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01.12.2014 | Brief Report

Executive Function Deficits in Daily Life Prospectively Predict Increases in Depressive Symptoms

verfasst von: Allison M. Letkiewicz, Gregory A. Miller, Laura D. Crocker, Stacie L. Warren, Zachary P. Infantolino, Katherine J. Mimnaugh, Wendy Heller

Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Ausgabe 6/2014

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Abstract

Executive function (EF) deficits are associated with depression. Given that few prospective studies have been conducted, it is unclear whether deficits contribute to depression or result from it. The present study examined whether self-reported EF prospectively predicted worsening of depression symptoms. Time 1 (T1) shifting, inhibition, and working memory (WM) were assessed in relation to T1 and time 2 (T2) depressive symptoms in participants pre-selected to range in risk for depression. Analyses indicated that poorer EF at T1 predicted increases in depressive symptoms and furthermore that this relationship was specific to WM. In contrast, a bidirectional relationship was not evident, as depressive symptoms did not prospectively predict changes in EF. Finally, T1 EF accounted for T2 depressive symptoms beyond two well established predictors of depression: depressive symptoms at T1 and rumination at T2. These findings suggest that EF deficits play an active role in depression onset, maintenance, and/or recurrence.

The sampling strategy of the present study included the vast majority of the range of depression symptoms and executive function scores and there was no evidence of bimodality. In a study published by Fisher et al. (2007) a similar recruitment strategy was used, and their sampling strategy also included the vast majority of the score distribution.

Because not all scores were normally distributed, Pearson and Spearman values were calculated when appropriate, as Spearman’s rho is a nonparametric correlation which deals with non-normal distributions.

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Titel: Executive Function Deficits in Daily Life Prospectively Predict Increases in Depressive Symptoms
verfasst von: Allison M. Letkiewicz
Gregory A. Miller
Laura D. Crocker
Stacie L. Warren
Zachary P. Infantolino
Katherine J. Mimnaugh
Wendy Heller
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2014
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Ausgabe 6/2014
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9629-5

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