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Gynäkologische Endokrinologie

Erschienen in:

25.09.2023 | Frühgeburten | Leitthema

Immunologische Konsequenzen bei frühgeborenen Kindern

verfasst von: Josina M. Hofer, Dimitra E. Zazara, Anke Diemert, Petra Clara Arck

Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie | Ausgabe 4/2023

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Zusammenfassung

Das Risiko für Frühgeburten konnte trotz des wachsenden medizinischen Fortschritts der vergangenen Jahrzehnte nicht nennenswert gesenkt werden und betrifft derzeit etwa 8–11 % aller Schwangerschaften. Eine Frühgeburt ist verbunden mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität der Kinder. In diesem Zusammenhang haben die postnatal fortgesetzte Reifung des Immunsystems und die weitere Entwicklung von Organen in extrauteriner statt intrauteriner Umgebung eine besondere Bedeutung. Hierbei wird das neonatale, noch nicht an die extrauterine Umgebung angepasste Immunsystem mit der verfrühten postnatalen Mikrobiombesiedlung der noch nicht voll ausgereiften Organe konfrontiert. Auch besteht die Gefahr des Kontakts mit pathogenen Erregern und daraus resultierenden Infektionen. Zusammengenommen hat die Frühgeburt weitreichende gesundheitliche Konsequenzen für die Kinder, die bis ins Erwachsenenalter bestehen können. Der vorzeitig unterbrochene Transfer von mütterlichen Nährstoffen und Immunmarkern über die Plazenta kann diese Krankheitsrisiken noch verstärken. Wir diskutieren hier grundlegende Mechanismen der Immunantwort bei Frühgeborenen und stellen klinische Handlungsmaßnahmen vor.

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Titel: Immunologische Konsequenzen bei frühgeborenen Kindern
verfasst von: Josina M. Hofer
Dimitra E. Zazara
Anke Diemert
Petra Clara Arck
Publikationsdatum: 25.09.2023
Verlag: Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter: Frühgeburten
Postnatale Adaptation
Fetale und neonatale Infektionen
Das Frühgeborene
Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie / Ausgabe 4/2023
Print ISSN: 1610-2894
Elektronische ISSN: 1610-2908
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-023-00538-x

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