Erschienen in:
01.12.2003 | Experimental
A canine study of immunotherapy in scorpion envenomation
verfasst von:
Fekri Abroug, Semir Nouira, Souheil El Atrous, Lamia Besbes, Riadh Boukef, Mohamed Boussarsar, Soudani Marghli, Joëlle Eurin, Christiane Barthelemy, Mohamed El Ayeb, Koussay Dellagi, Alain Carayon
Erschienen in:
Intensive Care Medicine
|
Ausgabe 12/2003
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Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the effects of scorpion venom and antivenom in experimental envenomation.
Design
Prospective, controlled animal study.
Setting
University research laboratory
Subjects
Twenty-nine anesthetized and ventilated dogs.
Interventions
The first group of animals had venom alone (0.05 mg/kg). Animals from the second group had simultaneous administration of 10 ml of scorpion antivenom (SAV). In the third and fourth groups, 10 ml and 40 ml SAV, respectively, were injected 10 min following venom.
Measurements and results
Hemodynamic parameters using right heart catheter were recorded and dosage of catecholamines, neuropeptide Y (NPY), endothelin-1, and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were performed at baseline and during 60 min following envenomation. In the control group, at 5 min, there was a sharp increase in pulmonary artery occluded pressure (PAOP, from 2 mmHg to 23 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (MAP, from 125 mmHg to 212 mmHg) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR, from 2,450 dyn sec-1 m5 to 5,775 dyn sec-1 m5, P<0.05 for all). Heart rate, cardiac output, and stroke volume decreased. There was a 40-fold increase in epinephrine and norepinephrine plasma concentrations. Circulating NPY and ANP dosages increased too. PAOP and MAP decreased thereafter to reach baseline levels. Simultaneous administration of SAV with venom totally offset the hallmarks of scorpion envenomation. Delayed administration of SAV at any dosage failed to alter the features of scorpion envenomation.
Conclusion
While simultaneous administration of SAV and scorpion venom is effective in preventing scorpion envenomation-related manifestations, delayed administration of SAV, either at standard or elevated dosages, failed to alter any of the scorpion envenomation features.