Introduction
Methods
Participants
Variables
Statistical analysis
Results
Parameter | Categories | ORIF (n = 2000) | ARIF (n = 48) | Fracturoscopy (n = 52) | SMD | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Range | Mean (SD) | Range | Mean (SD) | Range | ORIF vs. fracturoscopy | ||
Age (years) | 50.3 (15.1) | 18–95 | 42.8 (13.3) | 20–77 | 48.4 (15.4) | 18–82 | 0.13 | |
Weight (kg) | 80 (19) | 34–172 | 78.8 (14.7) | 54–120 | 77.9 (17.7) | 47–120 | 0.11 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.7 (5.4) | 11.4–52 | 25.9 (4.4) | 18–36 | 25.8 (5) | 17.3–39 | 0.17 |
Parameter | Categories | ORIF (n = 2000) | ARIF (n = 48) | Fracturoscopy (n = 52) | SMD | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | OR | ||
Sex | Male | 1087 | 54.4 | 24 | 50.0 | 32 | 61.5 | 1.34 |
Female | 912 | 45.6 | 24 | 50.0 | 20 | 38.5 | ||
Age category | ≤ 39 years | 475 | 23.8 | 21 | 43.8 | 16 | 30.8 | 1.43 |
40–64 years | 1184 | 59.2 | 25 | 52.1 | 29 | 55.8 | ||
65–79 years | 273 | 13.7 | 2 | 4.2 | 6 | 11.5 | ||
≥ 80 years | 68 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.9 | ||
Comorbidities | None | 1180 | 59.5 | 33 | 68.8 | 36 | 69.2 | 1.53 |
1–3 | 703 | 35.4 | 14 | 29.2 | 13 | 25.0 | ||
4–5 | 75 | 3.8 | 1 | 2.1 | 2 | 3.8 | ||
≥ 6 | 26 | 1.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.9 | ||
DM | No/unknown | 1877 | 94.0 | 48 | 100.0 | 47 | 90.4 | 1.66 |
Yes | 120 | 6.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 9.6 | ||
Smoking | No/unknown | 1642 | 82.4 | 28 | 59.6 | 36 | 69.2 | 2.08 |
Yes | 351 | 17.6 | 19 | 40.4 | 16 | 30.8 | ||
IS | No/unknown | 1964 | 98.3 | 48 | 100.0 | 52 | 100.0 | – |
Yes | 33 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
Parameter | Category | ORIF (n = 2000) | ARIF (n = 48) | Fracturoscopy (n = 52) | OR | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |||
AO/OTA | B1 | 143 | 7.7 | 10 | 20.8 | 3 | 5.8 | |
B2 | 320 | 17.3 | 28 | 58.3 | 16 | 30.8 | ||
B3 | 561 | 30.3 | 10 | 20.8 | 18 | 34.6 | ||
C1 | 183 | 9.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 5.8 | ||
C2 | 152 | 8.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.9 | ||
C3 | 495 | 26.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 11 | 21.2 | ||
AO/OTA | B | 1024 | 55.2 | 48 | 100.0 | 37 | 71.2 | |
C | 830 | 44 | 0 | 0.0 | 15 | 28.8 | 0.50 | |
Open fracture | No/unknown | 1911 | 95.7 | 48 | 100.0 | 50 | 96.2 | |
Yes | 86 | 4.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 3.8 | 0.89 | |
Compartment syndrome | No/unknown | 1862 | 93.1 | 48 | 100.0 | 51 | 98.1 | |
Yes | 138 | 6.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.9 | 0.26 | |
Polytrauma | Yes | 1773 | 88.7 | 45 | 93.8 | 48 | 92.3 | |
No | 227 | 11.4 | 3 | 6.3 | 4,00 | 7.7 | 0.65 | |
Relevant concomitant injury | No/unknown | 1407 | 70.5 | 31 | 64.6 | 34 | 65.4 | |
Yes | 590 | 29.5 | 17 | 35.4 | 18 | 34.6 | 1.26 | |
Operation Time | Night | 884 | 44.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.9 | |
Day | 1116 | 55.8 | 48 | 100.0 | 51 | 98.1 | 40.4 | |
Blood bag use | No/unknown | 1802 | 90.1 | 46 | 95.8 | 48 | 92.3 | |
Yes | 198 | 9.9 | 2 | 4.2 | 4 | 7.7 | 0.76 |
ORIF (n = 2000) | ARIF (n = 48) | Fracturoscopy (n = 52) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Screw | 244 | 12.2 | 48 | 100.0 | 1 | 1.9 |
Plate | 861 | 43.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 27 | 51.9 |
External fixation | 474 | 23.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 7.7 |
Double plate | 95 | 4.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 5.8 |
Plate and screw | 305 | 15.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 16 | 30.8 |
Other | 21 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 1.9 |
OR | 95% CI | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Fracturoscopy | 0.65 | 0.07 | 5.68 | 0.69 |
BMI (per 5 kg/m2) | 1.35 | 1.08 | 1.67 | 0.006 |
Smoker (vs. none) | 2.16 | 1.25 | 3.73 | 0.005 |
Immune suppression | 5.53 | 1.59 | 19.3 | 0.006 |
Compartment syndrome | 6.64 | 3.65 | 121 | 0.000 |
Polytrauma | 2.05 | 1.02 | 4.12 | 0.039 |
Open fracture | 2.43 | 1.08 | 5.47 | 0.029 |
Comorbidities | ||||
1–3 | 1.64 | 0.93 | 2.90 | 0.081 |
4–5− | 6.02 | 2.47 | 14.7 | 0.000 |
6 + | 7.63 | 2.01 | 28.9 | 0.002 |
AO category (C vs. B) | 3.16 | 1.74 | 5.73 | 0.000 |
Night-time | 6.15 | 3.60 | 10.5 | 0.000 |