Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie 8/2009

01.08.2009 | CME - Weiterbildung - Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Akute perioperative Störungen der Nierenfunktion

Strategien zur Prävention und Therapie

verfasst von: Dr. U. Jaschinski, M. Lichtwarck-Aschoff

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 8/2009

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die zunehmende Lebenserwartung in den Industrienationen lässt die Zahl der Krankenhausbehandlungen alter und hoch betagter Menschen steigen. Immer häufiger werden auch komplexe Operationen bei diesen Patienten durchgeführt. Nierenfunktionsstörungen in der perioperativen Situation sind mit einer erheblichen Morbiditäts- und Letalitätsrate verbunden. Eine akute Nierenschädigung, im neueren Sprachgebrauch eine „acute kidney injury“ (AKI), ist bei kritisch kranken Patienten nahezu immer Bestandteil eines Multiorgandysfunktionssyndroms (MODS). Die Behandlungsstrategie sollte sich am Grad der Organfunktionsstörung orientieren. Meist ist aber das Stadium der Funktionsstörung nicht bekannt, und so wird oft das therapeutisch nutzbare Intervall verpasst. Nahezu regelhaft findet bei allen Patienten die gleiche Therapie Anwendung: Flüssigkeitszufuhr und Diuretikumgabe – häufig unter der Vorstellung: „Die Nieren müssen gespült werden!“. Eine vereinheitlichende Klassifikation des Kontinuums der Nierenfunktionsstörungen anhand der RIFLE-Kriterien („risk, injury, failure, loss, endstage kidney disease“) kann helfen, Frühphasen der Nierenfunktionsstörung zu erkennen, um entsprechend therapeutisch reagieren zu können, und den Einsatz konservativer Behandlungsstrategien kritisch zu hinterfragen bzw. zu optimieren.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Bagshaw SM, Bellomo R, Kellum JA (2008) Oliguria, volume overload and loop diuretics. Crit Care Med 36:S172–S178PubMedCrossRef Bagshaw SM, Bellomo R, Kellum JA (2008) Oliguria, volume overload and loop diuretics. Crit Care Med 36:S172–S178PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum J et al (2004) Acute renal failure – definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care 8:R204–R212PubMedCrossRef Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum J et al (2004) Acute renal failure – definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care 8:R204–R212PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Boldt J (2009) PRO: hydroxyethylstarch can be safely used in the intensive care patient – the renal debate. Intensive Care Med 35:1331–1336PubMedCrossRef Boldt J (2009) PRO: hydroxyethylstarch can be safely used in the intensive care patient – the renal debate. Intensive Care Med 35:1331–1336PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonventris JV, Brezis M, Siegel S et al (1998) Acute renal failure I: relative importance of proximal vs. distal tubular injury. Am J Physiol 275:F623–F632 Bonventris JV, Brezis M, Siegel S et al (1998) Acute renal failure I: relative importance of proximal vs. distal tubular injury. Am J Physiol 275:F623–F632
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Bosch X, Poch E, Grau JM (2009) Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. N Engl J Med 361:62–72PubMedCrossRef Bosch X, Poch E, Grau JM (2009) Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. N Engl J Med 361:62–72PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Brezis M, Agmon Y, Epstein FH (1994) Determinants of intrarenal oxygenation. I. Effects of diuretics. Am J Physiol 294:F1059–F1062 Brezis M, Agmon Y, Epstein FH (1994) Determinants of intrarenal oxygenation. I. Effects of diuretics. Am J Physiol 294:F1059–F1062
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Brienza N, Giglio MT, Marucci M, Fiore T (2009) Does perioperative hemodynamic optimization protect renal function in surgical patients? A meta-analytic study. Crit Care Med 37:2079–2090PubMedCrossRef Brienza N, Giglio MT, Marucci M, Fiore T (2009) Does perioperative hemodynamic optimization protect renal function in surgical patients? A meta-analytic study. Crit Care Med 37:2079–2090PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Chertow GM, Burdick E, Honour M et al (2005) Acute kidney injury, mortality, length of stay, and costs in hospitalized patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:3365–3370PubMedCrossRef Chertow GM, Burdick E, Honour M et al (2005) Acute kidney injury, mortality, length of stay, and costs in hospitalized patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:3365–3370PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Coca SG, Yalavarthy R, Concato J, Parikh CR (2008) Biomarkers for the diagnosis and risk stratification of acute kidney injury: a systematic review. Kidney Int 73:1008–1016PubMedCrossRef Coca SG, Yalavarthy R, Concato J, Parikh CR (2008) Biomarkers for the diagnosis and risk stratification of acute kidney injury: a systematic review. Kidney Int 73:1008–1016PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Dasta JF, Kane-Gill SL, Durtschi AJ et al (2008) Costs and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23:1970–1974PubMedCrossRef Dasta JF, Kane-Gill SL, Durtschi AJ et al (2008) Costs and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23:1970–1974PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Di Giantomasso D, Morimatsu H, May CN, Bellomo R (2004) Increasing renal blood flow: low dose dopamine or medium-dose norepinephrine. Chest 125:2260–2267CrossRef Di Giantomasso D, Morimatsu H, May CN, Bellomo R (2004) Increasing renal blood flow: low dose dopamine or medium-dose norepinephrine. Chest 125:2260–2267CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Duvoux C, Zanditenas D, Hezode C et al (2002) Effects of noradrenalin and albumin in patients with type I hepatorenal syndrome: a pilot study. Hepatology 36:374–380PubMedCrossRef Duvoux C, Zanditenas D, Hezode C et al (2002) Effects of noradrenalin and albumin in patients with type I hepatorenal syndrome: a pilot study. Hepatology 36:374–380PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Eraly S, Bush K, Sampogna R et al (2004) The molecular pharmacology of the organic anion transporter. From DNA to FDA. Mol Pharmacol 65:479–487PubMedCrossRef Eraly S, Bush K, Sampogna R et al (2004) The molecular pharmacology of the organic anion transporter. From DNA to FDA. Mol Pharmacol 65:479–487PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Esrailian E, Pantangco ER, Kyulo NL et al (2004) Octreotide/midodrine therapy significantly improves renal function and 30-day survival in patients with type I hepatorenal syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 52:742–748CrossRef Esrailian E, Pantangco ER, Kyulo NL et al (2004) Octreotide/midodrine therapy significantly improves renal function and 30-day survival in patients with type I hepatorenal syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 52:742–748CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Fine LG, Norman JT (2008) Chronic hypoxia as a mechanism of progression of chronic kidney diseases: from hypothesis to novel therapeutics. Kidney Int 74:867–872PubMedCrossRef Fine LG, Norman JT (2008) Chronic hypoxia as a mechanism of progression of chronic kidney diseases: from hypothesis to novel therapeutics. Kidney Int 74:867–872PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Gheun-Ho K, Ki Young N, So-Young K et al (2003) Up-regulation of organic anion transporter 1 protein is induced by chronic furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide infusion in rat kidney. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18:1505–1511CrossRef Gheun-Ho K, Ki Young N, So-Young K et al (2003) Up-regulation of organic anion transporter 1 protein is induced by chronic furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide infusion in rat kidney. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18:1505–1511CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Goldenberg I, Matetzky S (2005) Nephropathy induced by contrast media: pathogenesis, risk factors and preventive strategies. CMAJ 172:1461–1471PubMed Goldenberg I, Matetzky S (2005) Nephropathy induced by contrast media: pathogenesis, risk factors and preventive strategies. CMAJ 172:1461–1471PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Habib RH, Zacharias A, Schwann TA et al (2005) Role of hemodilutional anemia and transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass in renal injury after coronary revascularization: implications on operative outcome. Crit Care Med 33:1749–1756PubMedCrossRef Habib RH, Zacharias A, Schwann TA et al (2005) Role of hemodilutional anemia and transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass in renal injury after coronary revascularization: implications on operative outcome. Crit Care Med 33:1749–1756PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Hartog C, Reinhart K (2009) CONTRA: Hydroxyethyl starch solutions are unsafe in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 35:1337–1342PubMedCrossRef Hartog C, Reinhart K (2009) CONTRA: Hydroxyethyl starch solutions are unsafe in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 35:1337–1342PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Heyman SN, Rosenberger C, Rosen S (2005) Regional alterations in renal haemodynamics and oxygenation: a role in contrast medium-induced nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20 [Suppl 1]:i6–i11 Heyman SN, Rosenberger C, Rosen S (2005) Regional alterations in renal haemodynamics and oxygenation: a role in contrast medium-induced nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20 [Suppl 1]:i6–i11
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Himmelfarb J (2007) Continuous renal replacement therapy in acute renal failure: critical assessment is required. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2:385–389PubMedCrossRef Himmelfarb J (2007) Continuous renal replacement therapy in acute renal failure: critical assessment is required. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2:385–389PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Ho KM, Sheridan DJ (2006) Meta-analysis of frusemide to prevent or treat acute renal failure. BMJ 333:420–426PubMedCrossRef Ho KM, Sheridan DJ (2006) Meta-analysis of frusemide to prevent or treat acute renal failure. BMJ 333:420–426PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoste EAJ, Clermont G, Kersten A et al (2006) RIFLE criteria for acute kidney injury are associated with hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a cohort analysis. Crit Care 10:R73–R82PubMedCrossRef Hoste EAJ, Clermont G, Kersten A et al (2006) RIFLE criteria for acute kidney injury are associated with hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a cohort analysis. Crit Care 10:R73–R82PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Hüter L, Simon TP, Weinmann L et al (2009) Hydroxyethylstarch impairs renal function and induces interstitial proliferation, macrophage infiltration and tubular damage in an isolated renal perfusion model. Crit Care 13:R23PubMedCrossRef Hüter L, Simon TP, Weinmann L et al (2009) Hydroxyethylstarch impairs renal function and induces interstitial proliferation, macrophage infiltration and tubular damage in an isolated renal perfusion model. Crit Care 13:R23PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat John S, Eckardt KU (2007) Renal replacement strategies in the ICU. Chest 132:1979–1982CrossRef John S, Eckardt KU (2007) Renal replacement strategies in the ICU. Chest 132:1979–1982CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Koch CG, Li L, Duncan AI et al (2006) Morbidity and mortality risk associated with red blood cell and blood-component transfusion in isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Crit Care Med 34:1608–1616PubMedCrossRef Koch CG, Li L, Duncan AI et al (2006) Morbidity and mortality risk associated with red blood cell and blood-component transfusion in isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Crit Care Med 34:1608–1616PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Kumar A, Anel R, Bunnell E et al (2004) Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and central venous pressure fail to predict ventricular filling volume, cardiac performance, or the response to volume infusion in normal subjects. Crit Care Med 32:691–699PubMedCrossRef Kumar A, Anel R, Bunnell E et al (2004) Pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and central venous pressure fail to predict ventricular filling volume, cardiac performance, or the response to volume infusion in normal subjects. Crit Care Med 32:691–699PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Lassnigg A, Donner E, Grubhofer G et al (2000) Lack of renoprotective effects of dopamine and furosemide during cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol 11:97–104PubMed Lassnigg A, Donner E, Grubhofer G et al (2000) Lack of renoprotective effects of dopamine and furosemide during cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol 11:97–104PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee DB, Huang E, Ward HJ (2006) Tight junction biology and kidney dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290:F20–F34PubMedCrossRef Lee DB, Huang E, Ward HJ (2006) Tight junction biology and kidney dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290:F20–F34PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Levy EM, Viscoli CM, Horwitz RI (1996) Effect of acute renal failure on mortality. A cohort analysis. JAMA 275:1489–1494PubMedCrossRef Levy EM, Viscoli CM, Horwitz RI (1996) Effect of acute renal failure on mortality. A cohort analysis. JAMA 275:1489–1494PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Maertens S, Van Den Noortgate NJ (2007) Kidney in old age. Acta Clin Belg 63:514–520 Maertens S, Van Den Noortgate NJ (2007) Kidney in old age. Acta Clin Belg 63:514–520
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Mahesh B, Yim B, Robson D et al (2008) Does furosemide prevent renal dysfunction in high-risk cardiac surgical patients? Results of a double-blinded prospective randomised trial. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 33:370–376PubMedCrossRef Mahesh B, Yim B, Robson D et al (2008) Does furosemide prevent renal dysfunction in high-risk cardiac surgical patients? Results of a double-blinded prospective randomised trial. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 33:370–376PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Marik PE, Baram M, Vahid B (2008) Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? A systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares. Chest 134:172–178PubMedCrossRef Marik PE, Baram M, Vahid B (2008) Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? A systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares. Chest 134:172–178PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Morris C, Boyd A, Reynolds N (2009) Should we really be more „balanced“ in our fluid prescribing? Anaesthesia 64:703–705PubMedCrossRef Morris C, Boyd A, Reynolds N (2009) Should we really be more „balanced“ in our fluid prescribing? Anaesthesia 64:703–705PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Navar LG (1998) Regulation of renal hemodynamics. Adv Physiol Educ 275:S221–S235 Navar LG (1998) Regulation of renal hemodynamics. Adv Physiol Educ 275:S221–S235
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Oppert M, Engel C, Brunkhorst FM (2008) Acute renal failure in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: results from the German Prevalence Study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23:904–909PubMedCrossRef Oppert M, Engel C, Brunkhorst FM (2008) Acute renal failure in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: results from the German Prevalence Study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23:904–909PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Pannu N, Klarenbach S, Wiebe N et al (2008) Renal replacement therapy in patients with acute renal failure – A systematic review. JAMA 299:793–805PubMedCrossRef Pannu N, Klarenbach S, Wiebe N et al (2008) Renal replacement therapy in patients with acute renal failure – A systematic review. JAMA 299:793–805PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Papathanassoglou ED, Moynihan JA, Ackermann MH (2000) Does programmed cell death play a role in the development of multiple organ dysfunction in critically ill patients? A review and a theoretical framework. Crit Care Med 28:537–549PubMedCrossRef Papathanassoglou ED, Moynihan JA, Ackermann MH (2000) Does programmed cell death play a role in the development of multiple organ dysfunction in critically ill patients? A review and a theoretical framework. Crit Care Med 28:537–549PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Pavelsky P (2008) Indications and timing of renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury. Crit Care Med 36 [Suppl 4]:S224–S228 Pavelsky P (2008) Indications and timing of renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury. Crit Care Med 36 [Suppl 4]:S224–S228
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Payen D, De Pont AC, Sakr Y et al (2008) A positive fluid balance is associated with a worse outcome in patients with acute renal failure. Crit Care 12:R74PubMedCrossRef Payen D, De Pont AC, Sakr Y et al (2008) A positive fluid balance is associated with a worse outcome in patients with acute renal failure. Crit Care 12:R74PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Perel P, Roberts I (2007) Colloids vs. crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4:CD000567PubMed Perel P, Roberts I (2007) Colloids vs. crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4:CD000567PubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Pozzi M, Carugo S, Boari G et al (1997) Evidence of functional and structural cardiac abnormalities in cirrhotic patients with and without ascites. Hepatology 26:1131–1137PubMed Pozzi M, Carugo S, Boari G et al (1997) Evidence of functional and structural cardiac abnormalities in cirrhotic patients with and without ascites. Hepatology 26:1131–1137PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Reuter DA, Felbinger TW, Kilger E et al (2002) Optimizing fluid therapy in mechanically ventilated patients after cardiac surgery by on-line monitoring of left ventricular stroke volume variations. Comparison with aortic systolic pressure variations. Br J Anaesth 88:124–126PubMedCrossRef Reuter DA, Felbinger TW, Kilger E et al (2002) Optimizing fluid therapy in mechanically ventilated patients after cardiac surgery by on-line monitoring of left ventricular stroke volume variations. Comparison with aortic systolic pressure variations. Br J Anaesth 88:124–126PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Ricci Z, Cruz D, Ronco C (2008) The RIFLE criteria and mortality in acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 73:538–546PubMedCrossRef Ricci Z, Cruz D, Ronco C (2008) The RIFLE criteria and mortality in acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 73:538–546PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Rioux JP, Lessard M, De Bortoli B et al (2009) Pentastarch 10% (250 kDa/0.45) is an independent risk factor of acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery. Crit Care Med 37:1293–1298PubMedCrossRef Rioux JP, Lessard M, De Bortoli B et al (2009) Pentastarch 10% (250 kDa/0.45) is an independent risk factor of acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery. Crit Care Med 37:1293–1298PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S et al (2001) Early goal directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 345:1368–1377PubMedCrossRef Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S et al (2001) Early goal directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 345:1368–1377PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Sakr Y, Vincent JL, Reinhart K et al (2005) High tidal volume and positive fluid balance are associated with worse outcome in acute lung Injury. Chest 128:3098–3108PubMedCrossRef Sakr Y, Vincent JL, Reinhart K et al (2005) High tidal volume and positive fluid balance are associated with worse outcome in acute lung Injury. Chest 128:3098–3108PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Schortgen F, Girou E, Deye N et al (2009) The risk associated with hyperoncotic colloids in patients with shock. Intensive Care Med 34:2157–2168CrossRef Schortgen F, Girou E, Deye N et al (2009) The risk associated with hyperoncotic colloids in patients with shock. Intensive Care Med 34:2157–2168CrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Schrier RW (2007) Decreased effective blood volume in edematous disorders: what does this mean? J Am Soc Nephrol 188:2028–2031CrossRef Schrier RW (2007) Decreased effective blood volume in edematous disorders: what does this mean? J Am Soc Nephrol 188:2028–2031CrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Seabra VF, Balk EM, Liangos O et al (2008) Timing of renal replacement therapy initiation in acute renal failure: a metaanalysis. Am J Kidney Dis 52:272–284PubMedCrossRef Seabra VF, Balk EM, Liangos O et al (2008) Timing of renal replacement therapy initiation in acute renal failure: a metaanalysis. Am J Kidney Dis 52:272–284PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Shemesh O, Golbetz H, Kriss JP, Myers BD (1985) Limitations of creatinine as a filtration marker in glomerulopathic patients. Kidney Int 28:830–838PubMedCrossRef Shemesh O, Golbetz H, Kriss JP, Myers BD (1985) Limitations of creatinine as a filtration marker in glomerulopathic patients. Kidney Int 28:830–838PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Shu-Min L, Chien-Da H, Horng-Chyuan L et al (2006) A modified goal-directed protocol improves clinical outcomes in intensive care unit patients with septic shock: a randomized controlled trial. Shock 26:551–557CrossRef Shu-Min L, Chien-Da H, Horng-Chyuan L et al (2006) A modified goal-directed protocol improves clinical outcomes in intensive care unit patients with septic shock: a randomized controlled trial. Shock 26:551–557CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Solomon R, Werner C, Mann D et al (1994) Effects of saline, mannitol and furosemide on acute decreases in renal function induced by radiocontrast agents. N Engl J Med 331:1416–1420PubMedCrossRef Solomon R, Werner C, Mann D et al (1994) Effects of saline, mannitol and furosemide on acute decreases in renal function induced by radiocontrast agents. N Engl J Med 331:1416–1420PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Sort P, Navasa M, Arroyo V (1999) Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. N Engl J Med 341:403–409PubMedCrossRef Sort P, Navasa M, Arroyo V (1999) Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. N Engl J Med 341:403–409PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Teboul JL, Monnet X (2008) Prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneous breathing activity. Curr Opin Crit Care 14:334–339PubMedCrossRef Teboul JL, Monnet X (2008) Prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneous breathing activity. Curr Opin Crit Care 14:334–339PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat The VA/NIH Acute Renal Failure Trial Network (2008) Intensity of renal support in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. N Engl J Med 359:7–20CrossRef The VA/NIH Acute Renal Failure Trial Network (2008) Intensity of renal support in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. N Engl J Med 359:7–20CrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Townsend DR, Bagshaw SM (2008) New insights on intravenous fluids, diuretics and acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract 109:206–215CrossRef Townsend DR, Bagshaw SM (2008) New insights on intravenous fluids, diuretics and acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract 109:206–215CrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Uchino S, Kellum JA, Bellomo R (2005) Acute renal failure in critically ill patients: a multinational, multicenter study. JAMA 294:813–818PubMedCrossRef Uchino S, Kellum JA, Bellomo R (2005) Acute renal failure in critically ill patients: a multinational, multicenter study. JAMA 294:813–818PubMedCrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Biesen W, Yegenaga I, Vanholder R et al (2005) Relationship between fluid status and its management on acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis: a prospective analysis. J Nephrol 18:54–60 Van Biesen W, Yegenaga I, Vanholder R et al (2005) Relationship between fluid status and its management on acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis: a prospective analysis. J Nephrol 18:54–60
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Van den Noortgate N, Janssen W, Lameire N, Afschrift M (2001) Renal function in the oldest-old on an acute geriatric ward. Int Urol Nephrol 32:531–537CrossRef Van den Noortgate N, Janssen W, Lameire N, Afschrift M (2001) Renal function in the oldest-old on an acute geriatric ward. Int Urol Nephrol 32:531–537CrossRef
61.
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Warren JD, Blumberg PC, Thompson PD (2002) Rhabdomyolysis: a review. Muscle Nerve 25:332–347PubMedCrossRef Warren JD, Blumberg PC, Thompson PD (2002) Rhabdomyolysis: a review. Muscle Nerve 25:332–347PubMedCrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Wheeler AP, Bernard GR, Thompson BT et al (2006) Pulmonary-artery vs. central-venous-catheter to guide treatment of acute lung injury. N Engl J Med 354:2213–2224PubMedCrossRef Wheeler AP, Bernard GR, Thompson BT et al (2006) Pulmonary-artery vs. central-venous-catheter to guide treatment of acute lung injury. N Engl J Med 354:2213–2224PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Wilcox CS (1983) Regulation of renal blood flow by plasma chloride. J Clin Invest 71:726–735PubMedCrossRef Wilcox CS (1983) Regulation of renal blood flow by plasma chloride. J Clin Invest 71:726–735PubMedCrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Wilkes NJ, Woolf R, Mutch M et al (2001) The effects of balanced versus saline-based hetastarch and crystalloid solutions on acid-base and electrolyte status and gastric mucosal perfusion in elderly surgical patients. Anesth Analg 93:811–816PubMedCrossRef Wilkes NJ, Woolf R, Mutch M et al (2001) The effects of balanced versus saline-based hetastarch and crystalloid solutions on acid-base and electrolyte status and gastric mucosal perfusion in elderly surgical patients. Anesth Analg 93:811–816PubMedCrossRef
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang W, Edwards A (2002) Oxygen transport across vasa recta in the renal medulla. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283:1042–1055 Zhang W, Edwards A (2002) Oxygen transport across vasa recta in the renal medulla. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283:1042–1055
Metadaten
Titel
Akute perioperative Störungen der Nierenfunktion
Strategien zur Prävention und Therapie
verfasst von
Dr. U. Jaschinski
M. Lichtwarck-Aschoff
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2009
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 8/2009
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-009-1592-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2009

Die Anaesthesiologie 8/2009 Zur Ausgabe

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Hinter dieser Appendizitis steckte ein Erreger

23.04.2024 Appendizitis Nachrichten

Schmerzen im Unterbauch, aber sonst nicht viel, was auf eine Appendizitis hindeutete: Ein junger Mann hatte Glück, dass trotzdem eine Laparoskopie mit Appendektomie durchgeführt und der Wurmfortsatz histologisch untersucht wurde.

Ärztliche Empathie hilft gegen Rückenschmerzen

23.04.2024 Leitsymptom Rückenschmerzen Nachrichten

Personen mit chronischen Rückenschmerzen, die von einfühlsamen Ärzten und Ärztinnen betreut werden, berichten über weniger Beschwerden und eine bessere Lebensqualität.

Update AINS

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.