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Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie 11/2009

01.11.2009 | CME Weiterbildung · Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Anästhesiologisches Vorgehen bei elektiven Eingriffen an der Aorta

verfasst von: Dr. J. Knapp, M. Bernhard, H. Rauch, A. Hyhlik-Dürr, D. Böckler, A. Walther

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 11/2009

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Zusammenfassung

Das Aortenaneurysma ist eine häufige Erkrankung insbesondere des älteren Mannes. Für Deutschland ist von einer Prävalenz von 250.000 Patienten mit einem kontroll- bzw. therapiebedürftigen Aortenaneurysma auszugehen. Aufgrund der kardialen und pulmonalen Begleiterkrankungen bedarf die perioperpative Betreuung dieser Patienten einer besonderen Aufmerksamkeit. Insbesondere das hämodynamische Management während der Aortenausklemmung erfordert einen kontrollierten und vorausschauenden Einsatz von Vasodilatanzien und Katecholaminen. Darüber hinaus müssen Maßnahmen zur Nephroprotektion getroffen werden. Bei Eingriffen an der thorakalen Aorta ist zur Vermeidung einer Paraplegie bei spinaler Ischämie selektiv eine spinale Liquordrainage indiziert. Seit 1991 wurde neben der konventionellen offenen Operation die endovaskuläre Ausschaltung des Aortenaneurysmas mit Stentgrafts etabliert. Diese Methode wird mittlerweile auch in der thorakalen Aorta bei unterschiedlichen Pathologien angewandt. Bei einem Teil der Patienten mit einem Aortenaneurysma ist damit eine operative Sanierung in Regional- oder Lokalanästhesie möglich geworden. In speziellen Fällen benötigen Patienten bei der thorakalen Endograft-Implantation zur sicheren Positionierung die Induktion eines medikamentösen, passageren Herzstillstandes bzw. die Reduktion des aortalen Blutflusses durch schnelle Kammerstimulation (Overpacing).
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Metadaten
Titel
Anästhesiologisches Vorgehen bei elektiven Eingriffen an der Aorta
verfasst von
Dr. J. Knapp
M. Bernhard
H. Rauch
A. Hyhlik-Dürr
D. Böckler
A. Walther
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2009
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 11/2009
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-009-1630-0

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Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Hinter dieser Appendizitis steckte ein Erreger

23.04.2024 Appendizitis Nachrichten

Schmerzen im Unterbauch, aber sonst nicht viel, was auf eine Appendizitis hindeutete: Ein junger Mann hatte Glück, dass trotzdem eine Laparoskopie mit Appendektomie durchgeführt und der Wurmfortsatz histologisch untersucht wurde.

Ärztliche Empathie hilft gegen Rückenschmerzen

23.04.2024 Leitsymptom Rückenschmerzen Nachrichten

Personen mit chronischen Rückenschmerzen, die von einfühlsamen Ärzten und Ärztinnen betreut werden, berichten über weniger Beschwerden und eine bessere Lebensqualität.

Mehr Schaden als Nutzen durch präoperatives Aussetzen von GLP-1-Agonisten?

23.04.2024 Operationsvorbereitung Nachrichten

Derzeit wird empfohlen, eine Therapie mit GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten präoperativ zu unterbrechen. Eine neue Studie nährt jedoch Zweifel an der Notwendigkeit der Maßnahme.

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