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03.06.2019 | Original Contribution

Moderate chronic ethanol consumption exerts beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver in mice fed a high-fat diet: possible role of higher formation of triglycerides enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids

verfasst von: Simon Bucher, Karima Begriche, Daniel Catheline, Viviane Trak-Smayra, François Tiaho, Cédric Coulouarn, Grégory Pinon, Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann, Vincent Rioux, Bernard Fromenty

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 4/2020

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Abstract

Purpose

Several clinical studies suggested that light-to-moderate alcohol intake could alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood.

Methods

Mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were submitted or not to moderate ethanol intake for 3 months (ca. 10 g/kg/day) via drinking water. Biochemical, analytical and transcriptomic analyses were performed in serum and liver.

Results

Serum ethanol concentrations in ethanol-treated HFD mice comprised between 0.5 and 0.7 g/l throughout the experiment. NAFLD improvement was observed in ethanol-treated HFD mice as assessed by reduced serum transaminase activity. This was associated with less microvesicular and more macrovacuolar steatosis, the absence of apoptotic hepatocytes and a trend towards less fibrosis. Liver lipid analysis showed increased amounts of fatty acids incorporated in triglycerides and phospholipids, reduced proportion of palmitic acid in total lipids and higher desaturation index, thus suggesting enhanced stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase activity. mRNA expression of several glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes was upregulated. Genome-wide expression profiling and gene set enrichment analysis revealed an overall downregulation of the expression of genes involved in collagen fibril organization and leukocyte chemotaxis and an overall upregulation of the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly. In addition, mRNA expression of several proteasome subunits was upregulated in ethanol-treated HFD mice.

Conclusions

Moderate chronic ethanol consumption may alleviate NAFLD by several mechanisms including the generation of non-toxic lipid species, reduced expression of profibrotic and proinflammatory genes, restoration of mitochondrial function and possible stimulation of proteasome activity.

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Titel: Moderate chronic ethanol consumption exerts beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver in mice fed a high-fat diet: possible role of higher formation of triglycerides enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids
verfasst von: Simon Bucher
Karima Begriche
Daniel Catheline
Viviane Trak-Smayra
François Tiaho
Cédric Coulouarn
Grégory Pinon
Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
Vincent Rioux
Bernard Fromenty
Publikationsdatum: 03.06.2019
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 4/2020
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-02017-1

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