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01.10.2012 | Original Article

Validation of a Surgical Technique for Rat Intestinal Irradiation: Potential Side Effects Prevention by Dietary Grape Phenolics

verfasst von: Lama Younes-Sakr, Pierre Senesse, Caroline Laurent, Jean-Max Rouanet, Nathalie Rugani, Jean-Paul Cristol, Sylvie Gaillet

Erschienen in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Ausgabe 10/2012

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Abstract

Aims

This study evaluates and defines the histological and biochemical consequences of irradiation on the Hauer-Jensen intestinal model and investigates the potential effects of dietary polyphenols.

Main Methods

Sprague–Dawley rats were orchiectomized, and an ileal loop was transposed to the left part of the scrotum, then irradiated 2 weeks after surgery with a single dose of 21 Gy (4.49 Gy/min). Four groups of rats received either phenolic extracts from grape seeds (EGS) and from red wine (ACYS, EGT), or pure quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside (Q3G), for 5 days before the irradiation and were sacrificed 2 weeks after. Antioxidant enzyme activities, i.e. superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx), and oxidative markers such as myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (MDA) were measured as well as cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant level (CINC-1), a chemokine involved in inflammation.

Key Findings

Irradiated rats exhibited a high radiation injury score (RIS) with a thickened serosa, mucosal loss and ulceration, and epithelial atypicality. Intestinal MPO activity and CINC-1 concentration were significantly increased in irradiated animals (60 and 66 %, respectively). Higher plasma MDA levels (58 %) and SOD activity (32 %) were accompanied by a reduced GSHPx activity (79 %). However, feeding phenolic extracts remarkably reduced levels of blood SOD activity (34 % on average), intestinal CINC-1 (25–75 % range) and MPO activity (36–84 %). Except for Q3G, phenolics preserved the intestinal structure.

Significance

These findings show that irradiation triggers an inflammation, and an oxidative stress by disturbing the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and indicate that phenolics supply exerts preventive effects against radio-induced intestinal impairment.

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Titel: Validation of a Surgical Technique for Rat Intestinal Irradiation: Potential Side Effects Prevention by Dietary Grape Phenolics
verfasst von: Lama Younes-Sakr
Pierre Senesse
Caroline Laurent
Jean-Max Rouanet
Nathalie Rugani
Jean-Paul Cristol
Sylvie Gaillet
Publikationsdatum: 01.10.2012
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences / Ausgabe 10/2012
Print ISSN: 0163-2116
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2568
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-012-2211-7

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Validation of a Surgical Technique for Rat Intestinal Irradiation: Potential Side Effects Prevention by Dietary Grape Phenolics

Abstract