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Brain Structure and Function

Erschienen in:

06.05.2017 | Review

Melatonin receptors: distribution in mammalian brain and their respective putative functions

verfasst von: Khuen Yen Ng, Mun Kit Leong, Huazheng Liang, George Paxinos

Erschienen in: Brain Structure and Function | Ausgabe 7/2017

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Abstract

Melatonin, through its different receptors, has pleiotropic functions in mammalian brain. Melatonin is secreted mainly by the pineal gland and exerts its effects via receptor-mediated and non-receptor-mediated actions. With recent advancement in neuroanatomical mapping, we may now understand better the localizations of the two G protein-coupled melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2. The abundance of these melatonin receptors in respective brain regions suggests that receptor-mediated actions of melatonin might play crucial roles in the functions of central nervous system. Hence, this review aims to summarize the distribution of melatonin receptors in the brain and to discuss the putative functions of melatonin in the retina, cerebral cortex, reticular thalamic nucleus, habenula, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, periaqueductal gray, dorsal raphe nucleus, midbrain and cerebellum. Studies on melatonin receptors in the brain are important because cumulative evidence has pointed out that melatonin receptors not only play important physiological roles in sleep, anxiety, pain and circadian rhythm, but might also be involved in the pathogenesis of a number of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease.

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Titel: Melatonin receptors: distribution in mammalian brain and their respective putative functions
verfasst von: Khuen Yen Ng
Mun Kit Leong
Huazheng Liang
George Paxinos
Publikationsdatum: 06.05.2017
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Brain Structure and Function / Ausgabe 7/2017
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Elektronische ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-017-1439-6

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Melatonin receptors: distribution in mammalian brain and their respective putative functions

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