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01.06.2014 | Original Article

The Effectiveness of Gain- Versus Loss-Framed Health Messages in Improving Oral Health in Iranian Secondary Schools: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

verfasst von: Amir H. Pakpour, Ph.D., Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Ph.D., Falko F. Sniehotta, Ph.D., John A. Updegraff, Ph.D., Stephan U. Dombrowski, Ph.D.

Erschienen in: Annals of Behavioral Medicine | Ausgabe 3/2014

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Abstract

Background

Adherence to oral self-care behaviors is low among adolescents.

Purpose

This study aims to examine effects of two message framing interventions on oral self-care behaviors and health among Iranian adolescents.

Methods

Cluster-randomized controlled trial, with four schools randomly assigned to receive gain-framed, loss-framed, or no messages. Brushing/flossing, attitudes, intentions, oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL), and clinical examinations were measured at baseline, two and twenty-four weeks. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling.

Results

At 2 weeks, loss-frame participants reported higher brushing and flossing rates, and more favorable attitudes and intentions to brush, compared to the other groups. At 24 weeks, loss-frame participants showed better OHRQOL, gingival health and less dental plaque compared to the other groups. Attitudes and intentions mediated intervention effects for the loss-framed group.

Conclusions

Loss-framed messages were more effective than gain-framed messages in encouraging oral self-care behaviors among Iranian adolescents. These effects were mediated through attitudes and intentions. (clinicaltrials.gov number NCT01421108.)

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Titel: The Effectiveness of Gain- Versus Loss-Framed Health Messages in Improving Oral Health in Iranian Secondary Schools: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
verfasst von: Amir H. Pakpour, Ph.D.
Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Ph.D.
Falko F. Sniehotta, Ph.D.
John A. Updegraff, Ph.D.
Stephan U. Dombrowski, Ph.D.
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2014
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Annals of Behavioral Medicine / Ausgabe 3/2014
Print ISSN: 0883-6612
Elektronische ISSN: 1532-4796
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9543-1

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The Effectiveness of Gain- Versus Loss-Framed Health Messages in Improving Oral Health in Iranian Secondary Schools: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial