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Erschienen in: Gefässchirurgie 8/2018

15.11.2018 | Periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit | Originalien

Ernährung und periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit – Teil 1

verfasst von: P. Daniels, E. S. Debus, Prof. Dr. R. T. Grundmann

Erschienen in: Gefässchirurgie | Ausgabe 8/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Im Gegensatz zu den besser untersuchten Formen kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen ist die Rolle der Ernährung bei der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit (PAVK) wenig bekannt. Dies verdeutlicht die Tatsache, dass die aktuell verbreiteten PAVK-Leitlinien keine Ernährungsempfehlungen zur Prävention oder Behandlung der PAVK ausgeben. Grundsätzlich muss zwischen Ernährungsmustern und einzelnen Nährstoffen oder Nahrungsmitteln unterschieden werden. Zu den Nährstoffen gehört die Folsäure, ein Folsäuremangel konnte mit endothelialer Dysfunktion, Vasokonstriktion und Entzündungen in Verbindung gebracht werden. Eine ballaststoffreiche Ernährung ist mit einem verminderten Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen und kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse assoziiert. Allerdings haben bisher keine prospektiven Studien einen positiven Einfluss auf Entzündungsaktivität oder kardiovaskuläres Outcome bei PAVK-Patienten nachweisen können. Der Verzehr von Leinsamen, welche viel α‑Linolensäure enthalten, kann Patienten mit PAVK angeraten werden. Die klassische mediterrane Diät ist das traditionelle Ernährungsmuster, welches in den Gebieten des Olivenanbaus wie Kreta, Griechenland, Süditalien in den späten 50er und 60er Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts zu finden war. Es ist eine relativ fettreiche Ernährung, hauptsächlich aus einfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren, mit Olivenöl als Hauptquelle von Fett. Hinzu kommt ein geringer Konsum an rotem Fleisch oder Fleischprodukten, und ein geringer bis moderater Konsum von Milch, Milchprodukten (meist Joghurt und Käse) und Wein. Eine Ernährung im mediterranen Stil ist sowohl in der primären als auch in der sekundären Prävention der PAVK effektiv.
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Metadaten
Titel
Ernährung und periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit – Teil 1
verfasst von
P. Daniels
E. S. Debus
Prof. Dr. R. T. Grundmann
Publikationsdatum
15.11.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Gefässchirurgie / Ausgabe 8/2018
Print ISSN: 0948-7034
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-3932
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00772-018-0481-x

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