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Genetische und medikamentöse Einflüsse auf die Funktion des präfrontalen Kortex bei schizophrenen Patienten

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Andreas Heinz, Dieter F. Braus, Berenice Romero, Jürgen Gallinat, Imke Puls, Georg Juckel, Daniel R. Weinberger

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 9/2004

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Zusammenfassung

Bildgebende Studien mit PET, SPECT, funktioneller Kernspintomographie und Spektroskopie zeigen frontale Funktionsstörungen bei schizophrenen Patienten. Störungen der Funktion des präfrontalen Kortex werden mit kognitiven Einschränkungen und Negativsymptomen in Verbindung gebracht. In kombinierten, multimodalen Untersuchungsdesigns konnte gezeigt werden, dass entwicklungsgeschichtlich früh erworbene Funktionsstörungen in frontotemporolimbischen Arealen mit einer Enthemmung der subkortikalen dopaminergen Neurotransmission verbunden sein können. Dabei verweisen aktuelle Studien auf den wichtigen Einfluss genetischer Faktoren auf die dopaminerge Neurotransmission und ihre Interaktion mit der Funktion des präfrontalen Kortex. Erste Untersuchungen weisen zudem darauf hin, dass sich die Funktionsstörung des frontalen Kortex unter der Therapie mit atypischen Neuroleptika zumindest partiell wieder zurückbilden kann. Wir geben einen Überblick über die Literatur zu frontalen Funktionsstörungen schizophrener Patienten und diskutieren den Einfluss genetischer Merkmale und antipsychotischer Medikation hierauf. Eine molekulare Bildgebung, die verschiedene bildgebende Verfahren mit genetischen Untersuchungen kombiniert, kann einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Verständnis neuropsychiatrischer Krankheitsbilder leisten.

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Titel: Genetische und medikamentöse Einflüsse auf die Funktion des präfrontalen Kortex bei schizophrenen Patienten
verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Andreas Heinz
Dieter F. Braus
Berenice Romero
Jürgen Gallinat
Imke Puls
Georg Juckel
Daniel R. Weinberger
Publikationsdatum: 01.10.2004
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 9/2004
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-004-1713-8

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