Singapore | Qualitative | Interviews | 60 | BCSs | NR | Cop, MS, Act |
Ddungu et al. [90] | 2018 | Uganda | Qualitative | Interviews | 252 | BCSs with metastatic breast cancer | NR | PS, Act, Inf, Cog, MS, PE, Cop, Dig |
Dsouza et al. [91] | 2018 | India | Qualitative | Interviews | 17 | BCS | NR | Fns, Inf, Dig, Act, FS, PE, MC |
Enzler et al. [92] | 2019 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 37 | BCSs received or receiving treatment | NR | Cop, Inf |
Lindsey et al. [93] | 2016 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 41 | BCSs | NR | MS, Dig, SS, PE |
Hubbeling et al. [94] | 2018 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 25 | Young BCSs | 37–53 | PE, Dig, SS, FS, Inf |
Keesing et al. [95] | 2019 | Australia | Qualitative | Interviews | 26 | BCSs and partners | NR | PS, FCR, SS, Sex |
Landmark et al. [96] | 2008 | Norway | Qualitative | Interviews | 7 | Newly diagnosed BCSs | NR | Inf, PE, SS |
Garryc et al. [37] | 2013 | UK | Mixed | Interviews | 7 | BCSs who were currently diagnosed or attending follow-up clinics | NR | MS |
Oxlad et al. [97] | 2008 | Australia | Qualitative | Interviews | 10 | BCSs following primary treatment | 36–68 | PE, PS, Sex, FCR, Fns |
Nápoles et al. [98] | 2017 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 34 | BCSs | NR | PS, SS, PE, MS, Inf, FCR |
Tanjasiri et al. [99] | 2011 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 20 | BCSs | NR | Inf, SS, SP |
Tsunge et al. [31] | 2017 | Malaysia | Mixed | Interviews | 9 | BCSs | 56.2 ± 10.3 | Cop, SS, SP |
Pembroke et al. [100] | 2020 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 17 | BCSs previously treated with radiation therapy | 50 | PE, Fns, MS, SS, Dig, Sex, Inf |
Ruddy et al. [101] | 2013 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 36 | Young BCSs | 18–42 | Dig, Inf, PS, SS, Cop |
Ruddy et al. [102] | 2015 | USA | Qualitative | Interviews | 20 | Young BCSs | > 42 | Dig, FS |
The estimated prevalence of USCNs from quantitative studies
Domain | No. of studies | Total N | Pooled proportion (%) | 95% CI | I2 (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SS | 2 | 1750 | 0.74 | 0.73,0.76 | 100 |
Act | 11 | 2523 | 0.54 | 0.52,0.56 | 87 |
Sex | 9 | 2556 | 0.52 | 0.52,0.56 | 99 |
FCR | 24 | 5916 | 0.50 | 0.40,0.60 | 98 |
Inf | 33 | 8352 | 0.45 | 0.37,0.52 | 98 |
PS | 28 | 8346 | 0.43 | 0.32,0.54 | 100 |
PE | 33 | 9814 | 0.42 | 0.33,0.5 | 100 |
Dig | 4 | 1734 | 0.42 | 0.4,0.44 | 99 |
PC | 3 | 533 | 0.38 | 0.34,0.42 | 60 |
MS | 24 | 7803 | 0.36 | 0.27,0.44 | 99 |
Cog | 4 | 2565 | 0.36 | 0.35,0.38 | 100 |
FS | 9 | 2218 | 0.34 | 0.09,0.59 | 100 |
Cop | 15 | 2521 | 0.34 | 0.24,0.44 | 98 |
MC | 23 | 7223 | 0.33 | 0.32,0.34 | 99 |
SP | 3 | 1285 | 0.32 | 0.3,0.33 | 100 |
Fns | 5 | 2825 | 0.24 | 0.2,0.5 | 99 |
Frequency of unmet needs
Prominent needs lists of each domain
Domain of needs | List | Median Proportion (min–max) |
---|---|---|
Physical/ symptom | • Lack of energy/tiredness | 53.6% (10.6%-88.8%) |
• Fatigue | 51% (23%-87.7%) | |
• Pain | 45.5% (18.5%-66%) | |
• Sleep disorder | 44.9% (14%-57%) | |
• Hot flashes | 43% (23%-100%) | |
• Osteoporosis/bone health | 39% (37%-70.5%) | |
• Numbness/tingling in hands/feet | 35% (11%-41%) | |
• Impairment of memory | 33.1% (21%-48%) | |
• Change in appetite | 32.4% | |
• Changes in weight | 32% (10%-60%) | |
• Dry: vaginal dryness, dry/itchy skin, dry nose/mouth | 29% (11%-30%) | |
• Manage side effects and complications of treatment | 29.9% (3.5%-53.4%) | |
• Constipation | 24.3% (21.7%-26%) | |
• Others: physical performance (39%), health problems regarding the breast (54%), reproductive system (58.2), urination changes (21%), and shortness of breath (21%) | ||
Psychosocial/emotional | • Learning to feel in control of your situation | 58.2% (47.9%-64.1%) |
• Worry that the results of treatment are beyond your control | 54.4% (16.7%-71.8%) | |
• Concerns about the worries of those close to you | 51.2% (43.4%-97.8%) | |
• Keep a positive outlook | 49% (37%-53.8%) | |
• Anxiety | 48.7% (16%-90.6%) | |
• Feeling of uncertainty | 46.2% (15.2%-92%) | |
• Nervousness | 44.6% (23%-66.1%) | |
• Feeling down or depressed | 44% (10%-82%) | |
• Feelings about death and dying | 42.2% (39%-68.4%) | |
• Stress | 35.6% (16.7%-77.5%) | |
• Reassurance that the way you feel about your risk is normal | 28.9% | |
• Dealing with the loss of family members who had breast cancer | 27.5% | |
• Fears about physical disability or deterioration | 26.9% (24%-42.4%) | |
• Loss of interest in usual activities | 24% | |
• Dealing with feelings of isolation | 22.4% | |
• Emotional support | 25% (15.1%-80.3%) | |
• Changes to beliefs | 4.5% (3.2%- 5.7%) | |
Fear of cancer recurrence/ spreading | • Fears cancer spreading | 57.5% (16.4%-80.3%) |
• Fear of cancer recurrence | 47.9% (28.6%-73%) | |
• Dealing with the impact that having a faulty gene has had on your family | 41.3% | |
• Fear of further hospital stays | No data | |
Family support | • Help to know how to support my family/ partner | 85.2% |
• Talking to other family members about having a faulty cancer protection gene | 37.4% | |
• Family or friends to be allowed with you in the hospital whenever you want | 29.6% | |
• Talking to your children about their cancer risk | 28.8% | |
Medical support | • Ongoing medical service | 63% (37.4%-74.5%) |
• Nutritional/diet needs | 58% (28.4%-74%) | |
• Wished to obtain medical service in a quick and easy way when in need | 50.9% (43.7%-85.5%) | |
• Reassurance by medical staff that the way you feel is normal | 39.8% (30.8%-43%) | |
• Hospital staff acknowledge, show sensitivity to your feeling and emotion needs | 37% (28.2%-48.8%) | |
• Hospital staff attending promptly to your physical needs | 35.7% (27.3%-47%) | |
• My doctors to talk to each other to coordinate my care | 35.3% (9.6%-79.8%) | |
• Being treated like a person not just another case | 34.2% (25.6%-97.8%) | |
• Feeling reassured that the best medical care is given | 33.1% (9%-87.7%) | |
• Being treated in a hospital(clinic) that is as physically pleasant as possible | 32.9% (14.9%-41.9%) | |
• To feel I can manage my health together with my health team | 15.6% (8.9%-85%) | |
Social support | • Help to handle the topic of cancer in social/work situation | 53.5% (50.4%-90.9%) |
Financial support | • Financial strain/difficulties | 26.2% (0.2%-48.5%) |
• Dealing with insurance issues that arise from having a faulty cancer protection gene | 22.3% | |
Sex/intimacy | • Diminished sexual activity/sexual drive | 70.7% (55%-86.3%) |
• Changes in sexual relationship | 33.3% (19%-35%) | |
• Change in sexual feeling | 29% (25%-38.5%) | |
Coping/survival | • Help to make new relationships | 94% |
• Help to deal with the impact of cancer on my relationships | 84.6% | |
• Help to make my life count | 84.2% | |
• Help to move on with my life | 82.2% | |
• Help to make decisions about my life in uncertain times | 82.1% | |
• Help to cope with others' expectations of me as a survivor | 78.6% | |
• Help with others not acknowledging the impact cancer has had on your life | 60% (36.8%-83.2%) | |
• Feeling unwell a lot of the time | 51.3% (37%-97.8%) | |
• Help to deal with my belief that nothing bad will happen again | 41.5% (18.7%-87.2%) | |
• Deciding how best to manage increased cancer risk | 39.7% | |
• Learning to feel in control of your situation | 33% | |
• Help manage household responsibility | 31% | |
• Adjust to changes in your life as a result of cancer | 26.7% | |
• Instrumental (practical) support | 19.8(7%-32.5%) | |
Daily activity | • Exercise | 69% |
• Physical activity to decrease the risk of recurrence or improve survival | 55.6% (53.1%-63%) | |
• Yoga/meditation | 55% | |
• Not being able to do the things you used to do | 50% (29.1%-98.6%) | |
• Work around the home | 44.9% (39.3%-59.8%) | |
Spiritual support | • Help with my spiritual beliefs | 42% (40%-92%) |
Information support | • Up to date understandable information about your cancer and treatment | 62.5% (31.4%-89.5%) |
• Being informed about cancer that is under control or diminishing (i.e., remission) | 55.3% (20.8%-76.5%) | |
• Information related to hereditary disease | 52.5%(52.1%-52.9%) | |
• Being informed about the things you can do to help yourself to get well | 51% (14.9%-80.9) | |
• Being given explanations on those tests about which you would like to get explanations | 47% (29.7%-92%) | |
• Being informed about your test results as soon as feasible | 44.9% (20.8%-59.8%) | |
• Being given information (written information, diagrams, and drawings) about aspects of managing your illness and side effects at home | 44.2% (18.8%-73.5%) | |
• Being given written information about important aspects of your care | 44.2% (31.9%-97.1%) | |
• Being adequately informed about the benefits and side effects of therapy before you choose to have them | 41.5% (24.8%-91.3%) | |
• Information resources | 33.6% (28.7%-38.5%) | |
• Information relevant to my partner/family | 32.5% (28.1%-92.7%) | |
• To be given choices about when to go in for tests or treatment | 30.3% | |
• Obtain information to help manage increased cancer risk | 29.7%(29.1%-34.7%) | |
• More choice about which cancer specialists you see | 29.3% (19.3%-45.3%) | |
• Be given information about sexual relationship | 27.8% (19%-33.3%) | |
• More choice about which hospital you attend | 25.3% (21.4%-31.6%) | |
• Patient education: diet:19%, relaxation/meditation: 18%, physical activity: 10% | ||
Medical counseling | • To have one member of the hospital staff with whom you can talk to about all aspects of your condition, treatment, and follow-up | 45.5% (34.9%-87.7%) |
• Spent time discussing disease | 45.3% (31.8%-63.2%) | |
• Having access to professional counseling (e.g., psychologist, social worker, counselor, nurse specialist) if you, family, or friends need it | 43.9% (27.7%-82%) | |
• Spent time listening to feelings | 31.5% (19.7%-43.2%) | |
• Counselling: psychologist or psychiatrist: 15.5%(15%-16%), financial and occupational:15% | ||
Peers communication | • To talk to others who have been through a similar experience | 40.4% (29.6%-87%) |
• Talking with other women who have faulty cancer protection gene | 36% | |
• Finding someone who understands your situation | 32.3% (29.6%-35%) | |
Cognitive needs | • Cognitive needs | 37.8% (36%-39.5%) |
• Memory or concentration problems | 10% | |
Dignity | • Help to adjust to changes in the way I feel about my body | 82.1% |
• Body image perception | 38.4(8.9%-59.5%) |
Synthesis of unmet needs in qualitative studies
Domain of needs | Lists |
---|---|
Physical/symptom | |
Psychosocial/emotional | Fertility concerns [94] |
Fear of cancer recurrence | |
Family support | Lack of support services for cancer caregivers [93] Caregiver burnout [90] |
Medical support | Attention from healthcare professionals [86] Pleasant environment, inadequate hospital amenities and medicines [90] Availability of anticancer therapy, affordability of healthcare [81] |
Social support | A culture that discourages the discussion of cancer or culturally appropriate cancer resources [93] |
Financial support | Financial well-being [32] |
Sex/intimacy | |
Coping/survival | Manage others' unhelpful beliefs, expectations, and emotions [84] Approaches to post-treatment care (Infrequent clinical follow-ups, long distances to travel) [32] |
Daily activity | |
Spiritual support | |
Information support | |
Medical counseling | Appropriate counselors [101] |
Peers communication | |
Dignity | Dealing with self-concept change [84] Treatment with dignity and respect for a patient's opinion [90] |
Risk factors related to unmet needs
All domain | Sexuality | Information | Psychology | Physical/daily life | Patient care | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | ||||||
Young age | ( +) [66] | |||||
Old age | ( +) [61] | ( +) [103] | ( +) [71] | |||
Marriage | ||||||
Married | ||||||
Unmarried | ( +) [40] | |||||
Occupation | ||||||
Employed | ( +) [62] | |||||
Unemployed | ( +) [51] | ( +) [71] | ||||
Rural resident | ( +) [59] | ( +) [59] | ||||
Short duration since diagnosis | ( +) [67] | ( +) [76] | ||||
Family income | ||||||
Good | ( +) [57] | |||||
Poor | ( +) [73] | |||||
Level of education | ||||||
Low | ( +) [59] | ( +) [62] | ||||
High | ( +) [32] | ( +) [32] | ( +) [66] | |||
Treatment time | ||||||
Being under treatment | ( +) [62] | (-) [75] | ( +) [62] | |||
Have completed treatment | ( +) [103] | (-) [32] | ( +) [75] | |||
Treatment method | ||||||
Single | ( +) [76] | ( +) [62] | ||||
Combined | ( +) [73] | ( +) [103] | (-) [62] | ( +) [62] | ||
Advanced disease stage | ||||||
Poor performance status | ( +) [51] | ( +) [68] | ( +) [68] | |||
Higher depression | ( +) [105] | |||||
Higher stress | ( +) [71] | ( +) [56] | ||||
Higher distress | ( +) [56] | ( +) [56] | ( +) [56] | |||
Higher anxiety | ( +) [15] | ( +) [105] | ( +) [56] | |||
Poor QoL | ( +) [61] | ( +) [61] | ( +) [61] | |||
Symptoms severity | ( +) [56] | ( +) [56] | ( +) [56] | ( +) [56] | ||
Comorbidity | ( +) [49] | |||||
Physical impairment | ||||||
Others | Level of survivorship concerns ( +) [104] Perception of illness ( +) [57] Family history of cancer ( +) [73] Social impairment ( +) [42] | Having children less than two ( +) [62] | Larger tumor size (> 2 cm) ( +) [66] | Relapse and terminal care patients ( +) [75] | The group with thoughts of suicide ( +) [71] | Invasive breast cancer ( +) [62] |