Background
Methods
Study area
Traditional medicinal markets at the Dragon Boat Festival
Ethnobotanical methods
Family name | Scientific name | Chinese name | Yao name | Medicinal use | Part(s) used | Habitat | Originality | Conservation status | Use value | Frequency | Voucher number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acanthaceae | Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees | 穿心莲 | Chuan fin lian | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) P268 | NE | 1.10 | 16 | JH-141 |
Aceraceae | Acer mono Maxim. | 色木槭 | Se diang qie | Rheumatism | Stem, leaf | Tree | – | NE | 0.87 | 12 | JH-021 |
Acoraceae | Acorus tatarinowii Schott | 石菖蒲 | Lao bie chang pu | Cold | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) P91 | NE | 0.87 | 65 | JH-202 |
Adoxaceae | Viburnum odoratissimum Ker-Gawl. | 珊瑚树 | Shan hu dang | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 0.85 | 39 | JH-035 |
Amaranthaceae | Achyranthes aspera L. | 土牛膝 | Tu ong che bo | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, nourishing, relieve pain | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.51 | 45 | JH-267 |
Amaranthaceae | Achyranthes bidentata Blume | 牛膝 | Ong che bo | Nourishing | Root | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p72 | NE | 0.85 | 56 | JH-050 |
Angiopteridaceae | Angiopteris fokiensis Hieron. | 福建观音座莲 | Fu jian guan yin zuo lian | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, relieve pain | Rhizome | Fern | – | NE | 1.25 | 18 | JH-222 |
Annonaceae | Fissistigma polyanthum (Hook. f. et Thoms.) Merr. | 黑风藤 | Ji jia mei | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Shrub | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p593 | NE | 0.84 | 40 | JH-298 |
Apocynaceae | Cynanchum paniculatum (Bunge) Kitagawa | 徐长卿 | Xu chang qing | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, relieve cough | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p285 | NE | 1.25 | 64 | JH-278 |
Apocynaceae | Dischidia australis Tsiang et P. T. Li | 尖叶眼树莲 | Lai nong mu jin diang lian | Eliminating inflammation, rheumatism | Whole plant | Vine | – | NE | 1.09 | 33 | JH-127 |
Apocynaceae | Marsdenia sinensis Hemsl. | 牛奶菜 | Ong you lai | Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, heatstroke | Stem | Vine | – | NE | 1.09 | 35 | JH-151 |
Apocynaceae | Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem. | 络石 | Luo lao | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Vine | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p269 | NE | 0.84 | 30 | JH-045 |
Aquifoliaceae | Ilex chinensis Sims | 冬青 | Dong men | Promote blood circulation | Bark, seed | Tree | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p107 | NE | 0.84 | 41 | JH-182 |
Araceae | Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr. | 石柑子 | Lao bie gan zei | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Vine | – | NE | 0.84 | 33 | JH-185 |
Araceae | Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume | 鞭檐犁头尖 | Bian yan li tou jian | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough | Root | Herb | – | NE | 1.09 | 16 | JH-017 |
Araliaceae | Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch. | 吴茱萸五加 | Wu zhu yu heng jia | Rheumatism | Rhizome | Shrub | – | NE | 0.84 | 39 | JH-102 |
Araliaceae | Heteropanax fragrans (Roxb.) Seem. | 幌伞枫 | Huang fan jia | Rheumatism | Bark, pith | Tree | – | NE | 0.83 | 36 | JH-220 |
Araliaceae | Panax japonicus (T. Nees) C. A. Mey. | 竹节参 | Lao a shen | Nourishing, eliminating phlegm, stop bleeding, relieve pain | Rhizome | Herb | Japanese Pharmacopoeia 17 | NE | 1.48 | 15 | JH-244 |
Araliaceae | Schefflera octophylla (Linn.) Frodin | 鹅掌柴 | E zhuan zhan | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, relaxing tendons, and activating collaterals | Leaf, bark | Shrub | – | NE | 1.47 | 40 | JH-081 |
Aristolochiaceae | Asarum sagittarioides C. F. Liang | 山慈菇 | Geng ci jiu | Rheumatism, relieve pain | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p32 | NE | 1.09 | 23 | JH-277 |
Basellaceae | Basella alba L. | 落葵 | Luo kui | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Leaf, whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.08 | 37 | JH-119 |
Berberidaceae | Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying | 八角莲 | Ba guo lian | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation | Rhizome | Herb | – | VU | 1.08 | 12 | JH-235 |
Berberidaceae | Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde | 十大功劳 | Jie da gong luo | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Root, stem | Shrub | – | NE | 0.83 | 60 | JH-241 |
Caesalpiniaceae | Bauhinia championii (Benth.) Benth. | 龙须藤 | Long xu mei | Rheumatism, relaxing tendons, and activating collaterals, relieve pain | Stem | Vine | – | NE | 1.45 | 31 | JH-285 |
Cannabinaceae | Humulus scandens (Lour.) Merr. | 葎草 | Lv mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.08 | 17 | JH-226 |
Caprifoliaceae | Lonicera confusa (Sweet) DC. | 华南忍冬 | Hua nan yin dong | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Flower, stem, leaf | Vine | – | NE | 0.83 | 56 | JH-149 |
Caprifoliaceae | Lonicera japonica Thunb. | 忍冬 | Yin dong | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation | Stem | Vine | – | NE | 1.08 | 48 | JH-085 |
Celastraceae | Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. | 南蛇藤 | Nan nang mei | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism | Fruit | Vine | – | NE | 1.07 | 34 | JH-287 |
Celastraceae | Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz. | 扶芳藤 | Fu fang mei | Relaxing tendons and activating collaterals | Stem, leaf | Shrub | – | NE | 1.07 | 53 | JH-066 |
Celastraceae | Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. | 雷公藤 | Bu ong mei | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 0.80 | 48 | JH-118 |
Chloranthaceae | Chloranthus fortunei (A. Gray) Solms-Laub. | 丝穗金粟兰 | Si sui jin su lan | Rheumatism, cold, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.39 | 73 | JH-055 |
Colchicaceae | Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr. | 万寿竹 | Wan shou lao | Relieve cough, promote digestion | Rhizome | Herb | – | NE | 1.06 | 40 | JH-214 |
Commelinaceae | Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Mazz. | 疣草 | You mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.05 | 34 | JH-093 |
Compositae | Achillea millefolium L. | 蓍 | Shi | Rheumatism, gynaecopathia | Leaf, flower | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p350 | NE | 1.04 | 32 | JH-016 |
Compositae | Artemisia argyi Levl. et Van. | 艾 | Ai | Gynaecopathia | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.80 | 93 | JH-005 |
Compositae | Artemisia capillaris Thunb. | 茵陈蒿 | Yin chen hao | Promote digestion, eliminating inflammation | Leaf | Herb | Japanese Pharmacopoeia 17 | NE | 1.02 | 35 | JH-062 |
Compositae | Artemisia dubia Wall. ex Bess. | 牛尾蒿 | Ong dui hao | Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant | Herb | Tibetan medicineIp16 | NE | 1.25 | 34 | JH-156 |
Compositae | Artemisia princeps Pamp | 魁蒿 | Kui hao | Rheumatism, nourishing, gynaecopathia, eliminating inflammation, stop bleeding | Leaf | Herb | – | NE | 1.74 | 9 | JH-245 |
Compositae | Aster tataricus L. f. | 紫菀 | Zi wan | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Root | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p342 | NE | 1.02 | 35 | JH-003 |
Compositae | Centipeda minima (L.) A. Br. et Aschers. | 石胡荽 | Lao bie hu sui | Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.24 | 52 | JH-162 |
Compositae | Cirsium japonicum Fisch. ex DC. | 蓟 | Ji | Nourishing, gynaecopathia, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant, root | Herb | – | NE | 1.68 | 26 | JH-215 |
Compositae | Dendranthema lavandulifolium (Fisch. ex Trautv.) Ling & Shih | 甘菊 | Gan ju | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.80 | 39 | JH-166 |
Compositae | Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel. | 菊花 | Ju ban | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, improve eyesight | Flower | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p310 | NE | 1.24 | 68 | JH-047 |
Compositae | Farfugium japonicum (L. f.) Kitam. | 大吴风草 | Lu wu jia mi | Gynaecopathia, relieve cough | Root | Herb | – | NE | 1.01 | 34 | JH-280 |
Compositae | Gerbera anandria (L.) Sch.-Bip. | 大丁草 | Lu ding mi | Hepatitis | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.80 | 43 | JH-255 |
Compositae | Gerbera piloselloides (Linn.) Cass. | 毛大丁草 | Bie lu ding mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, infantile malnutrition | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.24 | 43 | JH-223 |
Compositae | Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. | 田基黄 | Lin ji yang | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.79 | 71 | JH-201 |
Compositae | Gynura japonica (Thunb.) Juel. | 菊三七 | Ju fang qie | Diabetes, infantile malnutrition | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.01 | 46 | JH-137 |
Compositae | Inula japonica Thunb. | 旋覆花 | Xuan fu ban | Infantile malnutrition | Root, leaf, flower | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p325 | NE | 0.79 | 15 | JH-172 |
Compositae | Kalimeris indica (L.) Sch. -Bip. | 马兰 | Ma lan | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.00 | 38 | JH-188 |
Compositae | Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | 千里光 | Qian lei guang | Skin disease, improve eyesight, heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p33 | NE | 1.22 | 63 | JH-076 |
Convolvulaceae | Cuscuta chinensis Lam. | 菟丝子 | Tu si zei | Nourishing | Seed | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p309 | NE | 0.78 | 21 | JH-286 |
Convolvulaceae | Dichondra repens Forst. | 马蹄金 | Ma dei jin | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.78 | 51 | JH-270 |
Crassulaceae | Sedum emarginatum Migo | 凹叶景天 | Ao nong jing lu | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding, hepatitis | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.21 | 67 | JH-123 |
Crassulaceae | Sedum kamtschaticum Fisch. | 堪察加景天 | Kan cha jia jing lu | Eliminating inflammation, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.21 | 2 | JH-242 |
Cruciferae | Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern. | 蔊菜 | Han cai | Stop bleeding, relieve cough | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p624 | NE | 1.00 | 43 | JH-092 |
Cucurbitaceae | Hemsleya macrosperma C. Y. Wu ex C. Y. Wu et C. L. Chen | 罗锅底 | Luo ceng di | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, gastrointestinal disease | Tuber | Vine | – | NE | 0.99 | 37 | JH-283 |
Cucurbitaceae | Thladiantha dubia Bunge | 赤瓟 | Chi bo | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, relieve cough | Fruit, root | Shrub | – | NE | 1.21 | 18 | JH-187 |
Drynaria | Pseudodrynaria coronans (Wall. ex Mett.) Ching | 崖姜 | Ya su | Rheumatism, nourishing, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals | Rhizome | Fern | – | NE | 1.37 | 63 | JH-183 |
Equisetaceae | Equisetum arvense L. | 问荆 | Nai jin | Stop bleeding | Whole plant | Fern | – | NE | 0.77 | 25 | JH-289 |
Equisetaceae | Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. subsp. debile (Roxb. ex Vauch.) Hauke | 笔管草 | Ba gu mi | Improve eyesight, induce diuresis | Whole plant | Fern | – | NE | 0.97 | 42 | JH-197 |
Euphorbiaceae | Glochidion puberum (L.) Hutch. | 算盘子 | Fu bian zei | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion, promote blood circulation | Root | Shrub | – | NE | 1.20 | 39 | JH-091 |
Fabaceae | Callerya speciosa (Champ. ex Benth.) Schot | 美丽鸡血藤 | Hao zui jia jiang mei | Nourishing, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals | Root | Vine | – | NE | 1.37 | 38 | JH-269 |
Fabaceae | Desmodium multiflorum DC. | 饿蚂蝗 | E ma huang | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, infantile malnutrition | Flower, branch | Shrub | – | NE | 0.97 | 36 | JH-144 |
Fabaceae | Entada phaseoloides (Linn.) Merr. | 榼藤 | Ke mei | Rheumatism, nourishing, promote blood circulation | Stem | Vine | – | NE | 1.20 | 15 | JH-143 |
Fabaceae | Flemingia philippinensis Merr. et Rolfe | 千斤拔 | Qin jiang ben | Nourishing | Root | Shrub | – | NE | 0.77 | 51 | JH-012 |
Fabaceae | Gleditsia sinensis Lam. | 皂荚 | Zao jia | Eliminate phlegm, induce diuresis | Pod, seed, shoot thorn | Tree | – | NE | 0.95 | 42 | JH-256 |
Fabaceae | Indigofera decora Lindl. var. ichangensis (Craib) Y. Y. Fang et C. Z. Zheng | 宜昌木蓝 | Yi chang mu lan | High fever | Root | Shrub | – | NE | 0.77 | 42 | JH-080 |
Fabaceae | Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl. | 鸡眼草 | Jia mu jin mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, promote digestion | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.19 | 67 | JH-290 |
Fabaceae | Lespedeza cuneata G. Don | 截叶铁扫帚 | Jie nong li bu. gan dao | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, improve eyesight, infantile malnutrition | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 1.19 | 18 | JH-292 |
Gramineae | Lophatherum gracile Brongn. | 淡竹叶 | Cuan lao nong | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough, induce diuresis | Root | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p328 | NE | 1.19 | 72 | JH-243 |
Gramineae | Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. | 狼尾草 | Lang dui mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.95 | 28 | JH-106 |
Gramineae | Saccharum spontaneum L. | 甜根子草 | Gan mi zei mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, cold, relieve cough | Rhizome, stem | Herb | – | NE | 1.18 | 57 | JH-276 |
Guttiferae | Hypericum japonicum Thunb. ex Murray | 地耳草 | Dao mu nong mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, promote digestion | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p198 | NE | 1.18 | 42 | JH-189 |
Guttiferae | Hypericum monogynum L. | 金丝桃 | Jin si tao | Rheumatism, relieve cough, stomachache | Root | Shrub | – | NE | 1.18 | 48 | JH-140 |
Guttiferae | Hypericum sampsonii Hance | 元宝草 | Yuan bao mi | Gynaecopathia, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p79 | NE | 1.37 | 52 | JH-131 |
Juncaceae | Juncus effusus L. | 灯心草 | Dang fin mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, respiratory disease, relieve cough | Spith | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p147 | NE | 1.36 | 60 | JH-262 |
Labiatae | Leonurus artemisia (Laur.) S. Y. Hu | 益母草 | Yi mu cao | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p290 | NE | 0.77 | 67 | JH-075 |
Labiatae | Lycopus lucidus Turcz. | 地笋 | Dao bia | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.76 | 38 | JH-033 |
Labiatae | Mosla chinensis Maxim. | 石香薷 | Shi xiang ru | Heatstroke | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.76 | 9 | JH-019 |
Labiatae | Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Kassk. | 珍珠菜 | Zhen zhu lai | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.74 | 40 | JH-239 |
Labiatae | Prunella vulgaris L. | 夏枯草 | Xia ku cao | Improve eyesight, promote blood circulation | Fruit cluster, flower | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p280 | NE | 0.74 | 67 | JH-179 |
Labiatae | Scutellaria barbata D. Don | 半枝莲 | Dan zhi lian | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, cold | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p118 | NE | 1.18 | 36 | JH-042 |
Lauraceae | Cinnamomum appelianum Schewe | 毛桂 | Mao gui | Rheumatism | Bark, root | Tree | – | NE | 0.73 | 42 | JH-088 |
Liliaceae | Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge | 知母 | Zei ma | Promote digestion, gynaecopathia | Rhizome | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p212 | NE | 0.94 | 13 | JH-113 |
Liliaceae | Aspidistra elatior Blume | 蜘蛛抱蛋 | Geng you luo jiao | Nourishing, promote blood circulation, relieve cough | Rhizome | Herb | – | NE | 0.94 | 62 | JH-174 |
Liliaceae | Aspidistra retusa K. Y. Lang et S. Z. Huang | 广西蜘蛛抱蛋 | Jiang fai geng you luo jiao | Nourishing, promote blood circulation, relieve cough | Rhizome | Herb | – | NE | 0.93 | 37 | JH-130 |
Liliaceae | Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang | 阔叶山麦冬 | Jiag nong geng me dong | Nourishing | Tuber | Herb | – | NE | 0.73 | 59 | JH-271 |
Liliaceae | Ophiopogon bodinieri Levl. | 沿阶草 | Yan gai mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Tuber | Herb | – | NE | 0.72 | 57 | JH-069 |
Liliaceae | Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker-Gawl. | 麦冬 | Me dong | Nourishing | Tuber | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p155 | NE | 0.72 | 61 | JH-217 |
Liliaceae | Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. ex Redoute | 黄精 | Yang jing | Nourishing | Rhizome | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p306 | NE | 0.71 | 59 | JH-236 |
Liliaceae | Reineckia carnea (Andr.) Kunth | 吉祥草 | Ji xiang mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.93 | 59 | JH-251 |
Loranthaceae | Viscum articulatum Burm. f. | 扁枝槲寄生 | Bian zhi hu ji sheng | Rheumatism, respiratory disease, promote blood circulation | Branch, leaf | Shrub | – | NE | 1.18 | 49 | JH-211 |
Loranthaceae | Viscum diospyrosicolum Hayata | 棱枝槲寄生 | Shi ji sheng | Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals | Whole plant | Phytoparasite | – | NE | 1.60 | 43 | JH-111 |
Loranthaceae | Viscum liquidambaricolum Hayata | 枫香槲寄生 | Feng xiang hu ji sheng | Rheumatism, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, promote blood circulation, resolve phlegm to relieve cough | Branch, leaf | Phytoparasite | – | NE | 1.60 | 37 | JH-107 |
Lycopodoaceae | Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub | 扁枝石松 | Bian zhi shi song | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.68 | 65 | JH-297 |
Lygodiaceae | Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. | 海金沙 | Hai jin sha | Induce diuresis, calculus, rheumatism | Spore, whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p294 | NE | 1.17 | 59 | JH-216 |
Lythraceae | Lythrum salicaria L. | 千屈菜 | Qin qu lai | Infantile malnutrition, stop bleeding | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.93 | 13 | JH-148 |
Lythraceae | Rotala rotundifolia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Koehne | 圆叶节节菜 | Jun nong a a lai | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.67 | 33 | JH-272 |
Melastomataceae | Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. | 地菍 | Dao nian | Promote digestion | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 0.67 | 71 | JH-263 |
Melastomataceae | Memecylon scutellatum (Lour.) Hook. et Arn. | 细叶谷木 | Fai nong cu diang | Heart disease | Flower | Shrub | – | NE | 0.67 | 4 | JH-157 |
Melastomataceae | Osbeckia opipara C. Y. Wu et C. Chen | 朝天罐 | Chao lu guan | Eliminating inflammation, promote digestion, heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding | Whole plant, root | Shrub | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p574 | NE | 1.34 | 42 | JH-115 |
Menispermaceae | Stephania cepharantha Hayata | 金线吊乌龟 | Jin sui di wu gui | Eliminating inflammation | Tuber | Vine | – | NE | 0.66 | 39 | JH-168 |
Menispermaceae | Stephania lincangensis Lo et M. Yang | 临沧地不容 | Lin cang dao en rong | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, relieve pain | Tuber | Vine | – | NE | 1.17 | 3 | JH-053 |
Menispermaceae | Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. | 青牛胆 | Men ong dan | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, relieve pain | Tuber | Vine | – | NE | 1.16 | 46 | JH-231 |
Moraceae | Ficus pumila Linn. | 薜荔 | Xue li | Nourishing, rheumatism | Fruit | Shrub | – | NE | 0.92 | 40 | JH-002 |
Musaceae | Musa basjoo Sieb. & Zucc. | 芭蕉 | Ba jiao | Heart disease | Flower | Herb | – | NE | 0.65 | 26 | JH-006 |
Myrsinaceae | Ardisia affinis Hemsl. | 细罗伞 | Fai luo fan | Promote blood circulation | Root | Shrub | – | NE | 0.63 | 56 | JH-095 |
Myrsinaceae | Ardisia chinensis Benth. | 小紫金牛 | Fai zi jin ong | Promote blood circulation, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, stop bleeding | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 1.34 | 59 | JH-001 |
Myrsinaceae | Ardisia crenata Sims var. bicolor (Walker) C. Y. Wu et C. Chen | 朱砂根 | Zhu sha jiang | Rheumatism, respiratory disease | Whole plant | Shrub | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p138 | NE | 0.92 | 53 | JH-254 |
Myrsinaceae | Ardisia japonica (Thunb) Blume | 紫金牛 | Zi jin ong | Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, cold, relieve cough | Whole plant, root | Shrub | – | NE | 1.33 | 62 | JH-121 |
Myrsinaceae | Embelia rudis Hand.-Mazz. | 网脉酸藤子 | Wang me sui mei | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 0.62 | 38 | JH-004 |
Orchidaceae | Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (J. E. Smith) Lindl. | 密花石豆兰 | Mi ban lao bie de lan | Respiratory disease, infantile malnutrition, relax tendons and activate collaterals, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant | Herb | – | LC | 1.57 | 41 | JH-264 |
Orchidaceae | Bulbophyllum pectinatum Finet | 长足石豆兰 | Zao da lao bie de lan | Respiratory disease, relieve cough | Whole plant | Herb | – | VU | 0.91 | 41 | JH-041 |
Orchidaceae | Dendrobium nobile Lindl. | 石斛 | Lao bie hu | Diabetes, improve eyesight, nourishing, promote digestion | Stem | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p92 | VU | 1.33 | 66 | JH-101 |
Orchidaceae | Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo | 铁皮石斛 | Li lao bie hu | Stomachache | Stem | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p282 | 0.61 | 41 | JH-265 | |
Orchidaceae | Galeola lindleyana (Hook. f. et Thoms.) Rchb. f. | 毛萼山珊瑚 | Mao e shan shan hu | Rheumatism, headache | Whole plant | Shrub | – | LC | 0.91 | 52 | JH-058 |
Orchidaceae | Luisia morsei Rolfe | 钗子股 | Chai zi gu | Rheumatism, respiratory disease, cold, cancer | Whole plant | Herb | – | LC | 1.33 | 13 | JH-133 |
Orchidaceae | Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames | 绶草 | Shou mi | Nourishing, heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | – | LC | 1.16 | 11 | JH-122 |
Papaveraceae | Eomecon chionantha Hance | 血水草 | Jiang wen mi | Promote blood circulation | Root, rhizome | Herb | – | NE | 0.59 | 14 | JH-219 |
Phyllanthaceae | Phyllanthus urinaria L. | 叶下珠 | Nong di zhu | Improve eyesight, heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion | Whole plant, root | Herb | – | NE | 1.15 | 69 | JH-083 |
Pipperaceae | Piper betle L. | 蒌叶 | Lou nong | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, cold | Stem, leaf | Vine | – | NE | 1.15 | 40 | JH-029 |
Pittosporaceae | Pittosporum glabratum Lindl. | 光叶海桐 | Jiang nong hai tong | Tuberculosis | Seed, bark | Shrub | – | NE | 0.58 | 40 | JH-173 |
Polygalaceae | Polygala japonica Houtt. | 瓜子金 | Jin gua zei | Eliminating phlegm, heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p112 | NE | 0.91 | 38 | JH-037 |
Polygalaceae | Polygala tenuifolia Willd. | 远志 | Gu zei | Nourishing, eliminating phlegm, strengthen muscles and bones | Bark | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p156 | NE | 1.14 | 39 | JH-191 |
Polygonaceae | Fagopyrum dibotrys (D. Don) Hara | 金荞麦 | Jin qiao me | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, calculus | Root, rhizome | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p218 | LC | 1.14 | 52 | JH-230 |
Polygonaceae | Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald. | 何首乌 | Huo shou wu | Nourishing | Tuber | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p175 | NE | 0.52 | 55 | JH-192 |
Polypodiaceae | Lepidogrammitis drymoglossoides (Baker) Ching | 抱石莲 | Luo lao bie lian | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, stop bleeding | Whole plant | Fern | – | NE | 1.13 | 54 | JH-057 |
Polypodiaceae | Lepisorus thunbergianus (Kaulf.) Ching | 瓦韦 | Wa wei | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, relieve cough | Whole plant | Fern | – | NE | 1.13 | 52 | JH-116 |
Polypodiaceae | Microsorum fortunei (T. Moore) Ching | 江南星蕨 | Jiang nan xing jue | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Fern | – | NE | 0.52 | 62 | JH-059 |
Portulacaceae | Portulaca oleracea L. | 马齿苋 | Ma chi xian | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating phlegm | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p49 | NE | 0.91 | 37 | JH-007 |
Primulaceae | Plantago asiatica L. | 车前 | Qi dan men | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, eliminating phlegm | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.13 | 69 | JH-018 |
Ranunculaceae | Clematis henryi Oliv. | 单叶铁线莲 | Dan nong li sui lian | Eliminating phlegm, relieve pain, relieve cough | Root, leaf | Vine | --, c | NE | 1.13 | 1 | JH-026 |
Ranunculaceae | Clematis uncinata Champ. | 柱果铁线莲 | Zhu guo li sui lian | Rheumatism, stop bleeding, toothache, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals | Root, leaf | Vine | – | NE | 1.32 | 1 | JH-155 |
Rhamnaceae | Rhamnus crenata Sieb. et Zucc. | 长叶冻绿 | Nong da dong lu | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 0.48 | 2 | JH-071 |
Rhamnaceae | Rhamnus globosa Bunge | 圆叶鼠李 | Jun nong na jun li | Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Fruit | Shrub | – | NE | 0.47 | 9 | JH-273 |
Rhamnaceae | Sageretia thea (Osbeck) Johnst. | 雀梅藤 | Que mei mei | Eliminating phlegm, rheumatism | Aerial part | Shrub | – | NE | 0.47 | 41 | JH-198 |
Rosaceae | Geum aleppicum Jacq. | 路边青 | Jiao leng men | Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve pain | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.13 | 60 | JH-100 |
Rosaceae | Potentilla discolor Bge. | 翻白草 | Bian bei mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding, diabetes | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p383 | NE | 1.12 | 45 | JH-190 |
Rosaceae | Sanguisorba officinalis L. | 地榆 | Di yu | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, stop bleeding, relieve pain | Root | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p126 | NE | 1.11 | 35 | JH-209 |
Rubiaceae | Damnacanthus indicus Gaertn. | 虎刺 | Hu ci | Infantile malnutrition, nourishing, relieve pain, cold, hepatitis | Whole plant | Shrub | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p341 | NE | 1.29 | 72 | JH-234 |
Rubiaceae | Hedyotis auricularia L. | 耳草 | Tu nong mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion, relieve cough, cold, promote blood circulation | Leaf | Herb | – | NE | 1.54 | 62 | JH-206 |
Rubiaceae | Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. | 鸡矢藤 | Jia gai mei | Rheumatism, promote digest, heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Vine | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (1977) p312 | NE | 1.11 | 31 | JH-074 |
Rubiaceae | Serissa serissoides (DC.) Druce | 白马骨 | Bei ma mei | Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, relax tendons and activate collaterals | Whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 1.11 | 60 | JH-051 |
Saururaceae | Houttuynia cordata Thunb | 蕺菜 | Ji lai | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, respiratory disease, heatstroke | Root, leaf | Herb | – | NE | 1.11 | 9 | JH-089 |
Saururaceae | Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. | 三白草 | Bu bei mi | Gynaecopathia | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p12 | NE | 0.46 | 65 | JH-061 |
Saxifragaceae | Astilbe rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don | 溪畔落新妇 | Xi pan luo xin fu | Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, relieve pain, promote digestion | Rhizome | Herb | – | NE | 1.29 | 16 | JH-032 |
Stachyuraceae | Stachyurus chinensis Franch. | 中国旌节花 | Zhong guo sheng jie hua | Gynaecopathia, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, induce diuresis | Pith | Shrub | – | NE | 1.29 | 35 | JH-068 |
Stemonaceae | Stemona tuberosa Lour. | 大百部 | Dong bei bo | Respiratory disease | Tuber | Vine | – | NE | 0.45 | 78 | JH-281 |
Sterculiaceae | Pterospermum heterophyllum Hance | 翻白叶树 | Bian bei nong diang | Rheumatism, relax tendons and activate collaterals, relieve pain | Whole plant | Tree | – | NE | 1.11 | 39 | JH-109 |
Taccaceae | Schizocapsa plantaginea Hance | 裂果薯 | Nong hu duai | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation, stop bleeding | Rhizome | Herb | – | NE | 1.11 | 54 | JH-011 |
Trilliaceae | Paris polyphylla Sm. | 七叶一枝花 | Qi ye yi zhi hua | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough | Rhizome | Herb | – | 0.91 | 30 | JH-260 | |
Umbelliferae | Bupleurum chinense DC. | 北柴胡 | Bei chai hu | Eliminating inflammation, heat-clearing and detoxifying, cold, fever | Root | Herb | – | NE | 1.28 | 31 | JH-030 |
Umbelliferae | Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. | 天胡荽 | Tian hu sui | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digest, infantile malnutrition | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.10 | 69 | JH-060 |
Umbelliferae | Peucedanum guangxiense Shan et Sheh | 广西前胡 | Jiang fai qian hu | Cold, rheumatism | Root | Herb | – | NE | 0.90 | 36 | JH-024 |
Umbelliferae | Sanicula chinensis Bunge | 变豆菜 | Ben de lai | Relieve cough, promote digestion, heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 1.28 | 19 | JH-025 |
Urticaceae | Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. | 苎麻 | Zhu ma | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, stop bleeding, nourishing | Rhizome, leaf | Shrub | – | NE | 1.26 | 33 | JH-291 |
Urticaceae | Parietaria micrantha Ledeb. | 墙草 | Jiong mi | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.90 | 9 | JH-099 |
Urticaceae | Pilea cavaleriei Levl. | 波缘冷水花 | Bo yuan wen nan ban | Relieve cough, heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.90 | 41 | JH-194 |
Urticaceae | Pilea cavaleriei Levl. subsp. valida C. J. Chen | 石油菜 | Lao bie you lai | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve pain | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.90 | 37 | JH-063 |
Usneaceae | Usnea diffracta (Vain.) Articus | 松萝 | Song luo | Rheumatism | Whole plant | Thallus | Uygur medicine p49 | NE | 0.33 | 71 | JH-147 |
Verbenaceae | Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer var. simplex Moldenke | 臭茉莉 | Zui mo li | Rheumatism, promote blood circulation, relieve pain, heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote digestion | Root, leaf, whole plant | Shrub | – | NE | 1.52 | 46 | JH-164 |
Verbenaceae | Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz. | 大青 | Dong qin | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism | Root, leaf | Shrub | – | NE | 0.89 | 51 | JH-142 |
Verbenaceae | Verbena officinalis L. | 马鞭草 | Ma bian mi | Rheumatism, heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant | Herb | Chinese PharmacopeiaI (2015) p52 | NE | 1.25 | 45 | JH-135 |
Violaceae | Viola inconspicua Blume | 长萼堇菜 | Da e jin lai | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation | Whole plant | Herb | – | NE | 0.89 | 10 | JH-252 |
Vitaceae | Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand.-Mazz.) W. T. Wang | 显齿蛇葡萄 | Xian chi nan pu tao | Respiratory disease, heat-clearing and detoxifying, hypertension | Stem, leaf | Vine | – | NE | 1.10 | 46 | JH-120 |
Vitaceae | Cayratia japonica (Thunb.) Gagnep. | 乌蔹莓 | Wu lian mei | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis | Whole plant | Vine | – | NE | 0.88 | 39 | JH-108 |
Vitaceae | Euphorbia humifusa Willd. ex Schlecht. | 地锦 | Dao jin | Rheumatism, promote blood circulation | Root, stem, fruit | Vine | – | NE | 0.88 | 9 | JH-266 |
Xanthorrhoeaceae | Hemerocallis citrina Baroni | 黄花菜 | Yang ban lai | Heat-clearing and detoxifying, nourishing | Root, flower | Herb | – | NE | 0.87 | 19 | JH-090 |
Statistical analysis
Results
Medicinal plant species sold for herbal tea at the traditional medicinal markets
Plant species and life form
Part(s) used
Conservation status
Medicinal uses
Cultural and medical significance of species
Scientific name | Chinese name | Cognitive salience |
---|---|---|
Artemisia argyi Levl. et Van. | 艾 | 0.343 |
Stemona tuberosa Lour. | 大百部 | 0.278 |
Chloranthus fortunei (A. Gray) Solms-Laub. | 丝穗金粟兰 | 0.264 |
Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. | 田基黄 | 0.261 |
Lophatherum gracile Brongn. | 淡竹叶 | 0.251 |
Usnea diffracta (Vain.) Articus | 松萝 | 0.251 |
Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. | 地菍 | 0.249 |
Damnacanthus indicus Gaertn. | 虎刺 | 0.247 |
Plantago asiatica L. | 车前 | 0.242 |
Leonurus artemisia (Laur.) S. Y. Hu | 益母草 | 0.241 |
Prunella vulgaris L. | 夏枯草 | 0.239 |
Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl. | 鸡眼草 | 0.238 |
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. | 天胡荽 | 0.237 |
Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel. | 菊花 | 0.237 |
Sedum emarginatum Migo | 凹叶景天 | 0.236 |
Phyllanthus urinaria L. | 叶下珠 | 0.233 |
Dendrobium nobile Lindl. | 石斛 | 0.230 |
Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. | 三白草 | 0.224 |
Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub | 扁枝石松 | 0.224 |
Acorus tatarinowii Schott | 石菖蒲 | 0.223 |
Comparison of medicinal plant tradition in Jianghua and Lingnan
Plant species | Jianghua | Lingnan | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consistency in efficacy |
Achyranthes aspera
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, nourishing, relieve pain | Whole plant | Clear heat and purge fire | Root |
Achyranthes bidentata
| Nourishing | Root | Activate blood and remove blood stasis, nourish the liver and the kidney, strengthen bones and muscles, alleviate edema and relieve stranguria, conduct blood-fire to go downward | Root | |
Mahonia fortunei
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Root, stem | Nourish yin and clear heat, warm lung and stop cough | Leaf | |
Lonicera confusa
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Flower, stem, leaf | Clear heat and relieve toxicity, disperse wind | Flower, stem | |
Lonicera japonica
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation | Stem | Clear heat and relieve toxicity, disperse wind | Flower, stem | |
Cirsium japonicum
| Nourishing, gynaecopathia, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding, eliminating inflammation | Whole plant, root | Cool the blood and stop bleeding, eliminate toxic materials to treat carbuncle | Aerial part, root | |
Dendranthema morifolium
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, rheumatism, improve eyesight | Flower | Clear heat and relieve toxicity | Flower | |
Lophatherum gracile
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieve cough, induce diuresis | Root | Clear heat, sedative | Leaf, root | |
Juncus effusus
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, respiratory disease, relieve cough | Spith | Clear away liver-heat and lower the fire | Pith | |
Prunella vulgaris
| Improve eyesight, promote blood circulation | Fruit cluster, flower | Clear liver, purge fire, resolve knots, dissolve swelling, pacify liver and improve eyesight. | Whole plant | |
Gleditsia sinensis
| Eliminate phlegm, induce diuresis | Pod, seed, shoot thorn | Relieve pathological heat and remove dampness through diuresis | Fruit | |
Anemarrhena asphodeloides
| Promote digestion, gynaecopathia | Rhizome | Strengthen stomach and lung | Bulb | |
Ophiopogon japonicus
| Nourishing | Tuber | Smooth lung and nourish yin | Root | |
Dendrobium nobile
| Diabetes, improve eyesight, nourishing, promote digestion | Stem | Strengthen stomach and promote fluid production, nourish yin and clear heat | Stem | |
Plantago asiatica
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, induce diuresis, eliminating phlegm | Whole plant | Clear heat and dampness, induce diuresis | Whole plant, seed | |
Fagopyrum dibotrys
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, calculus | Root, rhizome | Clear heat and detoxifying | Rhizome | |
Artemisia argyi
| Gynaecopathia | Whole plant | Stop bleeding, expel cold and alleviate pain by warming meridians | Aerial part | |
Inconsistency in efficacy |
Fallopia multiflora
| Nourishing | Tuber | Moisten intestines and relax bowls | Tuber |
Parthenocissus tricuspidata
| Rheumatism, promote blood circulation | Root, stem, fruit | Clear away heat and promote dieresis | Root, stem | |
Acorus tatarinowii
| Cold | Whole plant | Eliminate dampness and stimulate appetite, regain consciousness through dispelling phlegm, induce resuscitation and strengthen intelligence | Rhizome | |
Trachelospermum jasminoides
| Rheumatism | Whole plant | Clear heat and relieve toxicity | Aerial part | |
Hypericum japonicum
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying, promote blood circulation, promote digestion | Whole plant | Clear liver, promote diuresis to drain dampness and relieve dyspepsia | Whole plant | |
Leonurus artemisia
| Heat-clearing and detoxifying | Whole plant | Activate blood and dispel stasis, induce dieresis and alleviate edema | Whole plant |