Background
Methods
Participants
Data acquisition
Preprocessing
Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) preprocessing
DTI group analyses
DTI dimensional analysis
DTI interaction analysis
Supplementary analyses with a narrow age range with only males
Results
Demographic data
Variable | ASD (n = 105) | ADHD (n = 55) | TD (n = 58) | F or χ2 statistic | Post hoc test |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean, SD, y | 31.2 (7.1) | 31.2 (8.8) | 29.4 (6.7) | F (2,215) = 1.2, η2 = 0.011, P = 0.31 | NA |
Male/female no | 92/13 | 42/13 | 49/9 | χ(2) = 3.41, η2 = 0.125, P = 0.18 | NA |
Handedness | 76.8 (55.2) | 75.5 (56.1) | 87.4 (39.9) | F (2,215) = 0.97, η2 = 0.009, P = 0.38 | NA |
Head motion | 1.06 (0.10) | 1.05 (0.10) | 1.07 (0.10) | F (2,215) = 0.42, η2 = 0.004, P = 0.66 | NA |
IQ | |||||
Full | 106.8 (14.8) | 106.3 (12.5) | 107.7 (7.7) | F (2,204) = 0.15, η2 = 0.001, P = 0.86 | NA |
Verbal | 110.8 (15.0) | 108.7 (14.1) | F (1,147) = 0.59, η2 = 0.004, P = 0.45 | NA | |
Performance | 100.1 (16.3) | 102.0 (13.8) | F (1,147) = 0.45, η2 = 0.003, P = 0.50 | NA | |
AQ | 34.3 (6.0) | 30.3 (8.5) | 16.2 (5.8) | F (2,189) = 148.3, η2 = 0.611, P < 0.001 | ASD > ADHD > TD |
CAARS | |||||
Inattentive symptoms | 64.1 (14.3) | 74.2 (12.4) | 49.0 (8.3) | F (2,152) = 26.0, η2 = 0.255, P < 0.001 | ADHD > ASD > TD |
Hyperactive impulsive symptoms | 59.4 (14.8) | 67.2 (15.5) | 49.9 (9.6) | F (2,152) = 10.3, η2 = 0.119, P < 0.001 | ADHD > ASD > TD |
ADHD symptoms total | 63.4 (14.8) | 72.9 (12.6) | 49.4 (8.7) | F (2,152) = 21.3, η2 = 0.219, P < 0.001 | ADHD > ASD > TD |
AASP | |||||
Low registration | 36.9 (9.0) | 39.1 (9.2) | 28.3 (6.4) | F (2,141) = 18.7, η2 = 0.210, P < 0.001 | ADHD = ASD > TD |
Sensation seeking | 31.8 (6.3) | 38.1 (7.2) | 40.8 (7.6) | F (2,141) = 22.6, η2 = 0.243, P < 0.001 | ADHD = TD > ASD |
Sensory sensitivity | 39.1 (10.7) | 41.8 (9.6) | 32.9 (7.4) | F (2,141) = 8.97, η2 = 0.113, P < 0.001 | ADHD = ASD > TD |
Sensation avoiding | 39.7 (10.1) | 41.3 (10.2) | 32.4 (7.0) | F (2,140) = 10.3, η2 = 0.129, P < 0.001 | ADHD = ASD > TD |
DTI categorical analyses
White matter tract | MNI coordinate | Cluster size | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
F test | |||||
FA | |||||
R. Posterior corpus callosum/corona radiata/cingulum | 16 | − 34 | 35 | 294 | |
R. Body of corpus callosum | 13 | 6 | 29 | 277 | |
RD | |||||
R. Posterior corpus callosum/corona radiata/cingulum | 16 | − 34 | 35 | 316 | |
R. Body of corpus callosum | 14 | − 9 | 32 | 43 | |
R. Body of corpus callosum | 17 | − 21 | 33 | 19 | |
Follow-up t test | |||||
FA | |||||
TD > ASD | |||||
R. Body of corpus callosum | 11 | 6 | 27 | 277 | |
R. Posterior corpus callosum/corona radiata/cingulum | 16 | − 36 | 27 | 264 | |
TD > ADHD | |||||
R. Body of corpus callosum | 11 | 6 | 27 | 101 | |
R. Posterior corpus callosum/corona radiata/cingulum | 16 | − 36 | 27 | 106 | |
RD | |||||
ASD > TD | |||||
R. Posterior corpus callosum/corona radiata/cingulum | 17 | − 38 | 27 | 300 | |
R. Body of corpus callosum | 14 | − 9 | 32 | 43 | |
ADHD > TD | |||||
R. Posterior corpus callosum/corona radiata | 18 | − 43 | 40 | 120 | |
R. Body of corpus callosum | 14 | − 7 | 32 | 42 | |
R. Cingulum | 9 | − 36 | 33 | 15 | |
ASD > ADHD | |||||
R. Posterior body of corpus callosum | 17 | − 33 | 34 | 61 |
DTI dimensional analyses
White matter tract | MNI coordinate | Cluster size | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dimensional analysis | |||||
RD and sensation seeking | |||||
R. Posterior body of corpus callosum | 16 | − 34 | 35 | 17 | |
RD and sensation avoiding | |||||
R. Posterior body of corpus callosum | 19 | − 28 | 37 | 82 | |
R. Posterior body of corpus callosum | 16 | − 32 | 32 | 34 | |
FA and sensory sensitivity | |||||
R. Posterior body of corpus callosum | 19 | − 28 | 37 | 30 | |
FA and sensation avoiding | |||||
R. Posterior body of corpus callosum | 19 | − 25 | 36 | 71 | |
Interaction analysis | |||||
FA and sensory sensitivity (ASD + ADHD vs. TD) | |||||
R. Midbody of corpus callosum | 11 | − 2 | 30 | 73 | |
RD and sensory sensitivity (ASD vs. ADHD) | |||||
R. Posterior body of corpus callosum | 16 | − 35 | 37 | 13 |