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Erschienen in:
01.10.2013 | Original
Impact of chronic liver disease in intensive care unit acquired pneumonia: a prospective study
Erschienen in: Intensive Care Medicine | Ausgabe 10/2013
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Purpose
To assess the impact of chronic liver disease (CLD) on ICU-acquired pneumonia.
Methods
This was a prospective, observational study of the characteristics, microbiology, and outcomes of 343 consecutive patients with ICU-acquired pneumonia clustered according to the presence of CLD.
Results
Sixty-seven (20 %) patients had CLD (67 % had liver cirrhosis, LC), MELD score 26 ± 9, 20 % Child–Pugh class C). They presented higher severity scores than patients without CLD both on admission to the ICU (APACHE II, LC 19 ± 6 vs. other CLD 18 ± 6 vs. no CLD 16 ± 6; p < 0.001; SOFA, 10 ± 3 vs. 8 ± 4 vs. 7 ± 3; p < 0.001) and at onset of pneumonia (APACHE II, 19 ± 6 vs. 17 ± 6 vs. 16 ± 5; p = 0.001; SOFA, 11 ± 4 vs. 9 ± 4 vs. 7 ± 3; p < 0.001). Levels of CRP were lower in patients with LC than in the other two groups (day 1, 6.5 [2.5–11.5] vs. 13 [6–23] vs. 15.5 [8–24], p < 0.001, day 3, 6 [3–12] vs. 16 [9–21] vs. 11 [5–20], p = 0.001); all the other biomarkers were higher in LC and other CLD patients. LC patients had higher 28- and 90-day mortality (63 vs. 28 %, p < 0.001; 72 vs. 38 %, p < 0.001, respectively) than non-CLD patients. Presence of LC was independently associated with decreased 28- and 90-day survival (95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.982–17.250; p = 0.001; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 2.915–20.699, p = 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions
In critically ill patients with ICU-acquired pneumonia, CLD is associated with a more severe clinical presentation and poor clinical outcomes. Moreover, LC is independently associated with 28- and 90-day mortality. The results of this study are important for future trials focused on mortality.