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Identifikation von Risikogenen für Alkoholabhängigkeit

Das NMDA-Rezeptor-System

verfasst von: Dr. G. Schumann, C. Saam, A. Heinz, K. Mann, J. Treutlein

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 11/2005

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Zusammenfassung

Alkoholabhängigkeit ist eine der häufigsten Suchterkrankungen, die zum Teil durch erbliche Eigenschaften verursacht wird. Dabei tragen mehrere Gene zur Erkrankung bei, wobei jedes beteiligte Gen nur geringen Effekt auf den Phänotyp hat. Neben der Wirkung auf andere Signaltransduktionsmechanismen inhibiert Alkohol spezifisch die NMDA-Signal-Transduktionskaskade, die den exzitatorischen Effekt von Glutamat im Gehirn vermittelt. Die alkoholsensitiven Zielmoleküle umfassen die NMDA-Rezeptoren, nachfolgende Signalmoleküle des glutamatergen Systems, Glutamattransporter und assoziierte regulatorische Proteine. Adaptive Prozesse des glutamatergen Systems während chronischen Alkoholkonsums könnten eine große Rolle für die Entwicklung späterer Entzugserscheinungen spielen. Studien an Kandidatengenen, sowohl Assoziationsstudien als auch tierexperimentelle Studien, sind geeignet, die oligogenen Effekte nachzuweisen und ein wertvolles Instrument für die Erforschung der Alkoholabhängigkeit.

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Titel: Identifikation von Risikogenen für Alkoholabhängigkeit
Das NMDA-Rezeptor-System
verfasst von: Dr. G. Schumann
C. Saam
A. Heinz
K. Mann
J. Treutlein
Publikationsdatum: 01.11.2005
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 11/2005
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-005-1917-6

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