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Erschienen in: Der Gynäkologe 1/2005

01.01.2005 | Zum Thema

Fehlbildungen nach assistierter Reproduktionsmedizin

verfasst von: Dr. D. Wunder

Erschienen in: Die Gynäkologie | Ausgabe 1/2005

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Zusammenfassung

Insgesamt deuten die Daten auf ein leicht erhöhtes Malformationsrisiko nach assistierter Reproduktionsmedizin (ART) hin. Wenn auch die Studien in ihren Ergebnissen stark schwanken und das absolute Risiko für ein Kind mit Fehlbildungen klein ist, müssen die Paare darüber aufgeklärt sein. Gesichert ist, dass Eltern nach In-vitro-Fertilisation und intrazytoplasmatischer Spermieninjektion (ICSI) durch soziodemographische und anamnestische Hintergrundsrisiken per se ein erhöhtes Risiko haben, ein Kind mit einer Fehlbildung zu zeugen. In der Kinderwunschsprechstunde müssen die Paare außerdem darüber aufgeklärt werden, dass durch ICSI gezeugte Kinder im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv ein höheres Risiko für chromosomale Anomalien haben. Dies leitet sich aus den vererbten chromosomalen Anomalien (1–4%) ab, welche schon bei den Eltern (vornehmlich bei den Vätern) vorhanden sind, oder durch chromosomale De-novo-Anomalien, welche vorwiegend durch die schlechte Spermienqualität (2,1% bei einer Spermienzahl <20 Mio./ml) zustande kommen. Die Gesundheit von Kindern nach assistierter Reproduktionsmedizin muss unbedingt in weiteren Studien ausgewertet werden, um klare Schlüsse über die Sicherheit dieser Techniken zu erlangen. Immer noch unklar sind vor allem die Relevanz des Risikofaktors „Sterilität“ an und für sich sowie die Bedeutung epigenetischer Veränderungen nach Einsatz der assistierten Reproduktionsmedizin.
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Metadaten
Titel
Fehlbildungen nach assistierter Reproduktionsmedizin
verfasst von
Dr. D. Wunder
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2005
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Gynäkologie / Ausgabe 1/2005
Print ISSN: 2731-7102
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7110
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-004-1639-z

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