Background
Methods
Pilot study participants and settings
Data collection
All patients n = 50 | All patients with at least one psychiatric diagnosis(1)n = 41 | All patients with a depressive episode(2)n = 31 | All patients with a major depressive episode (intense)(3)n = 20 | All patients with no psychiatric diagnosis n = 9 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender
| Female |
34
|
29
|
21
|
13
|
5
|
Age
| Mean/Range |
52.8 [19–91]
|
50.6 [19–91]
|
48.8 [19–91]
|
45.8 [19–77]
|
62 [40–84]
|
Job
| Professional activity |
26
|
22
|
17
|
11
|
3
|
Socio- professional class
| Low income |
19
|
17
|
11
|
7
|
2
|
Intermediate to high income/ |
15
|
12
|
11
|
9
|
3
| |
retirement |
16
|
12
|
9
|
4
|
4
| |
Marital status
| Living together/Married |
21
|
15
|
17
|
4
|
8
|
Single, Divorced, separation |
19
|
17
|
15
|
12
|
0
| |
Widowed |
10
|
9
|
9
|
4
|
1
| |
Relational conflicts in family |
18
|
17
|
15
|
11
|
1
| |
Current context
| Disability (official status) |
8
|
6
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
Social loneliness/Socially isolated patient |
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
0
| |
Work-related problems |
17
|
14
|
10
|
5
|
3
| |
Legal problems/Current legal situation |
4
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
0
| |
Recent bereavement/Recent death in the entourage |
12
|
9
|
9
|
5
|
3
| |
Position of family care giver |
7
|
7
|
5
|
3
|
0
| |
Patient physically or psychologically dependent |
7
|
7
|
6
|
4
|
0
| |
Facing discrimination |
5
|
5
|
4
|
2
|
0
| |
Current tobacco consumption |
14
|
12
|
10
|
6
|
2
| |
Excessive alcohol consumption |
3
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
0
| |
Other addictions (Opiates, gambling, etc.) |
6
|
5
|
4
|
3
|
1
| |
Substitution therapy (methadone, buprenorphine) |
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
| |
Number of contextual factors by patient Mean/Range
|
2.1 [0–6]
|
2.31 [0–6]
|
2.7 [0–6]
|
2.6 [0–6]
|
1.33 [0–4]
| |
Past history of patient
| Past history of suicide attempt |
6
|
6
|
4
|
3
|
0
|
Tobacco consumption |
18
|
15
|
12
|
8
|
3
| |
Past history of excessive alcohol consumption |
7
|
6
|
5
|
5
|
1
| |
Other addictions (e.g. opiates, gambling) |
4
|
3
|
4
|
3
|
1
| |
Past history of depression (different from current episode) |
19
|
18
|
14
|
8
|
1
| |
Past history: Hospitalised in psychiatric service, whatever the reason |
5
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
0
| |
Family with psychiatric conditions |
10
|
9
|
5
|
5
|
1
| |
Past history of AD prescription |
23
|
22
|
15
|
9
|
1
| |
Child abuse |
5
|
4
|
3
|
3
|
1
| |
Number of past history factors by patient
|
2.1 [0–6]
|
2.1 [0–6]
|
2.3 [0–6]
|
2.0 [0–9]
|
1 [0–3]
| |
Ongoing, non-psychiatric conditions
| Isolated sleeping problems |
6
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
Dementia |
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
| |
Specific neuropathic pain |
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
| |
Sciatic pain |
3
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
0
| |
Migraine |
3
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
| |
Fibromyalgia |
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
| |
Musculo-skeletal complaints or pain |
16
|
14
|
13
|
7
|
2
| |
Tension type headaches |
7
|
7
|
4
|
3
|
0
| |
Isolated fatigue |
10
|
9
|
7
|
3
|
1
| |
Functional gastro-intestinal complaints: Irritable bowel syndrome |
12
|
9
|
6
|
0
|
3
| |
Sexual dysfunction, premature ejaculation |
5
|
4
|
3
|
3
|
1
| |
Enuresis, incontinence |
3
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
0
| |
Other chronic disease (e.g. Diabetes type 2) |
35
|
25
|
19
|
11
|
7
| |
Chronic low back pain |
6
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
1
| |
Number of non-psychiatric conditions by patient Mean/Range
|
2.28 [0–7]
|
2.09 [0–7]
|
1.75 [0–6]
|
2.0 [0–7]
|
2.77
[1-5]
| |
Ongoing non-psychiatric reasons | Chronic diffuse complaints |
12
|
12
|
10
|
6
|
0
|
Unexplained complaints |
13
|
11
|
8
|
3
|
2
| |
Diffused pain |
8
|
7
|
4
|
2
|
1
| |
All reasons and conditions by patient Mean/Range
|
4.1
[
1-9
]
|
4.2
[
1-9
]
|
3.9
[
1-9
]
|
4.22
[
1-9
]
|
3.2
[
1-5
]
|
Objectives and outcomes
Analysis
Ethical aspects
Results
GP characteristics
Overall patient characteristics
In-depth assessment of the 50-patient sample
Type of situation | Condition or characteristic | Total score of Influence(1)(n) | Prevalence(2)(n) | Most frequent influence score(3)(modus) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Psychiatric conditions
| Anxiety (all) | 41 | 24 | 2 |
Major depressive episode (intense) | 40 | 20 | 2 | |
Depressive episode (mild) | 20 | 11 | 2 | |
Symptoms of bad mood without depression | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
Psychiatric-related past history
| Past history of AD prescription | 30 | 23 | 2 |
Past history of depression | 24 | 19 | 1/2 | |
Family with psychiatric conditions | 8 | 10 | 1 | |
Past history of suicide attempt | 7 | 7 | 1 | |
Past history of excessive alcohol consumption | 4 | 6 | 0 | |
Past history: Hospitalised in psychiatric ward | 4 | 5 | 1 | |
Non-psychiatric conditions
| Other chronic disease (e.g.: Diabetes type 2) | 22 | 35 | 0 |
Musculo- skeletal complaints or pain | 11 | 16 | 0 | |
Isolated fatigue | 11 | 10 | 2 | |
Isolated sleeping problems | 7 | 6 | 0/1 | |
Functional gastro-intestinal complaints: Irritable bowel syndrome | 5 | 12 | 0 | |
Sexual dysfunction, premature ejaculation | 5 | 5 | 0/2 | |
Specific neuropathic pain | 5 | 3 | 2 | |
Tension type headaches | 4 | 7 | 0 | |
Fibromyalgia | 4 | 3 | 2 | |
Chronic low back pain | 3 | 6 | 0 | |
Migraine | 2 | 3 | 0 | |
Dementia | 2 | 2 | 0/2 | |
Sciatica pain | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
Enuresis, incontinence | 0 | 3 | 0 | |
Non- psychiatric reasons
| Chronic complaints | 13 | 12 | 1 |
Unexplained complaints | 10 | 13 | 1 | |
Diffused pain | 10 | 8 | 2 | |
Non- psychiatric past history
| Past history of mistreatment/child abuse | 5 | 5 | 1 |
Past history of tobacco consumption | 2 | 18 | 0 | |
Past history of other addictions (e.g. Gambling) | 1 | 5 | 0 | |
Other factors
| Work-related problems | 23 | 17 | 2 |
Recent bereavement/Recent death in entourage | 15 | 12 | 2 | |
Legal problems/Current legal situation | 8 | 4 | 2 | |
Position of family care giver | 7 | 7 | 1 | |
Physically or psychologically dependent patient | 6 | 7 | 0 | |
Facing discrimination | 6 | 5 | 1 | |
Social loneliness/Socially isolated patient | 6 | 5 | 1 | |
Disability (official status) | 5 | 8 | 0 | |
Current tobacco consumption | 2 | 14 | 0 | |
Other addictions (Opiates, gambling, etc.) | 2 | 6 | 0 | |
Excessive alcohol consumption | 2 | 3 | 0 | |
Replacement therapy (methadone, buprenorphine) | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Condition or characteristic | Influence score (*) |
---|---|
Major depressive episode (intense) | 2 |
Legal problems/Current legal situation | 2 |
Depressive episode (mild) | 1.8 |
Anxiety (all) | 1.7 |
Specific neuropathic pain | 1.6 |
Work-related problems | 1.3 |
Symptoms of bad mood without depression | 1.3 |
Past history of AD prescription | 1.3 |
Past history of depression | 1.3 |
Fibromyalgia | 1.3 |
Recent bereavement/Recent death in entourage | 1.2 |
Facing discrimination | 1.2 |
Social loneliness/Socially isolated patient | 1.2 |
Diffused pain | 1.2 |
Isolated fatigue | 1.1 |
Isolated sleeping problems | 1.1 |
Sexual dysfunction, premature ejaculation | 1 |
Past history of suicide attempt | 1 |
Dementia | 1 |
Past history of mistreatment/child abuse | 1 |
Position of family care giver | 1 |