Background
Methods
Study subjects
Study protocol
Histopathological evaluation
Statistical analyses
Results
Characteristic | N† or Mean* | %† or SD* |
---|---|---|
Age (y) | 44.4 | 17.1 |
Gender | ||
Males | 51 | 92.7 |
Females | 4 | 7.3 |
Personal habits | ||
Tobacco use | ||
Tobacco | 16 | 29.1 |
Tobacco + lime | 33 | 60.0 |
Snuff | 2 | 3.6 |
Betel nut | ||
Smoking | 35 | 63.6 |
Bidi | 6 | 10.9 |
Cigarettes | 2 | 03.6 |
Alcohol | 11 | 20.0 |
Number of samples | ||
1 | 14 | 25.5 |
2 | 38 | 69.1 |
3 | 3 | 5.5 |
Location of lesion | ||
Tongue | 5 | 5.1 |
Palate | 1 | 1.1 |
Buccal mucosa | 70 | 70.7 |
Buccal vestibule | 10 | 10.1 |
Commensural Mucosa | 7 | 7.1 |
Retromolar area | 1 | 1.0 |
Labial vestibule | 5 | 5.1 |
Variability in reference standard evaluation
Composite histopathological evaluation
Comparison of diagnostic performance
Protocol | Parameter | Compared to HPMV | Using LCA |
---|---|---|---|
CHEM | Sensitivity | 1.00 (0.82-1.00) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) |
Specificity | 0.01 (0.00-0.06) | 0.01 (0.00-0.04) | |
TBLU | Sensitivity | 0.59 (0.36-0.78) | 0.99 (0.92-1.00) |
Specificity | 0.79 (0.69-0.87) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) | |
CHTB | Sensitivity | 0.59 (0.36-0.78) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) |
Specificity | 0.78 (0.68-0.86) | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) | |
HPMV | Sensitivity | --- | 0.37 (0.19-0.55) |
Specificity | --- | 0.90 (0.83-0.97) | |
Prevalence of HRL | 0.17 (0.10-0.24) | 0.27 (0.18-0.36) |