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Erschienen in: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 6/2017

21.02.2017 | Review Article

MicroRNAs: effective elements in ear-related diseases and hearing loss

verfasst von: Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-sani, Ameneh Mehri-Ghahfarrokhi, Fereshteh Ahmadinejad, Morteza Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori, Massoud Saidijam, Mohammad-Saeid Jami

Erschienen in: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology | Ausgabe 6/2017

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Abstract

miRNAs are important factors for post-transcriptional process that controls gene expression at mRNA level. Various biological processes, including growth and differentiation, are regulated by miRNAs. miRNAs have been demonstrated to play an essential role in development and progression of hearing loss. Nowadays, miRNAs are known as critical factors involved in different physiological, biological, and pathological processes, such as gene expression, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, age-related hearing loss, noise-induced hearing loss, cholesteatoma, schwannomas, and inner ear inflammation. The miR-183 family (miR-183, miR-96 and miR-182) is expressed abundantly in some types of sensory cells in inner ear specially mechanosensory hair cells that exhibit a great expression level of this family. The plasma levels of miR-24-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-185-5p, and miR-451a were upregulated during noise exposures, and increased levels of miR-21 have been found in vestibular schwannomas and human cholesteatoma. In addition, upregulation of pro-apoptotic miRNAs and downregulation of miRNAs which promote differentiation and proliferation in age-related degeneration of the organ of Corti may potentially serve as a helpful biomarker for the early detection of age-related hearing loss. This knowledge represents miRNAs as promising diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the near future.
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Metadaten
Titel
MicroRNAs: effective elements in ear-related diseases and hearing loss
verfasst von
Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-sani
Ameneh Mehri-Ghahfarrokhi
Fereshteh Ahmadinejad
Morteza Hashemzadeh-Chaleshtori
Massoud Saidijam
Mohammad-Saeid Jami
Publikationsdatum
21.02.2017
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology / Ausgabe 6/2017
Print ISSN: 0937-4477
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-4726
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-017-4470-6

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