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Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 3/2018

27.07.2018 | Präimplantationsdiagnostik | Leitthema

Implantationsversagen: Embryo, Endometrium oder beides?

verfasst von: K. Vomstein, B. Toth, PD Dr. med. R.-J. Kuon

Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie | Ausgabe 3/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Trotz Fortschritten insbesondere im Bereich des IVF-Labor leiden etwa 10 % der Kinderwunschpaare unter einem rezidivierenden Implantationsversagen (RIF). Neben allgemeinen Faktoren der Mutter werden Eigenschaften des Embryos und des Endometriums als Ursache diskutiert.

Ziel der Arbeit

Überblick über die Bedeutung der aktuellen diagnostischen Verfahren zur Untersuchung des Embryos sowie des Endometriums bei Patientinnen mit RIF.

Material und Methoden

Aktuelle Literaturrecherche und Zusammenfassung relevanter Studien und Übersichtsbeiträge zum Thema.

Ergebnisse

Neben Risikofaktoren wie hereditären und erworbenen Thrombophilien oder anatomischen Auffälligkeiten sind embryonale und endometriale Faktoren in den Blickpunkt gerückt. Die chromosomale Zusammensetzung und morphologische Entwicklung des Embryos können heute detaillierter untersucht werden. Mit neuen Techniken kann zudem die Implantationsfähigkeit des Endometriums genetisch, aber auch immunologisch bzw. infektiologisch analysiert werden. Als neue Risikofaktoren für RIF wird die chronische Endometritis sowie Veränderungen der natürlichen Killerzellen im Endometrium diskutiert.

Schlussfolgerungen

Kinderwunschpaare sollten vor einer Behandlung über die Erfolgsraten aufgeklärt werden. Mehrere erfolglose Kinderwunschbehandlungen stellen neben der finanziellen auch eine extreme psychische Belastung dar. Viele der aktuellen Risikofaktoren für RIF wurden lediglich an einer kleinen Studienpopulation untersucht. Vor Anwendung in der klinischen Routine sollten neue diagnostische Verfahren möglichst in prospektiven Studien mit ausreichender Fallzahl und einheitlich definiertem Patientinnenkollektiv untersucht werden. Nach aktuellem Stand müssen embryonale wie auch endometriale Faktoren für die Entstehung eines RIF verantwortlich gemacht werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Implantationsversagen: Embryo, Endometrium oder beides?
verfasst von
K. Vomstein
B. Toth
PD Dr. med. R.-J. Kuon
Publikationsdatum
27.07.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Gynäkologische Endokrinologie / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1610-2894
Elektronische ISSN: 1610-2908
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-018-0200-4

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