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03.08.2022 | Review Article

Adiponectin, the adiponectin paradox, and Alzheimer’s Disease: Is this association biologically plausible?

verfasst von: Rômulo Sperduto Dezonne, Cláudia Maria Pereira, Cyro José de Moraes Martins, Virgínia Genelhu de Abreu, Emilio Antonio Francischetti

Erschienen in: Metabolic Brain Disease | Ausgabe 1/2023

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Abstract

Dementia, especially Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and vascular dementia, is a major public health problem that continues to expand in both economically emerging and hegemonic countries. In 2017, the World Alzheimer Report estimated that over 50 million people were living with dementia globally. Metabolic dysfunctions of brain structures such as the hippocampus and cerebral cortex have been implicated as risk factors for dementia. Several well-defined metabolic risk factors for AD include visceral obesity, chronic inflammation, peripheral and brain insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypercholesterolemia, and others. In this review, we describe the relationship between the dysmetabolic mechanisms, although still unknown, and dementia, particularly AD. Adiponectin (ADPN), the most abundant circulating adipocytokine, acts as a protagonist in the metabolic dysfunction associated with AD, with unexpected and intriguing dual biological functions. This contradictory role of ADPN has been termed the adiponectin paradox. Some evidence suggests that the adiponectin paradox is important in amyloidogenic evolvability in AD. We present cumulative evidence showing that AD and T2DM share many common features. We also review the mechanistic pathways involving brain insulin resistance. We discuss the importance of the evolvability of amyloidogenic proteins (APs), defined as the capacity of a system for adaptive evolution. Finally, we describe potential therapeutic strategies in AD, based on the adiponectin paradox.

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Titel: Adiponectin, the adiponectin paradox, and Alzheimer’s Disease: Is this association biologically plausible?
verfasst von: Rômulo Sperduto Dezonne
Cláudia Maria Pereira
Cyro José de Moraes Martins
Virgínia Genelhu de Abreu
Emilio Antonio Francischetti
Publikationsdatum: 03.08.2022
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Metabolic Brain Disease / Ausgabe 1/2023
Print ISSN: 0885-7490
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7365
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01064-8

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