The peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) has been used for central venous pressure monitoring and building effective infusion routes in a critical care setting. The traditional blind puncture technique for PICC has been challenging. The ultrasound-guided modified Seldinger technique (MST) has been used as an adjunct for central venous catheter and has shown significant benefits over the traditional blind puncture. However, despite clear advantages, complications of ultrasound-guided MST for PICC still occur. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the ultrasound-guided MST and traditional blind puncture techniques for PICC.
PubMed and CNKI (Chinese database) were searched for RCTs comparing the ultrasound-guided MST and traditional palpation for radial artery catheterization. Differences were expressed as relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous outcomes. The fixed-effects model or random-effects model was used, depending on whether heterogeneity existed among studies. Heterogeneity among studies was examined with Cochran’s Q statistic (P < 0.1) and the I2 statistic. A two-tailed P value of less than 0.05 was considered a significant level except for where a certain P value has been given. Six RCTs enrolling 726 patients (367 trials and 359 controls) were included in the meta-analysis [1-6]. Three studies [1,3,4] report that the first-attempt success rate of ultrasound-guided MST was superior to that of the traditional blind puncture, and three studies [2,5,6] report that the first-attempt success rate was similar for the two techniques. The meta-analysis indicated that ultrasound-guided MST was not significantly associated with improvement in first-attempt success (RR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.16, P = 0.090) compared with the traditional blind puncture, but ultrasound-guided MST significantly reduced the incidence of complication after surgery (RR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.76, P = 0.015).
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In summary, ultrasound-guided MST is superior to the traditional blind puncture technique for PICC, especially for postoperative complications. It should be generalized to clinical application for PICC.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a Hunan Province Science and Technology Project (2014SK2013) and fundamental research funds for the central universities of Central South University (2014zzts069).
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Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors’ contributions
ZZL and LZC conceived the study, participated in the design, collected the data, and drafted the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.