Background
Methods
Study design
Study participants
Low back pain
Body composition parameters
Muscle, fat, body weight and bone mass
Physical characteristics
Body height and height loss
Covariates
Statistical analysis
Results
Clinical characteristics of the study population
Women | Men | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No LBP | LBP | p-value | No LBP | LBP | p-value | |||||
n = 747 | n = 567 | n = 543 | n = 355 | |||||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
Age(years) | 72.5 | 6.6 | 73.5 | 6.5 |
0.01
| 72.9 | 6.6 | 72.8 | 6.4 | 0.92 |
Body weight(kg) | 50.8 | 8.4 | 50.5 | 8.3 | 0.52 | 60.5 | 8.6 | 61.0 | 8.9 | 0.40 |
Body height (cm) | 150.6 | 5.9 | 149.1 | 5.7 |
< 0.01
| 163.1 | 6.1 | 162.7 | 6.2 | 0.42 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.4 | 3.4 | 22.7 | 3.4 | 0.11 | 22.7 | 2.8 | 23.0 | 2.8 | 0.16 |
Muscle mass(kg) | 14.2 | 2.0 | 14.0 | 2.1 | 0.21 | 20.2 | 2.9 | 20.4 | 3.2 | 0.25 |
Fat mass(kg) | 15.2 | 6.4 | 15.4 | 6.2 | 0.55 | 11.7 | 5.0 | 11.9 | 5.1 | 0.51 |
Bone mass %YAM(%)a | 83.9 | 10.0 | 83.4 | 9.9 | 0.40 | 91.3 | 11.0 | 91.3 | 12.3 | 0.93 |
Height loss (cm) | 2.9 | 2.4 | 4.0 | 3.3 |
< 0.01
| 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 2.6 |
< 0.01
|
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |||
Alcohol intake | 213 | 28.5 | 144 | 25.4 | 0.21 | 385 | 70.9 | 248 | 69.9 | 0.74 |
Current smoking | 8 | 1.1 | 5 | 0.9 | 0.73 | 79 | 14.5 | 62 | 17.5 | 0.24 |
History of fall | 113 | 15.1 | 96 | 16.9 | 0.38 | 56 | 10.3 | 58 | 16.3 |
< 0.01
|
Hypertension | 279 | 37.3 | 259 | 45.7 |
< 0.01
| 212 | 39.0 | 156 | 43.9 | 0.14 |
Diabetes mellitus | 68 | 9.1 | 45 | 7.9 | 0.46 | 77 | 14.2 | 49 | 13.8 | 0.87 |
Dyslipidemia | 240 | 32.1 | 195 | 34.4 | 0.39 | 97 | 17.9 | 67 | 18.9 | 0.70 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 11 | 1.5 | 15 | 2.6 | 0.13 | 24 | 4.4 | 28 | 7.9 |
0.03
|
Chronic Heart disease | 42 | 5.6 | 55 | 9.7 |
< 0.01
| 62 | 11.6 | 34 | 10.7 | 0.38 |
Community 1 | 317 | 42.4 | 218 | 38.4 | 243 | 44.8 | 186 | 52.4 | ||
Community 2 | 255 | 34.1 | 210 | 37.0 | 152 | 28.0 | 87 | 24.5 | ||
Community 3 | 175 | 23.4 | 139 | 24.5 | 0.34 | 148 | 27.3 | 82 | 23.1 | 0.08 |
Association between low back pain and covariates
Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value | |||||
Age | 1.00 | 0.98 | – | 1.02 | 0.77 | 0.99 | 0.97 | – | 1.01 | 0.19 |
Body height | 0.96 | 0.93 | – | 0.98 |
< 0.01
| 0.98 | 0.95 | – | 1.00 | 0.08 |
Muscle mass | 1.02 | 0.95 | – | 1.11 | 0.55 | 1.01 | 0.93 | – | 1.10 | 0.74 |
Fat mass | 1.00 | 0.98 | – | 1.02 | 0.85 | 1.00 | 0.98 | – | 1.02 | 0.95 |
Smoking | 0.90 | 0.29 | – | 2.79 | 0.85 | 0.89 | 0.28 | – | 2.80 | 0.84 |
Alcohol | 0.90 | 0.70 | – | 1.16 | 0.43 | 0.91 | 0.70 | – | 1.18 | 0.47 |
History of fall | 1.05 | 0.77 | – | 1.42 | 0.77 | 1.05 | 0.77 | – | 1.43 | 0.76 |
Hypertension | 1.31 | 1.03 | – | 1.66 |
0.03
| 1.32 | 1.04 | – | 1.69 |
0.02
|
Dislipidemia | 1.05 | 0.82 | – | 1.35 | 0.67 | 1.11 | 0.87 | – | 1.43 | 0.39 |
Diabetes | 0.73 | 0.48 | – | 1.09 | 0.13 | 0.73 | 0.48 | – | 1.11 | 0.14 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1.72 | 0.77 | – | 3.85 | 0.18 | 1.82 | 0.81 | – | 4.09 | 0.15 |
Chronic heart disease | 1.61 | 1.05 | – | 2.48 |
0.03
| 1.57 | 1.01 | – | 2.43 | 0.04 |
Height loss | – | – | – | – | 1.14 | 1.08 | 1.20 |
< 0.01
|
Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value | |||||
Age | 1.00 | 0.97 | – | 1.02 | 0.83 | 0.99 | 0.96 | – | 1.01 | 0.25 |
Body height | 0.98 | 0.95 | – | 1.00 | 0.10 | 0.99 | 0.97 | – | 1.02 | 0.67 |
Muscle mass | 1.05 | 0.99 | – | 1.12 | 0.11 | 1.04 | 0.98 | – | 1.11 | 0.20 |
Fat mass | 1.00 | 0.96 | – | 1.03 | 0.76 | 1.00 | 0.96 | – | 1.03 | 0.82 |
Smoking | 1.26 | 0.86 | – | 1.84 | 0.23 | 1.21 | 0.83 | – | 1.77 | 0.32 |
Alcohol | 0.97 | 0.72 | – | 1.31 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 0.70 | – | 1.29 | 0.75 |
History of fall | 1.74 | 1.16 | – | 2.61 |
0.01
| 1.70 | 1.13 | – | 2.56 |
0.01
|
Hypertension | 1.19 | 0.89 | – | 1.61 | 0.24 | 1.21 | 0.90 | – | 1.63 | 0.21 |
Dislipidemia | 1.00 | 0.70 | – | 1.44 | 1.00 | 1.07 | 0.74 | – | 1.54 | 0.72 |
Diabetes | 0.89 | 0.59 | – | 1.33 | 0.56 | 0.92 | 0.61 | – | 1.38 | 0.69 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1.80 | 1.01 | – | 3.18 |
0.04
| 1.88 | 1.05 | – | 3.34 |
0.03
|
Chronic heart disease | 0.75 | 0.47 | – | 1.19 | 0.22 | 0.75 | 0.47 | – | 1.19 | 0.22 |
Height loss | – | – | – | – | 1.13 | 1.06 | 1.21 |
< 0.01
|