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Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie 10/2011

01.10.2011 | Leitthema

Therapie lokaler Knorpelschäden im Patellofemoralgelenk

verfasst von: Dr. S. Anders, P. Lechler, J. Grifka, J. Schaumburger

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 10/2011

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Zusammenfassung

Patellofemorale Knorpelschäden stellen keine ätiologische Entität dar. Komorbiditäten wie Malalignement oder Instabilität sind häufig. Die Ergebnisse patellofemoraler Knorpeloperationen sind variabel. Die aktuelle Studienlage lässt kein einheitliches Therapiekonzept erkennen: Tendenziell bessere Ergebnisse können verfahrensübergreifend durch eine Verbesserung der Biomechanik wie z. B. dem Tuberositastransfer erzielt werden. Bei patellofemoraler Instabilität tritt die Rekonstruktion des medialen patellofemoralen Ligaments (MPFL) verstärkt in den Interessenfokus. Mikrofrakturierung oder osteochondraler Zylindertransfer bzw. Mosaikplastik werden eher für kleinere Defekte empfohlen. Für Defektgrößen ab 4 cm2 zeigen komparative Studien Vorteile für die autologe Chondrozytentransplantation (ACT). Bei unseren eigenen Patienten schnitten nach einer Matrix-ACT (MACI®) die isolierten Trochleadefekte vor den Patelladefekten und den bipolaren Läsionen im Lysholm-Score am besten ab. Während Trochleadefekte effektiv therapierbar sind, kann eine ACT bei bipolaren Läsionen nicht uneingeschränkt empfohlen werden. Die Nachbehandlung patellofemoraler Läsionen geht mit einem erhöhten Bedarf an Zeit und Ressourcen einher. Weitere klar definierte komparative randomisierte Studien mit größeren Fallzahlen sind für die Entwicklung eines differenziellen Therapiealgorithmus notwendig.
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Metadaten
Titel
Therapie lokaler Knorpelschäden im Patellofemoralgelenk
verfasst von
Dr. S. Anders
P. Lechler
J. Grifka
J. Schaumburger
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 10/2011
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-011-1776-8

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